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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Konstrukční návrh průběžného mísiče o výkonu 1-3 tun/hod / The design of sand mixer with output range 1-3 TPH

Bilský, Adam January 2012 (has links)
The aim of the master’s thesis is to design continuous mixer for preparation of molding compounds on the performance of 1 – 3 t/hour. The first part of the thesis contains recherché from molding compound and molding compound mixers field. In the next part there is an own design of mixer containing basic calculations and strength analysis by FEM. Part of the thesis is also 3D model of the whole machine as well as drawing documentation of selected parts. At the end of thesis partial risk analysis by FMEA is made.
2

Investigating the Effect of Thermal Stresses on the Hollow Glass Microsphere/Polyester Composites Interfacial strength by Acoustic Emission Method

Mousavi Khalkhali, Zeinab January 2016 (has links)
The effect of coatings on the interfacial strength of a hollow glass microsphere/polyester composite and their capacity to endure thermal stresses were studied by mechanical testing and an active Acoustic Emission (AE) method. AE was postulated to provide more local information at or near the glass/polyester interface due to the sensitivity of elastic waves to the rigidity of polymer chains at the glass sphere/polyester interface compared to mechanical testing. Three frequency ranges identified by multivariate statistics yet consolidated for the initial analysis into a band of 140-240 kHz, were found to be changing with the different coated glass filler for different glass content and heating state. Considering the acoustic behavior of the composites containing different levels of glass sphere content (1-10 vol%), a lower concentration (aminoethylamino)-propyl-trimethoxy silane coated glass (AS6), demonstrated the lowest attenuation after heating (associated with higher interfacial strength). As anticipated, the highest attenuation after heating was observed for uncoated glass (16K) due to expectedly weaker associations. Mechanical testing results after heating were consistent with the AE response for AS6 and 16K for this frequency range. Trends in amplitude for the three narrower, frequency ranges of 130-160 kHz, 180-220 kHz and 230-260 kHz were compared against that of 140-240 kHz and very small differences were observed. It was found that the frequency range of 130-60 kHz was more descriptive of the changes of interfacial strength in composites (at 10 vol%), being consistent with the mechanical test results. Considering the AE response at 130-160 kHz and mechanical data, higher concentration (aminoethylamino)-propyl-trimethoxy silane (AS12), better endured thermal stresses compared to other coatings. A smaller trial looked at the effect of moisture aging and subsequent thermal cycling on the glass/polymer interface strength as another method to perturb the interface. Attenuation for the band of 180-260 kHz was studied for aged versus non-aged composites. The commercial coating, L21 demonstrated a better moisture resistance before and after thermal cycling compared to uncoated glass spheres. An improved evaluation of interfacial strength in glass/polyester was expected using AE technique versus mechanical testing due to its higher sensitivity to changes in internal structure, however; no significant improvement compared to mechanical testing was observed, at least based on the analysis technique currently being used. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc) / Sheet molded compound (SMC) is a polymer material reinforced by fibers providing a combination of light weight and high mechanical properties and is used in automotive industry. Light weight fillers (hollow glass microspheres) are used to obtain further weight reduction; however, addition of these fillers leads to reduced mechanical properties and further problems during painting process known as ‘paint popping’. The former is due to uncertain interfacial state between polymer and fillers and the latter results from different thermal expansion behavior of the polymer and filler materials while the material is exposed to high temperatures for painting process. This research aims to devise a highly sensitive technique and evaluate its suitability compared to mechanical testing for investigation of the origin of aforementioned problems. Acoustic Emission (AE) is a method with high sensitivity to changes in internal structure of the material which is postulated to provide a better insight on material microstructure compared to more commonly used method i.e. mechanical testing. Use of interfacial controlling agents was examined to reduce the problems as a result of introduction of fillers. The effect of using surface modified fillers and the effect of thermal stresses on material was investigated using AE technique. Application of AE method in this study provided a good insight about the changes in material internal structure; however, it did not demonstrate a significant improvement in detecting the origins of studied problems compared to mechanical testing at least based on the analysis technique used in this study.
3

Selecting Best Compromises among Performance Measures during In-Mold Coating of Sheet Molding Compound Compression Molding Parts

Ko, Seunghyun 14 August 2015 (has links)
No description available.
4

Manufacturing of Mechanical Supporting Foamed Sheets by Processing Free Flowing Phenolic Molding Compounds via Foam Extrusion

Methe, Daniel 19 December 2019 (has links)
Manufacturing of Mechanical Supporting Foamed Sheets by processing Free Flowing Phenolic Molding Compounds with the Foam Extrusion and its Characterization
5

Compréhension et optimisation de la dispersion du carbonate de calcium dans une résine polyester insaturée / Comprehension and optimization of a calcium carbonate dispersion in an unsatured polyester resin

Kiehl, Julien 19 September 2012 (has links)
L’objectif de ce travail est d’adapter une formulation dispersante mise au point par la société Mäder à la dispersion de carbonate de calcium (CaCO3) dans une résine polyester insaturée (UP). Le carbonate de calcium est utilisé en tant que charge dans les matériaux composites à matrice thermodurcissable et en particulier dans les SMC (Sheet Molding Compound). Le rôle de cette formulation est de diminuer les viscosités de résines UP fortement chargées tout en conservant voire en améliorant les propriétés mécaniques des composites formés par un renforcement de l’interface charge / matrice. Trois grands axes ont été développés au cours de ce travail : - le comportement rhéologique d’un mélange CaCO3/résine UP a été déterminé et la formulation dispersante a été optimisée ; - la nature des interactions entre les différents constituants de la formulation dispersante et la surface du CaCO3 a été mise en évidence ; - de nouveaux polymères permettant une dispersion plus efficace de la charge dans la résine ont été synthétisés. Le mélange CaCO3 / résine UP présente un comportement rhéologique complexe. L’optimisation de la formulation dispersante a permis d’augmenter de plusieurs pourcents le taux de charge tout en conservant des viscosités inférieures à celle autorisée par le procédé industriel. L’étude des interactions des constituants de la formulation avec le carbonate de calcium a permis de déterminer les fonctions les plus réactives et de comprendre leur interaction avec la surface de la charge. La synthèse de nouveaux dispersants a également été effectuée. Ces derniers ont ensuite été testés dans l’application et ont montré une efficacité à disperser le CaCO3 dans la résine UP. / The aim of this study is to adapt a dispersive formulation developed by the Mäder group to the dispersion of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in an unsaturated polyester resin (UP). The CaCO3 is commonly used as filler in the domain of composites especially for Sheet Molding Compound (SMC). This dispersive formulation is able to decrease the viscosity of UP resin containing a high amount of filler. In addition, the mechanical properties of composites could be increased by reinforcing the filler / matrix interface. Three main ways have been studied: - characterization of the rheological behavior of CaCO3 / polyester blends and optimization of the dispersive formulation ; - determination of the interactions between the dispersive formulation components and the CaCO3 surface ; - synthesis of new polymers in order to improve the CaCO3 dispersion in an organic matrix. A complex rheological behavior has been observed for CaCO3 / polyester blends. The dispersive formulation improvement led to an increasing of the filler percentage by keeping the viscosity under the industrial limit. The most reactive functions with the CaCO3 surface have been identified by studying the interactions between the dispersive formulation components and the CaCO3 surface. New dispersing agents have been synthesized. Their efficiency has been demonstrated for the dispersion of CaCO3 in a UP resin.
6

Spritzgießtechnische Herstellung duroplastgebundener Dauermagnete

Maenz, Torsten 25 October 2018 (has links)
Kunststoffgebundene Dauermagnete kommen bereits seit einem dreiviertel Jahrhundert in diversen Anwendungen zum Einsatz. Dabei werden die gängigen Kunststoffverarbeitungsverfahren wie beispielsweise Spritzgießen, Extrudieren, Pressen und Kalandrieren angewandt. Ähnlich zu der Aufteilung in der Verarbeitung von herkömmlichen Kunststoffen, werden auch für die kunststoffgebundenen Dauermagnete nur selten duroplastische Matrixmaterialien im Spritzgießverfahren eingesetzt. Dabei bringt gerade diese Werkstoffklasse hervorragende Eigenschaften mit sich, die eine Verbesserung der Eigenschaften von kunststoffgebundenen Dauermagneten zur Folge haben können. Neben der Medien- und Temperaturbeständigkeit dieser Werkstoffklasse spielt dabei auch deren Viskosität eine bedeutende Rolle für diese Anwendung. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit soll geprüft werden, ob der Einsatz duroplastischer Matrixmaterialien zu einer Verbesserung der Eigenschaften kunststoffgebundener Dauermagnete führen kann. Hierfür werden anisotrope Magnetpartikel in den Kunststoff eincompoundiert und während der Verarbeitung im Spritzgießverfahren orientiert. Dies geschieht durch ein integriertes Magnetfeld im Spritzgießwerkzeug. Insbesondere sollen der Einfluss des Matrixmaterials, der Partikelgeometrie, der Fließrichtung sowie des Richtfeldes auf die Partikelorientierung untersucht werden. Zusammen mit grundlegenden analytischen Untersuchungen der Ausgangsmaterialien sollen abschließend Richtlinien für eine Bauteilauslegung definiert und erste Ansätze für eine Simulation der magnetischen Bauteileigenschaften erarbeitet werden. / Polymer bonded magnets are used for different applications for over 70 years yet. These materials are produced within known polymer processing procedures as injection molding, extruding, compression molding and calendaring. However, as for standard plastics thermoset materials are seldom used in injection molding even though they show great potential regarding temperature and media resistance as well as in terms of a low viscosity. These properties could be of use in case of polymer bonded magnets. Within this work the use of thermoset matrix materials for polymer bonded magnets should be evaluated and thus their properties shall be improved. Therefore anistotropic magnetic particles will be incorporated in the thermoset matrix and they will be oriented during the injection molding process which requires a magnetic field in the cavity during processing. Especially the influences of the matrix material, the particle geometry, the flow direction and the aligning field on the particle orientation should be investigated and together with fundamental analytical procedures guidelines for engineering of parts should be generated as well as first approaches for a simulation of the part properties shall be given.
7

Strukturbildung bei der Verarbeitung von glasfasergefüllten Phenolformaldehydharzformmassen / Effects of the processing on the structure of glass fiber filled phenolic molding compounds

Englich, Sascha 18 September 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Werkstoffe auf Basis duroplastischer Harze besitzen exzellente Gebrauchseigenschaften für viele Bereiche des industriellen Einsatzes. Vor allem durch die Spritzgießverarbeitung rieselfähiger duroplastischer Formmassen entsteht ein hohes Substitutionspotential gegenüber Bauteilen aus Metallen oder Hochleistungsthermoplasten. Jedoch führen bestehende Erkenntnisdefizite im Prozessverständnis zu Ressentiments hinsichtlich des Einsatzes duroplastischer Werkstoffe. Ziel der Untersuchungen dieser Arbeit war die Ermittlung und Analyse der prozessinduzierten Werkstoffstruktur von spritzgegossenen technischen Phenolharzformteilen. Dabei wurden zum einen das Füllen der Werkzeugkavität und die sich ausbildende Faserorientierung untersucht und zum anderen die sich während des Temperns verändernde chemische Struktur. Anhand von Platten- sowie Zugprüfkörpern wurden sowohl beim Spritzgießen als auch beim Tempern Parametervariationen durchgeführt und die jeweils resultierende Werkstoffstruktur sowie deren Einfluss auf die Formteileigenschaften analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Strömungsverhältnisse während der Werkzeugfüllung stark von den Prozessparametern und der Werkstoffzusammensetzung abhängig sind. Dadurch wird auch die Faserorientierung beeinflusst, sodass im Formteil lokal und richtungsabhängig stark unterschiedliche Eigenschaften entstehen können. Darüber hinaus konnte anhand einer alternativen Tempermethode geklärt werden, warum es beim Tempern zu einem Abfall der mechanischen Eigenschaften kommt und eine Möglichkeit zur Vermeidung gegeben werden. / Because of their excellent properties, thermosets can be applied in a bright range of industrial applications. Especially thermoset molding compounds can be processed highly effective by injection molding, which enables them to substitute metals or high performance thermoplastics. But there is a deficit in process understanding, which limits the industrial application. The objective of this work is the investigation and analysis of the process induced material structure of injection molded technical phenolic components. Therefor the filling of the cavity with the resulting fiber orientation and the chemical processes during post-curing were examined. A parameter variation with injection molded plate and tensile specimens were done and the resulting material structure and the effect on the component properties were analyzed. The results show a big influence of the process parameter and the material on the flow condition during the filling of the cavity. Thereby also the fiber orientation is affected. This leads to process-depending local and direction-depending properties. In addition, this work shows an alternative method for post-curing to avoid the decrease of mechanical properties.
8

Strukturbildung bei der Verarbeitung von glasfasergefüllten Phenolformaldehydharzformmassen

Englich, Sascha 23 July 2015 (has links)
Werkstoffe auf Basis duroplastischer Harze besitzen exzellente Gebrauchseigenschaften für viele Bereiche des industriellen Einsatzes. Vor allem durch die Spritzgießverarbeitung rieselfähiger duroplastischer Formmassen entsteht ein hohes Substitutionspotential gegenüber Bauteilen aus Metallen oder Hochleistungsthermoplasten. Jedoch führen bestehende Erkenntnisdefizite im Prozessverständnis zu Ressentiments hinsichtlich des Einsatzes duroplastischer Werkstoffe. Ziel der Untersuchungen dieser Arbeit war die Ermittlung und Analyse der prozessinduzierten Werkstoffstruktur von spritzgegossenen technischen Phenolharzformteilen. Dabei wurden zum einen das Füllen der Werkzeugkavität und die sich ausbildende Faserorientierung untersucht und zum anderen die sich während des Temperns verändernde chemische Struktur. Anhand von Platten- sowie Zugprüfkörpern wurden sowohl beim Spritzgießen als auch beim Tempern Parametervariationen durchgeführt und die jeweils resultierende Werkstoffstruktur sowie deren Einfluss auf die Formteileigenschaften analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Strömungsverhältnisse während der Werkzeugfüllung stark von den Prozessparametern und der Werkstoffzusammensetzung abhängig sind. Dadurch wird auch die Faserorientierung beeinflusst, sodass im Formteil lokal und richtungsabhängig stark unterschiedliche Eigenschaften entstehen können. Darüber hinaus konnte anhand einer alternativen Tempermethode geklärt werden, warum es beim Tempern zu einem Abfall der mechanischen Eigenschaften kommt und eine Möglichkeit zur Vermeidung gegeben werden. / Because of their excellent properties, thermosets can be applied in a bright range of industrial applications. Especially thermoset molding compounds can be processed highly effective by injection molding, which enables them to substitute metals or high performance thermoplastics. But there is a deficit in process understanding, which limits the industrial application. The objective of this work is the investigation and analysis of the process induced material structure of injection molded technical phenolic components. Therefor the filling of the cavity with the resulting fiber orientation and the chemical processes during post-curing were examined. A parameter variation with injection molded plate and tensile specimens were done and the resulting material structure and the effect on the component properties were analyzed. The results show a big influence of the process parameter and the material on the flow condition during the filling of the cavity. Thereby also the fiber orientation is affected. This leads to process-depending local and direction-depending properties. In addition, this work shows an alternative method for post-curing to avoid the decrease of mechanical properties.
9

Nanostructuration de résines polyester insaturé par des copolymères à blocs : application aux composites SMC et BMC / Nanostructuration of unsaturated polyester resins by block copolymers : application to SMC and BMC composites

Lamy, Yoann 06 September 2012 (has links)
On s’intéresse dans cette étude au potentiel de copolymères à blocs (BCP) de types PBA-b-P(MMA-co-DMA) et PBA-b-P(BA-co-DMA) en tant qu’additifs multifonctionnels nanostructurant la matrice thermodurcissable polyester insaturé de composites SMC et BMC. La nanostructuration de la résine polyester insaturé (UPR) est assurée par la ségrégation du bloc élastomère poly(acrylate de butyle), ainsi que par la miscibilité du deuxième bloc dans le réseau grâce à la bonne compatibilité des motifs diméthylacrylamide (auto-assemblage). Ces BCP sont tout d’abord étudiés en tant qu’agents renforçants et anti-retrait dans les composites SMC et BMC, en étant substitués et comparés aux additifs anti-retrait conventionnels PVAc et P(MMA-co-S) incorporés traditionnellement afin de compenser le retrait de la résine polyester. Ces additifs nanostructurants sont ensuite évalués en tant qu’agents de mûrissement des compounds SMC. La nanostructuration des BCP dans la résine UP réactive pouvant entrainer une importante augmentation de la viscosité (formation d’un gel), ces additifs pourraient peut-être constituer des agents de mûrissement plus efficaces que l’oxyde de magnésium couramment utilisé à cet effet. Une étude des matrices [UPR + BCP, UPR + PVAc et UPR + P(MMA-co-S)] est réalisée dans un premier temps, les composites BMC et SMC chargés par du carbonate de calcium et renforcés par des fibres de verre étant étudiés par la suite. En absence de charges et de fibres de verre (matrice seule), la nanostructuration est moins efficace que la macroséparation de phase des additifs conventionnels PVAc et P(MMA-co-S) pour compenser le retrait du réseau polyester. Dans un composite en revanche, la nanostructuration conduit à une compensation du retrait intermédiaire entre celles du P(MMA-co-S) et du PVAc. Au niveau de la matrice seule, la nanostructuration permet d’éviter une diminution conséquente de l’énergie de rupture du réseau polyester et permet même dans certains cas une amélioration significative de cette dernière, alors que les additifs conventionnels engendrent un effondrement de cette propriété. Cette différence est cependant beaucoup moins visible dans le cas des composites, les charges entrainant une fissuration prématurée de la matrice. Un composite nanostructuré peut tout de même présenter un renforcement significatif par rapport aux composites conventionnels lorsqu’il contient des nanovides compensateurs de retrait de tailles conséquentes qui améliorent la ténacité du matériau. En ce qui concerne le mûrissement d’un compound SMC par nanostructuration au cours du refroidissement (passage de la transition ordre-désordre), si l’augmentation de la viscosité d’un système réactif UPR + BCP semble suffisamment importante et abrupte, elle est cependant insuffisante en présence des charges ou alors intervient à une température trop faible en raison de l’influence de ces dernières sur la nanostructuration. / The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of PBA-b-P(MMA-co-DMA) and PBA-b-P(BA-co-DMA) block copolymers (BCP) as multifunctional additives nanostructuring the unsaturated polyester thermosetting matrix of SMC and BMC composites. The nanostructuration of the unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) is ensured by the segregation of the poly(butyl acrylate) elastomeric block, and by the miscibility of the second block in the thermoset thanks to the good compatibility of dimethylacrylamide units (self-assembly). These BCP are first studied as reinforcing and anti-shrinkage agents in SMC and BMC composites, as compared to conventional low profile additives PVAc and P(MMA-co-S) traditionally blended to compensate the polyester resin shrinkage. These nanostructuring additives are then studied as thickening agents in SMC compounds. As the nanostructuration of BCP in the UP reactive resin can lead to a high viscosity increase (gel formation), BCP might provide a more efficient thickening than the conventional additive magnesium oxide. Matrices are studied first [UPR + BCP, UPR + PVAc and UPR + P(MMA-co-S)], BMC and SMC composites filled with calcium carbonate and reinforced by chopped glass fibres being then considered. In the absence of fillers and fibres (neat matrix), the nanostructuration is less efficient than the macrophase separation of PVAc and P(MMA-co-S) to compensate the polyester resin shrinkage. However, in a composite, the nanostructuration leads to an intermediate shrinkage compensation between those of P(MMA-co-S) and PVAc. In the neat matrix, the nanostructuration avoids a substantial decrease of polyester network toughness and can even lead sometimes to a significant reinforcement, whereas conventional additives decrease tremendously this property. However, this difference is not observed in composites, fillers giving rise to an early cracking of the matrix. A nanostructured composite can still present a significant reinforcement compared to conventional composites when it contains large nanovoids (compensating shrinkage) which improve the fracture toughness of the material. As regards the thickening of an SMC compound by nanostructuration during cooling (crossing of the order-disorder transition), the viscosity increase of a UPR + BCP reactive system seems important and sharp enough, but in the presence of fillers the viscosity increase is not sufficient or the order-disorder transition temperature is too low because of the influence of fillers on the nanostructuration.

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