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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Mortalidade de jovens: análise do período de 1930 a 1991 (a transição epidemiológica para a violência) / Mortality of young people: analysis of the period from 1930 to 1991 (the epidemiological transition to violence)

Vermelho, Leticia Legay 09 March 1995 (has links)
Este é um estudo epidemiológico da mortalidade dos jovens (15 a 24 anos), nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, no período de 1930 a 1991. Foram resgatados dados para referência histórica de interesse da saúde pública e para a construção de indicadores de saúde. Comparou-se a magnitude da mortalidade do grupo jovem, segundo sexo e causas, no tempo e entre as capitais. O coeficiente de mortalidade específico para a faixa etária de jovens declinou até 1970, em São Paulo e 1980, no Rio de Janeiro, sendo que este último município sempre apresentou níveis de mortalidade mais elevados do que o primeiro. Entretanto, São Paulo, de 1980 a 1991, sofreu um aumento relativo da mortalidade duas vezes maior do que o do Rio de Janeiro, aproximando os indicadores. A mortalidade dos jovens, embora baixa, em relação ao observado para as demais faixas etárias, não vem mais decrescendo. A elevação observada nas últimas décadas se dá às custas da mortalidade do sexo masculino. As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias apresentaram os coeficientes mais elevados nos dois municípios até 1950, sendo que os do Rio de Janeiro foram sempre maiores do que os de São Paulo. Dentre as doenças infecciosas destacou-se a importância da tuberculose como produtora de mortes, principalmente até 1950. A partir de 1960, as causas externas passaram a ocupar a primeira posição, com coeficientes elevados e crescentes. Dentre estas causas, os acidentes de trânsito e os homicídios se destacaram. Além das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, outros grupos tais como o das doenças do aparelho circulatório e respiratório, e mais recentemente as doenças das glândulas endócrinas, da nutrição e do metabolismo e transtornos imunitários, principalmente pela AIDS, sempre estiveram entre os cinco primeiros grupos de causas de morte. As epidemias de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, no caso dos jovens, pricipalmente do sexo masculino, foram sendo substituídas pelas violências, o que determinou um novo padrão de mortalidade, que deve ser abordado segundo a multiplicidade de elementos que o determinam. / This is an epidemiologic study of the youth (15 to 24 years old) mortality in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo cities from the year 1930 to 1991. The main objective is to evaluate mortality related to sex and causes at the target population and to compare It between both cities and with other indicators. São Paulo city showed a rapid death rate decline to the group, up to 1970, as well as Rio de Janeiro city, up to 1980. The last city has always showed higher mortality rates. However, during the past decade a higher proportion of deaths happened in São Paulo, which means that their mortality slopes are closer. Young people mortality rates are not high when compared with other age groups, but they are not decreasing anymore. The rising tendency is caused by male mortality. Infectious diseases were responsable by the higher mortality during the first years studied, mainly up to 1950, in both ciites, and Rio de Janeiro has exhibited the higher levels. Among the diseases of the group, tuberculosis was distinguished. After 1960, violent deaths increased and occupied the main position. Traffic acidents and homicide are the most important death causes. Besides them cardiovascular diseases, respiratory affections and latter on, in 1991, the endocrinologic and metabolic diseases group became to a prominent position, because of AIDS. Infectious diseases epidemics in the early years ofthe century, mainly to the young male, were replaced by violence and this transition showed a new mortality pattern which must be approached according to Its multiple implications.
2

Mortalidade de jovens: análise do período de 1930 a 1991 (a transição epidemiológica para a violência) / Mortality of young people: analysis of the period from 1930 to 1991 (the epidemiological transition to violence)

Leticia Legay Vermelho 09 March 1995 (has links)
Este é um estudo epidemiológico da mortalidade dos jovens (15 a 24 anos), nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, no período de 1930 a 1991. Foram resgatados dados para referência histórica de interesse da saúde pública e para a construção de indicadores de saúde. Comparou-se a magnitude da mortalidade do grupo jovem, segundo sexo e causas, no tempo e entre as capitais. O coeficiente de mortalidade específico para a faixa etária de jovens declinou até 1970, em São Paulo e 1980, no Rio de Janeiro, sendo que este último município sempre apresentou níveis de mortalidade mais elevados do que o primeiro. Entretanto, São Paulo, de 1980 a 1991, sofreu um aumento relativo da mortalidade duas vezes maior do que o do Rio de Janeiro, aproximando os indicadores. A mortalidade dos jovens, embora baixa, em relação ao observado para as demais faixas etárias, não vem mais decrescendo. A elevação observada nas últimas décadas se dá às custas da mortalidade do sexo masculino. As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias apresentaram os coeficientes mais elevados nos dois municípios até 1950, sendo que os do Rio de Janeiro foram sempre maiores do que os de São Paulo. Dentre as doenças infecciosas destacou-se a importância da tuberculose como produtora de mortes, principalmente até 1950. A partir de 1960, as causas externas passaram a ocupar a primeira posição, com coeficientes elevados e crescentes. Dentre estas causas, os acidentes de trânsito e os homicídios se destacaram. Além das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, outros grupos tais como o das doenças do aparelho circulatório e respiratório, e mais recentemente as doenças das glândulas endócrinas, da nutrição e do metabolismo e transtornos imunitários, principalmente pela AIDS, sempre estiveram entre os cinco primeiros grupos de causas de morte. As epidemias de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, no caso dos jovens, pricipalmente do sexo masculino, foram sendo substituídas pelas violências, o que determinou um novo padrão de mortalidade, que deve ser abordado segundo a multiplicidade de elementos que o determinam. / This is an epidemiologic study of the youth (15 to 24 years old) mortality in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo cities from the year 1930 to 1991. The main objective is to evaluate mortality related to sex and causes at the target population and to compare It between both cities and with other indicators. São Paulo city showed a rapid death rate decline to the group, up to 1970, as well as Rio de Janeiro city, up to 1980. The last city has always showed higher mortality rates. However, during the past decade a higher proportion of deaths happened in São Paulo, which means that their mortality slopes are closer. Young people mortality rates are not high when compared with other age groups, but they are not decreasing anymore. The rising tendency is caused by male mortality. Infectious diseases were responsable by the higher mortality during the first years studied, mainly up to 1950, in both ciites, and Rio de Janeiro has exhibited the higher levels. Among the diseases of the group, tuberculosis was distinguished. After 1960, violent deaths increased and occupied the main position. Traffic acidents and homicide are the most important death causes. Besides them cardiovascular diseases, respiratory affections and latter on, in 1991, the endocrinologic and metabolic diseases group became to a prominent position, because of AIDS. Infectious diseases epidemics in the early years ofthe century, mainly to the young male, were replaced by violence and this transition showed a new mortality pattern which must be approached according to Its multiple implications.
3

Morbi-Mortalidade Juvenil por Acidentes de Transporte em Goiânia Goiás / Young morbi-mortality by transporte injury in Goiânia/GO

CAIXETA, Carlos Roberto 27 March 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:04:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Carlos Roberto Caixeta.pdf: 262265 bytes, checksum: a9808efbfa64d535642727610bfa9bca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-27 / Transport accidents are currently one of the world s main public health problems. The aim of this investigation is to describe the profile of transport injury victims attended at Hospital de Urgências de Goiânia (HUGO) and of victims who deceased in these accidents, with age 15 to 24 years, residents in Goiânia, Goiás - Brazil. It also describes the circumstances involved in these accidents. This descriptive transversal study was carried out in the city of Goiânia from August 2005 to August 2006 with systematic sampling, considering the day of the week and the time of the day. At that period were interviewed 301 victims attended at HUGO, the main Emergency Service Center of the city, and the family of 62 cases of death occurred in the municipality. The data were treated by descriptive statistics. Most victims attended at HUGO and most of those who died were male, mean age 19.94 ± 2.73 years. The main transport used by the victims attended at HUGO was the motorcycle (67.33%), followed by the bicycle (16.67%). The motorcycle was the most used by fatal victims (66.67%) as well. The accidents usually occurred at night, especially around 6 pm to 9 pm and at weekends (fridays and sundays). The victims were generally on the way to do physical, sportive, school, leisure or entertaining activities at that time. Those who were doing paid work had the accident between 6 am and 9 am. Suspicion of alcohol use was confirmed in 15.16% of the cases attended at HUGO and by 26.31% of the family of fatal victims. The victims attended at HUGO were the drivers in 77.11% of the motorcycle accidents and 92.00% of bicycle accidents, as well as in 76.92% of the fatal victims. There were victims under 18 years of age identified as drivers of automobiles and motorcycles. In proportion (p<0.05), more motorcyclists (66.48%) believed that there was imprudence/ negligence than the cyclists (47.72%) attended at HUGO. Security equipment was not used by 8.58% of motorcyclists, by 95.45% of cyclists attended at HUGO and by 12.5% of the motorcyclists who died. The safety belt was not used by 50.00% of the attended at HUGO and by 60.00% of who died. The results indicate a need for a differentiated look at motorcyclists, which justifies a specific approach to this group, as well as measures of inspection, giving priority to the periods of night and weekends. The service of attending victims must be planned, adjusting the amount of human, material and equipment resources, and the seasonality of accidents. The epidemiologic profile of the victims provides important information for administrators to implement politics of promoting health and preventing injury transport, which takes intersectional and multiprofessional actions to confront the problem. Keywords: Transport accidents are currently one of the world s main public health problems. The aim of this investigation is to describe the profile of transport injury victims attended at Hospital de Urgências de Goiânia (HUGO) and of victims who deceased in these accidents, with age 15 to 24 years, residents in Goiânia, Goiás - Brazil. It also describes the circumstances involved in these accidents. This descriptive transversal study was carried out in the city of Goiânia from August 2005 to August 2006 with systematic sampling, considering the day of the week and the time of the day. At that period were interviewed 301 victims attended at HUGO, the main Emergency Service Center of the city, and the family of 62 cases of death occurred in the municipality. The data were treated by descriptive statistics. Most victims attended at HUGO and most of those who died were male, mean age 19.94 ± 2.73 years. The main transport used by the victims attended at HUGO was the motorcycle (67.33%), followed by the bicycle (16.67%). The motorcycle was the most used by fatal victims (66.67%) as well. The accidents usually occurred at night, especially around 6 pm to 9 pm and at weekends (fridays and sundays). The victims were generally on the way to do physical, sportive, school, leisure or entertaining activities at that time. Those who were doing paid work had the accident between 6 am and 9 am. Suspicion of alcohol use was confirmed in 15.16% of the cases attended at HUGO and by 26.31% of the family of fatal victims. The victims attended at HUGO were the drivers in 77.11% of the motorcycle accidents and 92.00% of bicycle accidents, as well as in 76.92% of the fatal victims. There were victims under 18 years of age identified as drivers of automobiles and motorcycles. In proportion (p<0.05), more motorcyclists (66.48%) believed that there was imprudence/ negligence than the cyclists (47.72%) attended at HUGO. Security equipment was not used by 8.58% of motorcyclists, by 95.45% of cyclists attended at HUGO and by 12.5% of the motorcyclists who died. The safety belt was not used by 50.00% of the attended at HUGO and by 60.00% of who died. The results indicate a need for a differentiated look at motorcyclists, which justifies a specific approach to this group, as well as measures of inspection, giving priority to the periods of night and weekends. The service of attending victims must be planned, adjusting the amount of human, material and equipment resources, and the seasonality of accidents. The epidemiologic profile of the victims provides important information for administrators to implement politics of promoting health and preventing injury transport, which takes intersectional and multiprofessional actions to confront the problem. / Os acidentes de transporte constituem na atualidade um dos principais problemas de saúde pública em todo mundo, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o perfil das vítimas dos acidentes de transportes atendidos no Hospital de Urgências de Goiânia (HUGO) e das vítimas que foram a óbito, na faixa etária de 15 a 24 anos e residentes em Goiânia - Goiás, bem como descrever as circunstâncias envolvendo esses acidentes. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, transversal, conduzido em Goiânia de agosto/2005 a agosto/2006, com amostragem sistemática considerando dia da semana e horários do dia. Foram entrevistadas 301 vítimas atendidas no HUGO, principal Serviço de Emergência da cidade, e familiares de 62 casos de óbitos ocorridos no município naquele período. Os dados foram tratados por meio de estatística descritiva. Dentre as vítimas atendidas no HUGO e das que foram a óbito a maioria era do sexo masculino, com idade média de 19,94 ± 2,73 anos. O meio de transporte mais utilizado pelas vítimas atendidas no HUGO foi a motocicleta (67,33%), seguido da bicicleta (16,67%). A motocicleta também foi a mais usada entre as vítimas fatais (76,36%). Os acidentes ocorreram mais no período noturno, especialmente entre as 18h e 21h e aos finais de semana (6ª feira e domingo). As vítimas estavam principalmente no trajeto para atividades físicas, esportivas, escolares, lazer e entretenimento nesses horários. Aquelas que realizavam trabalho pago acidentaram-se principalmente entre 06 e 09 h. A suspeita do uso de álcool foi confirmada por 15,14% dos atendidos no HUGO e por 26,31% dos familiares das vítimas fatais. Eram condutores 77,11% dos motociclistas e 92% ciclistas atendidos no HUGO, bem como 76,92% das vítimas fatais. Foram identificadas vítimas menores de 18 anos condutores dos automóveis e motocicletas. Proporcionalmente mais motociclistas (66,48%) julgaram que houve imprudência / negligência que os ciclistas (47,72%) atendidos no HUGO (p<0,05). Os equipamentos de segurança não eram usados por 8,58% dos motociclistas e 95,45% dos ciclistas atendidos no HUGO e por 12,50% motociclistas que morreram. O cinto de segurança era não era usado por 50,00% dos atendidos no HUGO e por 60,00% das vítimas fatais. Os resultados indicam que um olhar diferenciado deve ser dirigido aos motociclistas, justificando uma abordagem específica para este grupo, bem como são necessárias medidas de fiscalização que priorizem o período noturno e os finais de semana. Os serviços de atendimento às vítimas devem planejar o atendimento adequando a quantidade de recursos humanos, materiais e equipamentos, considerando a sazonalidade dos acidentes. O perfil epidemiológico das vítimas fornece informações importantes aos gestores para implementar políticas de promoção da saúde e de prevenção dos acidentes de transporte.

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