This diploma thesis primarily focuses on thermal modification of wood with superheated steam and its effect on elasticity and strength. The sample tested was 200 pcs of bending samples and 200 pcs compressive samples of European beech. These samples were divided into ten groups. One group was referential and the remaining nine groups were modified using different temperatures and during different time intervals. The main goal was to determine density, modulus of elasticity and rupture and to discover their dependence on the chosen mode of modification. The next part contains the analysis of the effect of thermal modification with superheated steam on the acoustic properties and the colour of wood. In the last part, the mass loss and the change in equilibrium moisture content was analysed in relation to the modification mode.

Title: Influence of modified games on the quantity of game combinations of primary school age floorball players Objectives: The aim of this work was to find out the effect of prepared training programme on quantity of passing, team cooperation and quantity of shots. The research was aimed on passing accuracy (passing quality) after ball carrying, quantity of passes in training match on smaller pitch. The number of the players was 3 on 3 there. It was also aimed on quantity of passes in league match on standard pitch. There were 5 players against 5. At the end of the training programme, we made revisory tests to assess a positive effect of the programme. Methods: We used a method of an experiment. At first, there were preliminary tests before an adjusted training program so that we got input data. Then we applied adjusted training programme and then there were another control tests to get output data. The programme included both modified games and game-like drills. During the tests, we used participant observation. Results: The results showed an increase of quantity in all tests. But only in passing accuracy after ball carrying test and in quantity of passes in league match the results were statistically significant. The other test showed no statistical significance. Keywords: game, modification,...

This thesis examines the influence of microwave pretreatment of wood modification and Bethell impregnation methods on the treatability of Norway spruce (Picea abies) in consideration with its mechanical properties. The aim of this work was to establish the intake of impregnants (preservatives) and the depth of penetration in transverse direction of each treatment group with impregnated specimens. Further experimental examinations that were focused on the assessment of mechanical wood properties and the comparison with references (non-impregnated specimens) followed. Results showed that the intake of impregnants and the depth of penetration increases with time (modification) of the impregnation treatment. In contrast, microwave wood treatment actually decreases those values. Neither microwave modification nor adjustment of impregnation method had an influence on mechanical wood properties.

Brewers spent grain (BSG) is an abundant waste material from the brewing process, representing approximately 85% of total by-products generated, is rich in cellulose and non-cellulosic polysaccharides and has a strong potential to be recycled. One of the main components of the BSG is protein, which has a potential to be extracted, modified and used as an adhesive for the woodworking adhesive. This work deals with the protein extraction through alkali treatment and its subsequent modification, crosslinking with glyoxal. The crosslinked adhesive was tested through ABES method to find, that ideal content of glyoxal is 20%. Subsequent adjusted standard tests for the lap shear strength and bend strength (MOE and MOR values) were used to compare its values to commercially available PVAc adhesive. The lap shear strength results were 2,7 times lower to PVAc, the bend strength values were, on the other hand, 1,5 times higher. The PVAc was partially replaced (50 and 25%) by the protein adhesive showing that the extracted adhesive could serve as a partial replacement to lower the ecological impact of the PVAc adhesive.

The diploma thesis "Social Environment and Physical Modifications of Adolescents - a Contribution to Social Pedagogy" deals with the issue of physical modifications as a widespread phenomenon today. It focuses mainly on the two most common forms in today's society: tattoos and piercings. It analyzes the possible causes and motivations (in relation to the social environment) to undergoing visual changes to their own body. The pedagogical aspect of the work is the focused on the family environment, life patterns of respondents and peer groups. Part of the theses is devoted to the school environment. The first part deals with the theoretical insight into the issue, the importance of body modifications, the definition of adolescence, self- concept and social environment. The practical part contains interviews with respondents, which were implemented using a semi-structured interview and then analyzed and interpreted.

CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate: Aneta Ptáčková Supervisor: PharmDr. Lukáš Lochman, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Modification of capillary wall by graphene for separation applications Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a highly efficient separation method. Substances are separated due to their different mobility in an electric field. The CE modes of operation can be modified in different ways, e.g. capillary electrochromatography or micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Modification of the inner wall of the capillary is believed to help improve separation efficiency and selectivity. Graphene is carbon with a hexagonal structure in form of two-dimensional sp2 single-atom-thick sheets. Graphene seems to be a suitable material for separation application due to its excellent properties such as large surface area and affinity to aromatic ring through π-π interactions. Our work is focused on the modification of the capillary wall by graphene. One of the methods of capillary wall modification is the Layer-by-Layer method via layering of differently charged substances bounded by electrostatic forces. Another method is chemical coating employing covalent interactions. Different combinations of polymers...

This thesis describes a study of the influence of surface texturing on rolling contact fatigue of non-conformal contacts. The texture depth and density have been considered during experiments. It also presents the methodology and the procedure of creation of micro-dents on sample surfaces. Described results suggested that properly designed surface texturing should not necessarily increase the risk of fatigue failure of rubbing surfaces.

Introduction: The epigenetic modifications can significantly affect and alter the gene activity by regulating their expression, having direct impact on various processes in human body. Epigenetic processes are involved in ethiopathogenesis of many diseases. From this point of view, MHC genes are very important as they were linked to many autoimmune disorders, for example type 1 diabetes mellitus. In general autoimmune diseases appear to be connected to certain MHC class II genes. Aims: The aim of this thesis is to determine the relationship between expression levels and histone modifications present in the promoter area of MHC class II gene, DQA1. Moreover, we also analyze and compare the DQA1 gene mRNA expression depending on the QAP promoter allele. Methods: We isolated both nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and leukocytes from peripheral blood samples collected from voluntary donors. DNA was utilized for genotypization of individuals. RNA was subjected to reverse transcription and the quantitative PCR was performed in order to determine the level of expression. Leukocytes were used for chromatin immunoprecipitation, which was evaluated using quantitative PCR. Results: The expression level of QAP allele 3.1 was found to be higher than for the rest of the alleles Allele 4.1A showed, on the other hand,...

Title: Compensatory exercise in synchronized swimming Aims: The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out the effect of movement intervention on compensating the deviations in the posture related to muscle imbalance and to influence the feeling of muscular tension of the back muscles in the girls of synchronized swimming TJ Tábor. Methods: The diploma thesis is elaborated by the form of qualitative research with elements of quantitative research. The experiment was attended by eight probes with deviations in the posture. A physical intervention in the form of compensatory exercise was introduced to influence the muscular dysbalance in the fuselage region. The research was conducted from October 2016 to May 2017. The research methods consisted of the examination of aspects using a plumb line in the sagittal and frontal plane. Depending on the subjective sensation, probands marked the muscular tension of the back muscles on the modified VAS. Results: The obtained data were processed by the statistical method (relative analysis). The results showed a positive effect on the body's position in the sagittal and frontal plane. Interventions also positively influenced subjective feelings of muscle tension. Keywords: synchronized swimming, posture, compensatory exercise, muscle tension, VAS modification

This dissertation thesis deals with the evaluation of biocompatibility and osseointegration of nanostructured titanium materials used for dental implants. Bulk material topography and surface modification of titanium are currently of intense research mainly due to the significant impact on biocompatibility and improvement of osseointegration of dental implants. In the theoretical part are described types of titanium material and different methods of its surface modification. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and osseointegration tests are described as well. The experimental work consists of two parts of experiments. In the first experiment, we examined how grain size of nanostructured titanium material influences the behaviour of fibroblastic as well as osteoblastic cells growth on its surface. The experimentally obtained data were statistically analysed and discussed. Grain size was proven to be an important factor that influenced not only the strength of material but also its interactions with cells. The second experiment describes current methods used in the experimental evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants. The results of histological staining methods are illustrated and compared. A standardized and reproducible technique for stereological quantification of bone-implant contact...