Thesis--University of Washington. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [495]-508).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1981. / Vita. Bibliography: leaves [279]-290.

The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 13, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Richard J. Callahan, Jr. Includes bibliographical references.

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No. of bitstreams: 11 NadirComSegParaExtract11.pdf: 65474 bytes, checksum: d7899d749f25c8c149d2c655061236d2 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract10.pdf: 54344 bytes, checksum: 2c18611726cc6392fba8a8182a8b94c5 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract09.pdf: 64190 bytes, checksum: 809a37cd82c5f8351b6f62d9469ebce5 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract08.pdf: 56851 bytes, checksum: 0a51fc131da002549f1a78de8a37fa72 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract07.pdf: 6837107 bytes, checksum: bdef8c9274fa48b171ad14dfe1be1a68 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract06.pdf: 7269803 bytes, checksum: 12d7d286324e68064a6d9f207e3c2637 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract05.pdf: 7251246 bytes, checksum: bdf38be244194330e54e1d1fedaedb13 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract04.pdf: 6443699 bytes, checksum: 81a0a3523af8eb352cc3bac3c3be93c8 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract03.pdf: 8165345 bytes, checksum: e70cf358b0f602485e9cd0e9b229303f (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract02.pdf: 20171984 bytes, checksum: ea8f923f15744e5ae4aada398c831d00 (MD5) NadirComSegParaExtract01.pdf: 5130027 bytes, checksum: 9cbc735ce698859717ee4778362cb433 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Esta dissertação destaca a trajetória artística e institucional de Clyde Wesley Morgan, de modo a favorecer estudos analíticos do legado coreográfico e cultural deixado por este profissional, para a dança e sua contextualidade étnica na Bahia. Além disso, consiste em uma análise estética e reflexiva dos processos de criação e encenação do espetáculo coreográfico Porque Oxalá Usa Ekodidé, dirigido por Clyde Wesley Morgan, em 1973, baseado no conto homônimo afro-brasileiro de Deoscóredes dos Santos, identificando suas matrizes estético-culturais (princípios, códigos, vocabulários e conteúdos), assim como as interfaces que apresenta transitando entre a dança e os demais elementos cênicos no espetáculo. O estudo averigua o papel central que a dança ocupa nos processos de concepção, criação e encenação dos trabalhos de Clyde Morgan. Dentre os objetivos desta pesquisa destacam-se: identificar, a partir de um breve enfoque antropológico, a origem e a presença da gestualidade abstraída no espetáculo, refletindo a sua utilização na coreografia do mesmo; ressaltar a contribuição deste coreógrafo como elemento formador e recriador de identidade cultural negra, na Bahia; identificar as principais manifestações afro descendentes que ocorreram na Bahia deste período, reconhecendo como processos propositivos de afirmação e cultura negra. A dança apresentada neste e em outros espetáculos reúne, de forma híbrida e singular, características de diversas matrizes estético-culturais (africanas, européias, brasileira, norte-americana, vocabulários da dança afro-brasileira, balé clássico e dança moderna). Além disso, foi detectado o encontro do tradicional e do moderno, determinando assim um dos mais expressivos resultados da criação proporcionada por Clyde Morgan, que também não perdeu de vista o conjunto de relações sociais e de poder vividos pelo grupo. / Salvador

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El volumen que aquí presentamos esta organizado en 6 capítulos. En el primero se describen resultados conocidos que facilitar´an la lectura de la tesis, el mismo no tiene pretenciones de originalidad. El Capítulo II está organizado en siete secciones. Comenzamos señalando las motivaciones para el estudio de operadores simétricos en las álgebras de De Morgan pseudocomplementadas modales, a las que denominamos S-álgebras. Posteriormente, determinamos las álgebras generadoras de esta variedad y mostramos que es semisimple. A continuación, estudiamos las álgebras finitas y finitamente generadas lo que nos permitió afirmar que es una variedad localmente finita. También determinamos la estructura de las S-álgebras libres con n, (n < !) generadores libres y exhibimos el número de elementos de la misma en función del número de generadores. Completamos el capítulo determinando las condiciones necesarias y suficientes para la existencia de epimorfismos entre S-álgebras finitas. Para ello, debimos realizar un estudio minucioso del espectro primo de las S-álgebras, en particular, probamos que el mismo se puede descomponer como una suma cardinal especial. A partir de estos resultados contabilizamos el número de epimorfimos que es posible definir entre álgebras finitas y mostramos dicho número en casos particulares como las mpM-álgebras, las álgebras de Lukasiewicz-Moisil de orden 3 y las álgebras de Boole. Finalizamos el capítulo describiendo el retículo de las subvariedades de la variedad de las S-álgebras. En el Capítulo III, introducimos y estudiamos las mpM-´algebras enriquecidas con un automorfismo de periodo k, donde k 2 IN, k 2 a las que llamamos Ck-álgebras. Los resultados de este capítulo son la generalización natural de los obtenidos en el capítulo anterior para de las S-álgebras, que son el caso k = 2. Comenzamos presentando las propiedades m´as importantes de esta nueva estructura. Posteriormente, establecemos una correspondencia entre conguencias y c-filtros, (i.e.: ciertos filtros especiales del álgebra) lo que permite determinar la familia de ultrafiltros asociada a cada c-filtro maxinal. Por otra parte, determinamos las condiciones necesarias y suficientes para que una congruencia sea maximal, lo que fue posible considerando una nueva operaci´on binaria, la implicación cíclica, y caracterizando a las congruencias por medio de los sistemas deductivos asociados a está implicación. Además, las propiedades que verifica esta implicación nos permitió mostrar que la variedad de las Ck-álgebras es semisimple. Por otra parte, estudiando el espectro primo de una Ck-álgebra y utilizando técnicas diferentes al caso k = 2, ya que la estructura de las Ck-álgebras es mucho más complejo que de las S-álgebras, determinamos las álgebras generadoras de la variedad. También, mostramos que la variedad es finitamente generada y localmente finita. Por último, determinamos el cardinal de la Ck-álgebra libre con un conjunto de n (n < !) generadores libres en funci´on de los parámetros k y n y verificamos este resultado para los casos k = 1 y k = 2 mostrando que ellos coninciden con los ya obtenidos en [61] y en el Capítulo II de esta tesis, respectivamente. En el Capítulo IV, definimos las mpM-álgebras monádicas (o M-álgebras). A cada álgebra de esta nueva clase ecuacional, la tratamos como un par formado por una mpM- álgebra y un cuantificador existencial. En primer lugar, exhibimos propiedades y mostramos la relación existente entre estas álgebras y otras estructuras conocidas. Además, a partir de una familia especial de sub´algebras de una mpM-álgebra determinamos como obtener todos los cuantificadores que la transforman en unaM-álgebra. A continuación, iniciamos un estudio topológico de las mismas, asociando a cada M-álgebra un espacio compacto, Hausdorff y totalmente disconexo en el orden, enriquecido con una relación de equivalencia, al estilo de las dualidades de Halmos-Priestley. Esta primera representación nos permitió realizar un estudio exhaustivo de las congruencias. En particular, mostramos que existe un isomorfismo entre el retículo de ciertos subconjuntos abiertos, cerrados e involutivos del espacio asociado a una M-álgebra y el retículo de las M−congruencias principales de la misma. Además, probamos que las congruencias principales y booleanas coinciden y en el caso finito determinamos su cardinal. Luego, mostramos que las congruencias principales quedan también determinadas por ciertos filtros especiales del álgebra, completando el estudio de las mismas. Finalmente, terminamos el capíıtulo señalando que, a diferencia de lo que ocurre en otras clases de álgebras, aquí, no siempre, es posible definir la estructura monádica partir de la k-cíclica. En el Capítulo V, continuamos el estudio de las M-álgebras y presentamos una segunda representación topológica la que nos permitió determinar las álgebras generadoras (finitas o infinitas) de la variedad. Primeramente, profundizamos el estudio del espectro primo de lasM-álgebras, lo que nos permitió obtener una nueva representación topológica para estas álgebras considerando la categoría de los sm-espacios y las sm-funciones. Dicha dualidad cuenta con la ventaja de brindar más información que la primera, sobre el efecto de la relación de equivalencia en el espacio. Por otro lado, probamos que las condiciones que se le piden a los q-espacios (ver [9]) resultan adecuadas para que el espacio cociente sea un espacio de Priestley con la topología de identificación y que la proyección canónica sea una función continua que preserva el orden. Además, mostramos que este resultado se tralada a las espacios de De Morgan monádicos ([62, p.84]) y a los sm-espacios, lo que es fundamental para el estudio subsiguiente. Por otra parte, utilizamos conceptos de topología general tales como convergencia y acomulación de redes (suceciones de Moore- Smith) y el teorema de extensión de funciones continuas para espacios T3, entre otros, para determinar las M-álgebras generadoras de cardinalidad arbitraria. Finalmente, teniendo en cuenta algunos de los resultados precedentes, analizamos la relación entre las álgebras de De Morgan monádicas ([62]) y las álgebras tetravalentes modales monádicas ([74]). En particular, probamos que toda álgebra tetravalente modal equipada con un cuantificador especial es álgebras de De Morgan monádicas una simple. Luego, estamos en condiciones de decir que el retículo de las subvariedades de álgebras de De Morgan monádicas es mucho más complejo que el retículo de las subvariedades de los Q-retículos distributivos acotados introducidos por Cignoli en [9]. Finalmente, en el Capítulo VI introducimos las MV -álgebras con dos cuantificadores que conmutan las cuales, como ya dijimos, son una generalización natural de las álgebras cilíndricas de dimensión dos libre de elementos diagonales. El tramtamiento de estas álgebras esta dado en términos de implicación y negación. Este hecho nos permite simplificar los resultados establecidos por Di Nola y Grigolia [18] en cuanto a la caracterización de los cuantificadores por medio de subálgebras relativamente completas especiales. Además, probamos que esta nueva variedad tiene la propiedad de extensión de congruencias y que es a congruencias distributivas. Por otra parte, desarollamos una dualidad topológica para estas álgebras y como aplicación de la misma, caracterizamos a las congruencias por medio de ciertos subconjuntos cerrados del espacio asociado a un álgebra. Además, estudiamos la variedad generada por cadenas de longitud n + 1 (n < !)y, entre otras resultados, probamos que se trata de una subvariedad semisimple y caracterizamos sus miembros subdirectamente irreducibles. Finalmente, a partir de un álgebra funcional especial determinamos un conjunto importante de las álgebras simples y exhibimos la totalidad de ellas en el caso finito. / This volume is organized in six chapters. In Chapter I all the results presented are well-known, but they were included either to facilitate the reading or to fix the notations needed throughout the remainder chapters and it has no pretensions of originality. Chapter II is organized in seven sections. We start pointing out the motivations for the study of symmetric operators in modal pseudocomplemented De Morgan algebras, which we called S-algebras. Subsequently, we determine the generating algebras of this variety and we show that it is semisimple. Furthermore, we study the finite and the finitely generated S-algebras which allows us to assert that this variety is locally finite. We also determine the structure of the free S-algebras with n (n < !) free generators and we exhibit a formula to calculate the cardinal number of these algebras in terms of the number of its free generators. On the other hand, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of epimorphisms between finite S-algebras. To do this, we make a thorough study of the prime spectrum of the S-algebras. In particular, we prove that it can be decomposed as a special cardinal sum. From these results we compute the number of epimorphims which can be defined between finite algebras. In addition, we show that number in the particular cases of mpM-algebras, Lukasiewicz- Moisil algebras of order 3 and Boolean algebras. We conclude the chapter describing the lattice of subvarieties of the variety of the S–algebras. In Chapter III, we introduce and study the mpM-algebras enriched with an automorphism of period k, where k 2 IN, k 2. We called them Ck-algebras. The results of this chapter are a natural generalization of those obtained in the previous chapter for S- algebras, because they are Ck-algebras when k = 2. First, we present the most important properties of this new structure. Then, we establish a correspondence between the family of congruences and the family of c-filters (ie: certain special filters of the algebra) which allows us to determine a family of ultrafilters associated with each maxinal c-filter. Moreover, we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for a congruence to be a maximal one. This result follows by considering a new binary operation called cyclical implication and characterizing the congruences by means of the deductive systems associated with this implication. In addition, the properties verified by this implication allow us to show that the variety of Ck-algebras is semisimple. On the other hand, we determine the algebras which generate this variety by applying different techniques of the ones used when k = 2 because the structure of Ck-algebras is much more complex than the S-algebras. Besides, we prove that the variety of Ck-algebras is finitely generated and locally finite. Finally, we obtain the cardinal number of the free Ck-algebra with a set of n (n < !) free generators in terms of the parameters k and n and we also verify this result for the case k = 1 and k = 2, showing that they coincide with those already obtained in [61] and in Chapter II of this thesis, respectively. Chapter IV is devoted to monadic mpM-algebras (or M-algebras). Each algebra of this new variety is considered as a pair consisting of an mpM-algebra and an existential quantifier. First, we obtain some properties and show the relationship between these algebras and others well-known structures. Moreover, from a special family of subalgebras of an mpM-algebra we determine how to get all the quantifiers that transform it into an M-algebra. Next, we started a topological study of this variety associating to each M- algebra a compact, Hausdorff and totally order-disconnected topological space enriched with an equivalence relation, such as the Halmos-Priestley’s dualities. This first duality allowed us to do an extensive study of the congruences. In particular, we show that there is an isomorphism between the lattice of certain open, closed and involutive subsets of the associated space of an M-algebra and the lattice of the principal M-congruences of it. Furthermore, we prove that the principal and Boolean congruences coincide and we calculate the number of them in the case of finite algebras. Besides, we show that the principal congruences are also determined by certain special filters of the algebra. Thus the study of the congruences is completed. Finally, we ended the chapter by noting that, unlike what happens in other classes of algebras, here it is not always possible to define the monadic structure from the k-cycle one. In Chapter V, we continue the study of the M-algebras and we present a second topological representation which allowed us to determine the generating algebras (finite or infinite) of this variety. First, we go in depth in the study of the prime spectrum of the M-algebras, in order to obtain a new topological representation for these algebras considering the category of the sm-spaces and the sm-functions. This duality has the advantage of providing more information than the first on the effect of the equivalence relation in the space. On the other hand, we prove that the conditions that verify the q-spaces (see [9]) are suitable for the quotient space to be a Priestley space with the identification topology, and for the canonical projection to be a continuous function that preserves the order. Moreover, we show that this result is transferred to the monadic De Morgan spaces ([62, p.84]) and to the sm-spaces, which is fundamental for subsequent study. Furthermore, we use among others, general topological concepts as the convergence and accumulation for nets (Moore-Smith sequences) and the extension theorem for the continuous functions in T3-spaces, in order to determine the M-algebras of an arbitrary cardinality which generates this variety. Finally, taking into account some of the previous results, we analyzed the relationship between monadic De Morgan algebras ([62]) and monadic tetravalent modal algebras ([74]). In particular, we prove that all tetravalent modal algebra with a special quantifier is a simple monadic De Morgan algebra. Hence, we can assert that the lattice of the subvarieties of monadic De Morgan algebras is much more complex than the lattice of the subvarieties of Q-distributive lattices introduced by Cignoli in [9]. Finally, in Chapter VI we introduce the MV -algebras with two quantifiers which commute. These algebras are a natural generalization of cylindric algebras of dimension two free of diagonal elements. The study of them is done in terms of implication and negation. This fact allows us to simplify the results established by Di Nola and Grigolia ([18]) with respect to the characterization of quantifiers by means of special relatively complete subalgebras. Besides, we prove that this new variety has the congruence extension property and distributive congruences. Furthermore, we develop a topological duality for these algebras which allows us to characterize the congruences by means of certain closed subsets of the space associated with them. In addition, we study the variety generated by chains of length n + 1 (n < !) and, among other results, we prove that it is a semisimple subvariety and we characterize their subdirectely irreducible members. Finally, from a special functional algebra we determine an important set of simple algebras and we show all of them in the finite case.

Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006. / Timothy Renick, committee chair; Kathryn McClymond, Jonathan Herman, committee members. Electronic text (p. 54 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 30, 2007; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-54).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NemoneSP.pdf: 2195633 bytes, checksum: 81bf986e588585a5cb124b242453ce2b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This work aims to analyze the concept of "paradox" posed in the work of The Budget Paradox (1872) of mathematical and logical English Augustus De Morgan (1806-1871). Here it is important to note that a large part of this book consists of re-prints of a series of writings by the author in journal Athenaeum, where its performance as auditor of literature. The tests refer to some scientific work produced between the years 1489 and 1866 and the rules of selection for the composition of the work is, basically, the methodological aspects used in the completion or disclosed by such scholars. The concept of paradox is presented in two distinct moments. At first, we found a study of definitions for the term in a philosophical approach, characterizing it as something that requires further investigation; which was complemented with the classic examples of a scientific context. In the second, we present a concept advocated by De Morgan and, under this perspective, that he conceptualized the "paradox" is directly related to the non-usual methods employed in the formulation of new scientific theories. In this study some of these scientific concepts are detailed, where, through the redemption history, engaging in issues of our study Mathematics, Physics, of Logic, among others. Possession of the preliminary analysis and comparison with the design of De Morgan, it became possible to diagnose some limitations in the conceptualization suggested by the author. Further, evidenced, in front of the cases, the nonlinearity of the process of production of knowledge and hence the progress of science / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma an?lise do conceito de paradoxo suscitado na obra A Budget of Paradoxes (1872) do matem?tico e l?gico ingl?s Augustus De Morgan (1806-1871). Neste aspecto ? importante salientar que uma grande parte deste livro consiste de re-impress?es de uma s?rie de escritos do autor no peri?dico cient?fico Athenaeum, quando de sua atua??o como revisor bibliogr?fico. Os ensaios se referem a alguns trabalhos cient?ficos produzidos entre os anos de 1489 e 1866 cujo crit?rio de sele??o para a composi??o da referida obra reside, basicamente, no aspecto metodol?gico adotado ou ainda na conclus?o divulgada por tais estudiosos. A conceitua??o de paradoxo ? apresentada em dois momentos distintos. No primeiro momento, promovemos um estudo das defini??es encontradas para o termo segundo um enfoque filos?fico, caracterizando-o como algo que exige investiga??o adicional; ao que foi complementado com exemplos cl?ssicos do contexto cient?fico. No segundo, apresentamos a conceitua??o defendida por De Morgan e, sob essa perspectiva, o que ele conceitua paradoxo est? diretamente relacionado ?s metodologias n?o-usuais empregadas na formula??o de novas teorias cient?ficas. Neste estudo algumas dessas concep??es cient?ficas s?o pormenorizadas, onde, atrav?s do resgate hist?rico, embrenhamos nosso estudo em quest?es da Matem?tica, da F?sica, da L?gica, entre outras. De posse da an?lise preliminar e em confronta??o com a concep??o de De Morgan, tornou-se poss?vel diagnosticar algumas limita??es na conceitua??o sugerida pelo autor. Por outro lado, evidenciamos, diante dos casos apresentados, a n?o-linearidade do processo de produ??o do conhecimento e, consequentemente, do progresso da ci?ncia

From introduction: It has become something of a commonplace among critics to remark Forster's relative lack of success in offering an alternative to the world which he satirises with such wit and humour. His comic treatment of the suburban absurdities of the Edwardian Englishman is, on the whole, far more compelling and memorable than the often vague, symbolic gestures by means of which he implies the possibility of something better. With the exception of his last and greatest novel, A Passage to India, his "alternatives" are largely factitious and contrived. Worse, the reader senses a fundamental uncertainty on the part of the author: his characteristic ambivalence in itself an indication of a perceptive and discriminating mind -- all too often suggests lack of conviction rather than an intelligent awareness of the infinitude of human possibilities.

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