Purpose: This article is an overview of scholarly monographs on rock music from 1980 to the present. It provides an overview to the literature for practical purposes of collections development as well as giving the reader insight into key issues and trends related to a interdisciplinary topic that attracts scholars from many disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. Design/methodology/approach: This bibliographic essay, focusing on works related to American culture and of a general nature, includes an overview and historical background; a discussion of how music and ethnomusiciological scholars approach the topic; geographic approaches; literature on four key icons (Elvis, Dylan, Springsteen, and Madonna); American studies; subcultures and genres; other methodologies; and concludes by discussing notable recent works. Findings: The scholarly literature on rock incorporates a wide variety of approaches and methodologies. Many music-related scholars appropriate methodology from other disciplines and some non-music-related scholars use the formalistic analysis of music scholars. Authenticity is a major theme in the literature on rock. Originality/value: This essay covers the widest range of monographs on the topic, providing insight into not only the key scholars but also the diversity of approaches to the topic. The historical approach to the literature gives the reader a sense of how the academic discourse on rock has evolved. This essay is of interest to librarians, scholars of rock music, and others concerned with how American scholarship in the humanities and the social sciences has grown since the advent of cultural studies.

The aim of this thesis is to understand the conservation and transformation problems of railway heritage and to prepare a conservation and transformation principles for Iskenderun railway area. Primarily, it is tried to understand the historical process and the current situation of conservation of railway areas. In addition, in this study theoretical and historical framework of transformation of railway areas is developed in the light of international charters and documents. Transformation examples from Turkey and Europe were searched with analyzing the railway system and transformation approaches of the countries. In order to prepare a conservation and transformation principles for Iskenderun terminus area, considering the direct relation of the railway site with the port site, a wide border including the port for the study area is chosen and a detailed analyzes were done for whole area. For this study, the major concern is establishing strong principles in different scales. It is important to guide each conservation and transformation projects in Turkey. For rooted solutions, regulations have to start in the transformation strategies and railway policy.

In Turkey, one of the main problems of architecture and urban design seem to be the rapid transformation of physical environments, street experiences, and consequently the transformation of collective memory. One consequence of this basic problem can be the loss of the meaning of urban space. This calls for an historical examination of salient features of urban space that compose the collective memory. In this respect, this thesis aims to explore the changing physical characteristics of the boulevards through examining the transformation of collective memory. To provide empirical evidence for this, the thesis will study the transformation of collective memory of inhabitants from different age groups about the Atat&uuml / rk Boulevard, by exploring the changing salient features of urban space and human experiences in space through a period of the last 60 years.

ABSTRACT URBAN FISSURE: RECONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE LAND WALLS WITHIN THE URBAN MILIEU OF ISTANBUL Bas B&uuml / t&uuml / ner, Funda Ph.D. Department of City and Regional Planning Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Baykan G&uuml / nay Co-Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Namik Erkal December 2010, 306 pages The major intention of this thesis is to introduce a new concept &ndash / urban fissure- to discuss the positionality and spatiality of city walls within contemporary urban milieus. Besides being an architectural defense structure, covering a considerable amount of land in cities, city walls have always been an important urban component. Land Walls has been a unique example of city walls that have existed for 15 centuries as an untouchable object in a metropolitan city like Istanbul. After the Ottoman Conquest in 1453, Land Walls lost their major defense purpose, and became a part of civilian life. From that time until the mid-20th century they loosely marked the west edge of the city. However, in the second half of the 20th century, with the enormous expansion of Istanbul, Land Walls have remained in the middle of the city. Throughout their history, they have produced a diversity of spaces, uses and traditions. Their unusual structure, and their complex spatiality including spaces adjoining and around them have generated several challenging processes. They have raised uncertainties and sometimes problems not only in spatial terms, but also in regulations and implementations. In this respect, regarding their current positionality and spatiality, this thesis argues Land Walls and walled zone as an urban fissure which is supposed to make them legible within the urban milieu of Istanbul.

The main subject of the thesis is &ldquo / interpretation&rdquo / and &ldquo / presentation&rdquo / of cultural and natural heritage sites which is an important phenomenon providing sustainability and protection of the heritage sites. Interpretation and conservation are tightly associated to each other. Individuals will learn more about the heritage site by the help of interpretation and as a result of understanding / they will have an intention to protect the historic site more / and protection will ensure continuity of the site. Interpretation and presentation of heritage sites is put into the words in Turkish Legislation by the definition of &ldquo / Environmental Design Project&rdquo / in `Amendment Act No. 5226 Concerning to Revision of Legislation Called as Law Concerning to Conservation of Natural and Cultural Entities` in 2004. In the legislation, it is stated that Environmental Design Projects which propose strategies for effective presentation, control visitor use, provide promotion and advertisement, solve problems emerged as a result of current use and circulation and answer the needs of historic sites by contemporary tools and methods must be prepared for each heritage site in Turkey. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to define principles for effective interpretation and presentation on the selected case according to analysis and evaluations and then propose brand new comprehensive and complementary Environmental Design Project. The case selected in the thesis for the proposition of Environmental Design Project is G&ouml / reme Open Air Museum &ndash / GOAM in Cappadocia which is Turkey&rsquo / s third most visited open air museum after Ephesus in Izmir and Hierapolis in Denizli. The two main reasons for the selection of GOAM are absence of comprehensive and complementary Environmental Design Project in GOAM and insufficiency of current interpretive facilities and visitor services presented in the museum as indicated in the decisions of Nevsehir Regional Council for Conservation of Cultural Entities. Focusing on the aim, thesis is structured in three parts which are interconnected to each other as the theoretical background of the interpretation and presentation in the world and in Turkish legislations, analysis and evaluation of the selected case and finally preliminary decisions and project proposal. To conclude, &ldquo / Environmental Design Project&rdquo / is an important tool for understanding the significance of the museum and providing easygoing and enjoyable visit for the museum visitors according to the values, problems and potentials of GOAM. In that respect, proposing environmental design project is critical in order to satisfy visitor needs during their museum visit and provide safeguarding of GOAM.

From the middle of 20th century, as a result of devastating effects of world wars conservation activities intensified on the protection in area scale. Together with central government and local authorities, the owner or the user of the building, entrepreneurs, groups, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and society were meant to be included in the process. Today, local authorities play important role in the implementation of the restoration or street rehabilitation projects. Today in Turkey, municipalities are the second most important actors in the field of conservation after Ministry of Culture and Tourism. There are seen important changes after 1980s in Turkey in the field of conservation, which are that the localization in conservation increased and the role of local governments became more important. From the beginning of 2000s, the power of municipalities increases with the transfer of decision-making power to the municipalities. In this thesis, the role of local authorities in the field of conservation was discussed with the case of Hamam&ouml / n&uuml / -Ankara, a good example of the conservation implementation of a local authority showing the approach and study process of the municipality. Before explaining implementations of Altindag Municipality in Hamam&ouml / n&uuml / and their different effects on site and the people / a short start giving general information about development of role of local authorities in the field of conservation throughout the world was done and the legislative process in Turkey was stated. Moreover, after the assessment of implementation under different titles, some proposals for future of Hamam&ouml / n&uuml / were done.

Urban decline is one of the most important factors dealing with the creation of urban ills and formation of slums in the city centers. This study investigates the roots of urban decline in urban areas. In order to do so, symptoms, types, causes and participant factors dealing with the process of urban decline are investigated. Also functional decline, as one of the most important triggers of urban decline, is introduced and its force that results in low quality of urban places is explored. The scale of participant factors in the process of functional decline is various. These factors are observed from changes in the global political trends and economy till the regulation changes in local scale. Moreover the ways of talking with urban and functional decline, that is classified into four major category of political considerations, economic financing, planning policy and enhancing the quality of places are explored. Finally the forces of urban and functional decline that have lead to low quality of place in the case of Salipazari, Istanbul are examined. As the scale of study area is in the neighborhood scale, the most important concern will be on the low quality of place in exploring decline in this area.

Two methods for control of swarms are described. The first of these methods, the Virtual Attractive-Repulsive (VARP) method, is based on potentials defined between swarm elements. The second control method, or the abstraction method, is based on controlling the macroscopic characteristics of a swarm. The derivation of a new control law based on the second method is described. Numerical simulation and analytical interpretation of the result is also presented.

In this study, the effect of pipe-soil relative stiffness on the behaviour of buried flexible pipes was investigated considering the pipe size, material type, stiffness, pipe-soil and natural soil-backfill interfaces and geometry of the trench using the finite element method. For this purpose, a parametric study was conducted to examine the effect of different variables on the resulting earth loads and deformations imposed on the buried pipes. Various types of trench pipe-soil cases were analysed for a certain natural ground and backfill material by the PLAXIS finite element code which allows simulating non-linear soil behaviour, the stages of construction as well as the pipe-soil interaction aspects of the problem. Loads and deformations obtained by the finite element method were compared with those calculated by the conventional approaches for different pipe-soil stiffness ratios. The finite element results obtained for the deformation of typically flexible Polyethylene pipes were then used to back-calculate the range of modulus of soil reaction, E&#039 / , values for various pipe-soil relative stiffness and they were compared with the suggested value proposed by Howard (1977).

In the recent past, people were used to consult health care professionals or textbooks in order to find answer to health related questions. Now, the availability of medical information through electronic resources has changed people&lsquo / s information-seeking behaviors and, as a result, electronic information resources have become very popular and frequently used for health related searches. This study examines the online health information-seeking behaviors of middle aged and older people from Middle East Technical University and 100. Yil neighbourhood, specially demographic and other factors effecting online health information seeking, the types of sought online health information, assessment of the online health information, and reliability criteria of middle aged and older online health information seekers. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to participants. The final sample was 248 middle aged and older people. Findings show that middle aged and older employees from Middle East Technical University and 100. Yil neighbourhood are searching for health information especially for specific illnesses. They are using this information to self-treat or self-diagnose. Worse health conditions, expertise level in internet usage associates with searching behavior. Majority of the participants trust in information they found online but they do not share it with any health care professional.