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A low-cost contactless micro-payment frameworkGrimm, Nicholas Justin 30 June 2014 (has links)
M.Com. (Informatics) / This research has the aim of creating a low-cost, contactless, micro-payment framework to support micro-payments for the informal taxi industry in South Africa. The informal taxi industry is a prime example of an industry that needs simple and effective payments for low-cost services where the primary medium of payment is currently cash. Challenges of currently used are the security of cash, the difficulty for the taxi driver to collect cash, and the auditability of cash from the perspective of the taxi owner. Furthermore, the taxi owner does not know the routes the taxi travels or the petrol that is used by the taxi. Micro-payment transaction volumes are rapidly increasing due to consumer need for simple and effective payments for low-cost items and services. Micro-payment technologies are rapidly growing in popularity and demand, prompting the need for financial institutions to consider investment in the technology. Contactless technology, specifically near-field communication (NFC), is contributing to the exponential growth of micro-payments. Increasingly, consumers are not required to enter security information in order to perform transactions. By bringing a compatible card within range of a suitable reader, a transaction takes place with immediate effect, with little or no involvement from payment providers and financial institutions. Complementary wireless technologies such as GPS enable a multitude of applications by offering positional and speed information. Combining GPS technology with NFC enables contactless positional payment information to be accessible, to present a unique micro-payment concept. This dissertation presents M-Thinta, a low-cost contactless micro-payment model. The M-Thinta prototype demonstrates the real-world operation of the M-Thinta model. The prototype demonstrates that it is possible to create a functional low-cost, contactless micro-payment platform by combining a number of standard low-cost components.
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Factors influencing the successful adoption of mobile commerce servicesDe Sousa, Sergio Anthony David January 2013 (has links)
Mobile Commerce (MC) can be defined as any transaction carried out over a wireless network, using a wireless device, such as a mobile phone, and that has monetary value (Wang and Liao, 2007). MC is a rapidly developing industry in tenns of its technological capabilities. With these increasing developments, come greater forecasts of potential benefits to societies, economies, industries and individuals. However, the growth and development ofthe underlying MC technology, has not been met by the creation and adoption of the services meant to accompany MC. It is said that the success of MC will ultimately lie in its services. As MC Service Providers (MCSP) are responsible for delivering these MC Services (MCS), the success ofMC can be said to rest on them. In order for MCSs to be successfully adopted, both the initial use and continuous use thereof should be targeted. In other words those that have used MCSs (users) and those that have yet to use MCSs (non-users) should be targeted. It is thus pivotal that an understanding of the factors that generate MCS adoption be sought. This research purposed to uncover the factors that generate MCS adoption within the user and nonuser group. In defining successful adoption ofMCS's, two separate measures were used for each group. User satisfaction is a well accepted construct among researchers for measuring system success among users. User satisfaction is also accepted to be a detenninant of service re-use and loyalty. Intention to use is a measure used for MC success among non-users and is accepted to be a detenninant of actual use. Factors affecting both detenninants, user satisfaction and intention to use, were investigated. After a review ofliterature and current models, ten (10) factors were hypothesised to be significant factors in determining user satisfaction and intention to use namely: ease of use, cost, speed, personalisation, pennission, privacy, security, convenience, relationship (with MCSP) and awareness. A questionnaire was developed to test the hypothesised factors. Not all factors were proven to have a significant impact on both user satisfactions and intention to use. One main recommendation is that both initial and continuous adoption should be the focus ofMC strategy. Services that cater to specific user needs and offer convenience at a low cost should be offered. MCSPs can use the factors proved to be significant to generate and evaluate their service offering, to users and non users, to increase the probability of successful adoption from initial to continuous use. The research concludes that MCSPs need to begin to offer MCSs that meet user needs and add value to their lives in order to realise the professed potential ofMC.
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Adoption and sustained use of M-Commerce to improve efficacy of construction SMMEsWilliams, Zenande January 2011 (has links)
E-commerce has been said to bring value to businesses by improving business efficiency and effectiveness and thus providing business with a competitive advantage through the potential benefits that it offers (Cloete, Courtney & Fintz, 2002). However, despite the potential benefits that e-commerce can offer, the adoption of B2C e-commerce in South African construction SMMEs is low and this is due to the challenges associated with e-commerce (Vaithanathan, 2010; Uzoka, Shemi & Seleka, 2007; Love & Irani, 2004; Anumba & Ruikar, 2002). These e-commerce challenges include: high implementation costs, lack or poor infrastructure, inadequate resources, low use of e-commerce by suppliers and consumers, lack of access to e-commerce, computer illiteracy, deficiency in understanding the potential benefits of e-commerce and security concerns (Vaithanathan, 2010; Uzoka, Shemi, & Seleka, 2007; Mensah, Bahta, & Mhlanga, 2005; Cloete, Courtney, & Fintz, 2002). Therefore, due to these e-commerce challenges, construction SMMEs do not exploit the business advantages that e-commerce offers. In order to assist South African construction SMMEs in their efforts to improve their business effectiveness and efficiency through commercial technologies.
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The mediating role of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyaltyChihombori, Rumbidzai Anna January 2012 (has links)
The main objective of this study was to critically investigate the mediating role that the use of mobile technology plays in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a semi-urban environment. The research problem focused on the application of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the clothing industry in King Williams Town. In accomplishing this objective, this research study hypothesised that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of customers of clothing retailers in South Africa. Multiple regression was conducted to test for the first hypothesis. The first secondary objective aimed at establishing if there is disconfirmation between customer expectations and the performance of clothing retail outlets in King Williams Town. In exploring this objective, it was hypothesised that there is negative disconfirmation between customer expectations and performance. A paired sample test was conducted to test for this hypothesis. In addition, the influence of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty was explored. To accomplish these, it was hypothesised that both service quality and customer satisfaction have an influence on customer loyalty. Pearson’s Correlation and the Chi-Square Test were applied to test the influence of service quality and Customer satisfaction on Customer loyalty. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software. Regression analysis, chi-square tests, Paired sample tests and correlation reports were used to analyse data inferentially. Reliability and validity of the research was also tested using Cronchbach’s alpha test. The results show that mobile phones have become a basic necessity for customers and that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty; however, the mediation is partial. The results also show that there is positive disconfirmation between customer expectations and retailer performance; that both service quality and customer satisfaction have a positive correlation with customer loyalty and that mobile technology enhances customer loyalty. Finally, the results show that the total service experience of customers is favourable vii because the five components of service quality were rendered at a high level of service quality. The study offers several managerial recommendations. Firstly, retail managers should make strategic investments in mobile technology and use this technology to the full to reap the benefits of technologically advanced mobile communication. Secondly, managers should be creative in their use of this mobile technology to enhance customer satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty. Thirdly, managers should prioritise the improvement of all five components of service quality in order to enhance customer loyalty. Finally, managers should provide a customer-centred service experience that exceeds customer expectations for service quality and mobile communication, one that maximises customer satisfaction and loyalty. The implementation of these recommendations could result in clothing retailers providing a customer-focused service experience in all five aspects of service quality. To successfully implement these recommendations, clothing retailers should: ensure that expectations created, could be accomplished or exceeded to build and enhance customer satisfaction; create expectations that are realistic to avoid negative disconfirmation and hence customer dissatisfaction; implement innovative and creative mobile communication strategies to build and enhance customer loyalty; and finally, improve loyalty programmes to enlarge the customer base.
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A Design Framework for Mobile Social CommerceKucukcay, Ilyas Eray January 2014 (has links)
The use of mobile devices and social media has been increasing dramatically and becoming critical for B2C businesses. Such businesses need to consider implementing e-commerce services in the mobile environment with social integration to satisfy their customers’ needs. Concepts like mobile commerce and social commerce are already being used extensively by many businesses. However, there are no clear guidelines in the literature on how to use mobile and social characteristics together for B2C e-commerce. Fusing these two concepts is what we call mobile social commerce (ms-commerce).
In this thesis, we performed a thorough literature review to identify the characteristics of ms-commerce. The findings enabled us to first devise a proper definition for ms-commerce as the concept of performing online commercial activities in a mobile environment with the help of contributions from customers. Second, elements of the building blocks of ms-commerce, namely business models, m-commerce and s-commerce were identified based on commonly accepted fundamentals of the related concepts. Each building block has a critical role in increasing the value and efficiency of the product/service being delivered online by B2C businesses.
We propose a mobile social commerce design framework along with a modular design model consisting of a generic class diagram that can be used for designing and developing ms-commerce applications that fit the specific needs of businesses. Businesses can choose the right elements to integrate in their ms-commerce application with the purpose of increasing the efficiency and integrating the social participation of customers. Three different scenarios were devised, and three mobile app prototypes were developed to support them, using the design model of our proposed framework.
Finally, in light of our experience in developing ms-commerce applications, we discussed and contrasted the three different mobile development strategies, namely native, hybrid and web-based.
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Nativní framework pro univerzální nabídkový systém pro platformu Android / Native Android Framework for a Universal Catalogue SystemPyszko, Petr January 2016 (has links)
This thesis deals with design and implementation of framework for Android operating system. This framework is designed for effective development of mobile applications for products presentation. The framework considers the possibility of customization and change of its default behavior.
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Mobile point of sale adoption by small medium enterprise merchants in South AfricaNyawo, Norman January 2017 (has links)
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce in Information Systems, School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2018 / The purpose of this study was to identify and test the factors that affect mobile Point of Sale (mPOS) adoption in Johannesburg, South Africa. The adoption of mPOS technology by merchants has not been as widespread compared to developed countries, which begs the question as to what is hindering the adoption in this context.
By using a positivist approach, the study tested adoption factors using the Technology-OrganisationalEnvironment (TOE) framework. The framework looked at seven adoption factors that could potentially influence merchant level adoption of mPOS in Johannesburg, South Africa by Small Medium Enterprises. This relational study used researcher administered face-to-face questionnaires to collect data from one hundred SMEs based in Johannesburg, South Africa. Results of this study were used to answer the question as to what the adoption factors are and the extent to which these factors have affected mPOS adoption in Johannesburg, South Africa.
The results of the study showed that, mPOS technology has not been widely adopted by SMEs in Johannesburg. The study also revealed that of the seven adoption factors that were anticipated to affect mPOS adoption, perceived value proposition and size of the firm had a significant impact on mPOS adoption. Furthermore, the study also uncovered significant associations between perceived value proposition, perceived competition, industry regulation and perceived security / MT 2019
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Customer experience with smartphones : a university student perspectiveMupamhanga, Musiyiwa January 2016 (has links)
Dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master Of Technology: Marketing, Durban University Of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / The classical view that an industry is a customer-satisfying process and not a goods-producing process is vital for all businesses to understand. Today the mobile industry have produced a smartphone which represents a dramatic departure from traditional computing platforms as they no longer represent a static notion of context, where changes are absent, small or predictable. Therefore, today’s industries need to begin the production process with customer’s needs and not with patents, raw materials, products or selling skills. With this view rather, an organisation can only create the environment and the circumstances in which the consumer could have an experience. Furthermore, an organisation cannot grant an experience to the consumer in isolation. In seeking to expand an understating of the above classical view, this study inquired into customer experience derived from owing and using the most decorated product of the era, that is, the smartphone.
The essence of this study aimed at investigating customer experience by studying smartphone usage from the students’ perspective. It studied the gap between students’ expectation and the subsequent experiences in order to determine satisfaction levels. Furthermore, cognitive dissonance was investigated to determine if there were any remorse feelings towards the smartphone. A descriptive study was employed with a quantitative inquiry and the survey used the convenience sampling method. A questionnaire was administered to students within the Durban University of Technology (DUT) fraternity. The Statistical Package for Social Science Software (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyse and to interpret the data.
The key findings of the study indicate that South African university students (DUT) have positive experiences with the smartphones. Albeit, the findings indicate positive experiences, minimal presence of cognitive dissonance is also depicted. The presence of dissonance highlights that an idea cannot have a single measure which is universally meaningful. Therefore, the study expose that every product will always be exposed to suggestions of change, no matter how it can be deemed smart. / M
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Mobile business intelligence deployment framework for small and medium enterprises in the information communication and technology sector : case study of South Africa and Nigeria.Adeyelure, Tope Samuel. January 2016 (has links)
D. Tech. Business Information Systems / Information supports the smooth operations and vital decision making of the normal operation of business processes within an enterprise. Developing countries’ Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are faced with challenges of accessing intelligent information for decision making at different operational sites. Developing countries' SMEs could have benefited from the use of Mobile Business Intelligence (MBI) system. However, there is a lack of a framework that is contextualized to inform the deployment of Mobile Business Intelligence in developing countries' SMEs. This thesis therefore is envisioned to design a framework for the deployment of Mobile Business Intelligence in developing countries' SMEs. This study identified the factors that are needed in the development of a deployment framework for MBI within SMEs in developing countries.
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Cellphone banking adoption and continuance of use in an internet banking context : a study of consumers'cross-channel cognitive evaluationsNel, Jacques 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The convergence of the Internet, wireless technologies, and mobile devices has led to the
development of a new paradigm of transacting, namely, mobile commerce. Because
banking activities are easily digitised and automated, banks have seized the mobile
transacting opportunity and have developed cellphone banking applications that allow
more flexibility for bank clients than internet banking in terms of anywhere, anytime
banking. For banks, considering the benefits associated with multi-channel customers, the
ideal situation would be that bank clients using internet banking also adopt and continue to
use cellphone banking in the future. Therefore, to assist marketing managers with the
development of marketing strategies to enhance the concurrent use of internet and
cellphone banking, this study investigates the influence of internet banking cognitive
evaluations on the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use of cellphone
banking in the formation of the intention to use and the continuance of use intention of
cellphone banking.
A literature review revealed that two consumer behaviour theories can guide crosschannel
cognitive evaluations between the internet banking and cellphone banking
channel namely, expectation-transfer theory and status quo bias theory. In the context of
this study, expectation-transfer theory can explain cross-channel evaluative synergies from
the internet banking channel to the cellphone banking channel, as well as dissynergies;
whilst status quo bias underpins only evaluative dissynergies. These theories point to
internet banking beliefs that could influence the perceived ease of use and perceived
usefulness of cellphone banking. Based on the literature review, a conceptual model was
developed of the formation of intention to use and the continuance of use intention of
cellphone banking in an internet banking context. To assess the validity of the model empirically, data were collected from 678 users of only
internet banking and 491 users of both internet and cellphone banking. The data collected
in the empirical phase of the study were analysed using the structural equations modelling
(SEM) software program AMOS 20.0.
The results revealed that the perceived convenience and time saving of internet banking
positively influence the perceived usefulness of cellphone banking for the users of both
internet and cellphone banking. On the other hand, only the perceived convenience of
internet banking influenced the cellphone banking usefulness perceptions of the users of
only internet banking. Furthermore, internet banking trust and risk perceptions only influenced the cellphone banking usefulness perceptions of the users of only internet
banking. Expectation-transfer in both cohorts was also confirmed between the ease of use
perceptions of internet banking and the perceived ease of use of cellphone banking. The
results also confirmed that internet banking facilitating conditions negatively influence the
perceived usefulness of cellphone banking (evidence of status quo bias).
The theoretical contribution of the study is apparent at three different levels. Firstly, the
conceptual model of cross-channel cognitive evaluations extends the Technology
Acceptance Model (TAM) with beliefs of a related technology as the determinants of
perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Secondly, the study provides more
insights into how cross-channel cognitive evaluations influence the formation of intention to
use and the continuance of use intention of cellphone banking. And lastly, the study
identifies additional sources of expectation-transfer and status-quo bias in the multichannel
marketing context.
The study provides valuable insights into internet – cellphone banking multi-channel
consumer behaviour that should be considered by managers in the development of
cellphone banking marketing strategies. To facilitate the conversion from internet banking
to the concurrent usage of internet and cellphone banking, managers of cellphone banking
services must ensure that the internet banking service is reliable and risk free. Equally
important, cellphone banking must be marketed as a complementary channel to internet
banking. In other words, the usefulness of cellphone banking must be emphasised in
situations when the bank client is not near a computer to do internet banking or when
he/she does not have the time or money to use a computer for internet banking. And lastly,
to enhance the adoption of cellphone banking marketing communications must emphasise
the similarities between internet and cellphone banking so that expectation-transfer
between the two channels can influence behavioural intentions to adopt cellphone banking.
Based on the results of the study, several recommendations can be made to enhance the
continuance of use of cellphone banking. Firstly, marketing communications must remind
the concurrent users of internet and cellphone banking of why they are using cellphone
banking. The most important reason to remind them of is the usefulness of cellphone
banking in situations where there is a lack of internet banking facilitating conditions.
Marketing managers should also take note that cellphone banking users do not draw on
internet banking trust and risk perceptions to form perceptions of the usefulness of cellphone banking. It may be that they only consider trust and risk perceptions directly
related to cellphone banking. This conclusion emphasises the importance of cellphone
banking trust and risk perceptions in cellphone banking continuance of use behaviour.
Finally, the study quantified the influence of internet banking cognitive evaluations on the
formation of intention to use and the continuance of use intention of cellphone banking.
Considering this result, the study provides valuable information for marketing managers of
cellphone services. The methodology employed can also guide future studies exploring
cross-channel evaluations in a multi-channel marketing context. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sameloop van maklike toegang tot die Internet, die ontwikkeling van draadlose
tegnologieë en die beskikbaarheid van mobiele toestelle het gelei tot ʼn nuwe
transaksieparadigma, naamlik mobiele handel. Aangesien bankaktiwiteite maklik digitiseer
en outomatiseer, het banke die mobiele verrigtingsgeleentheid aangegryp en
selfoonbankaanwendings ontwikkel wat vir bankkliënte meer buigsaamheid as
internetbankdienste inhou wat ‘enige plek, enige tyd’ bankwese betref. Gegewe die
voordele van multikanaal gebruik, is die ideaal vir banke dat kliënte wat
internetbankdienste gebruik, ook selfoonbankdienste aanvaar en in die toekoms bly
gebruik. Met die oog daarop om bemarkingsbestuurders by te staan in die ontwikkeling
van bemarkingstrategieë om die gelyktydige gebruik van internet- en selfoonbankdienste
te bevorder, ondersoek hierdie studie die invloed van kognitiewe evaluerings oor
internetbankwese op die waargenome nuttigheid en waargenome maklike gebruik van
selfoonbankdienste in die vorming van die gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette
gebruiksvoorneme ten opsigte van selfoonbankdienste.
ʼn Literatuuroorsig het getoon dat twee verbruikersgedragsteorieë kruiskanaal kognitiewe
evaluerings tussen die internetbankkanaal en selfoonbankkanaal kan voorlig, naamlik,
Verwagtingsoordragteorie (“Expectation-transfer Theory”) en Status Quo Vooroordeel
Teorie (“Status Quo Bias Theory”). In die konteks van hierdie studie kan
Verwagtingsoordragteorie kruiskanaalevalueringsinergieë en dissinergieë van die
internetbankkanaal na die selfoonbankkanaal toe verduidelik, terwyl Status Quo
Vooroordeel Teorie slegs evaluerende dissinergieë stut. Hierdie teorieë belig
internetbankoortuigings wat die waargenome nuttigheid en waargenome maklike gebruik
van selfoonbankdienste kan beïnvloed. ʼn Konseptuele model van die vorming van die
gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette gebruiksvoorneme van selfoonbankdienste in ʼn
internetbankkonteks is op grond van die literatuuroorsig ontwikkel. Met die oog daarop om die geldigheid van die model empiries te bepaal, is data van 678
gebruikers van slegs internet bankdienste en 491 gebruikers van internet sowel as
selfoonbankdienste ingesamel. Die data wat tydens die empiriese fase van die studie
ingesamel is, is met behulp van die strukturele vergelykingsmodelleringsagtewareprogram
(“structural equations modelling” (SEM)) AMOS 20.0 analiseer.
Volgens die resultate het die waargenome gerieflikheid en tydbesparing van
internetbankwese die waargenome nuttigheid van selfoonbankdienste positief beïnvloed by gebruikers van beide internet en selfoonbankdienste. Hierteenoor het slegs die
waargenome gerieflikheid van internetbankdienste die selfoonbankdiensnuttigheidswaarnemings
van gebruikers van slegs internetbankdienste beïnvloed. Verder het
internetbankdiensvertroue en risikowaarnemings slegs die selfoonbankdiensnuttigheid van
die gebruikers van slegs internetbankdienste beïnvloed. Verwagtingsoordrag in beide
kohorte is ook bevestig tussen die maklike gebruik persepsies van internetbankdienste en
die waargenome maklike gebruik van selfoonbankdienste. Die resultate bevestig ook dat
internetbankfasiliteringsomstandighede die waargenome nuttigheid van selfoonbankdienste
negatief beïnvloed (manifestering van status quo vooroordeel).
Die teoretiese bydrae van die studie blyk op drie vlakke. Eerstens brei die konseptuele
model van kruiskanaal kognitiewe evaluerings die Tegnologie Aanvaardingsmodel
(“Technology Acceptance Model” (TAM)) uit ten opsigte van oortuigings oor ʼn verwante
tegnologie as die bepalers van waargenome nuttigheid en waargenome maklike gebruik.
Die studie bied tweedens ook insigte in hoe kruiskanaal kognitiewe evaluerings die
vorming van gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette gebruiksvoorneme van
selfoonbankdienste beïnvloed. Die studie identifiseer laastens ook addisionele
verwagtingsoordrag- en status quo vooroordeel bronne in die
multikanaalbemarkingskonteks.
Die studie bied waardevolle insig oor internet – selfoonbankmultikanaal-verbruikersgedrag
wat bestuurders in die ontwikkeling van selfoonbank-diensbemarkingstrategieë moet
oorweeg. Om die oorskakeling van internetbankdienste na die gelyktydige gebruik van
internet en selfoonbankdienste te fasiliteer, moet bestuurders van selfoonbankdienste
verseker dat internetbankdienste betroubaar en risikovry is. Wat net so belangrik is, is dat
selfoonbankwese as ʼn komplementêre kanaal tot internet bankwese bemark moet word.
Die nuttigheid van selfoonbankwese moet, met ander woorde, beklemtoon word in situasies waar die kliënt nie naby ʼn rekenaar is vir internetbankgebruik nie of wanneer
hy/sy nie die geld of tyd het om ʼn rekenaar vir internetbankdienste te gebruik nie.
Laastens, om die aanvaarding van selfoonbankwese te versterk, moet
bemarkingskommunikasiemateriaal die ooreenkomste tussen internet en selfoonbankwese
op so ʼn wyse beklemtoon dat verwagtingsoordrag tussen die twee kanale
gedragsvoornemens om selfoonbankdienste te aanvaar, beïnvloed.
Verskeie aanbevelings spruit voort uit die resultate oor hoe die voortgesette gebruik van
selfoonbankdienste verhoog kan word. Eerstens moet bemarkingskommunikasieboodskappe die gelyktydige gebruikers van internet en selfoonbankwese herinner waarom
hulle selfoonbankdienste gebruik. Die belangrikste rede in hierdie verband is die nuttigheid
van selfoonbankwese in situasies waar internetbankfasiliteringsomstandighede afwesig is.
Bemarkingsbestuurders moet ook in ag neem dat selfoonbankgebruikers nie op
internetbankvertroue en risikowaarnemings steun om persepsies oor die nuttigheid van
selfoonbankwese te vorm nie. Hulle oorweeg waarskynlik net vertroue en risikopersepsies
wat direk met selfoonbankdienste verband hou. Hierdie gevolgtrekking beklemtoon die
belangrikheid van vertroue in selfoonbankdienste en riskowaarnemings in voortgesette
selfoonbankgebruikgedrag.
Laastens, die studie kwantifiseer die invloed van kognitiewe evaluering oor
internetbankwese in die vorming van selfoonbankwese gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette
gebruiksvoorneme. Veral in die lig van hierdie resultaat bied die studie waardevolle
inligting vir selfoonbankdiensbemarkingsbestuurders. Die metodes wat gebruik is, kan ook
verdere studies waarin kruiskanaalevaluerings in ʼn multikanaal-bemarkingskonteks
ondersoek word, rig.
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