Orientador: Jansle Vieira Rocha / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T11:13:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soare_PedroHenriqueQuariguasy_M.pdf: 1800080 bytes, checksum: 366d3c0b4ab5c21ad87e119c7754ed91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Atualmente o Sensoriamento Remoto tem avançado a sua utilização em diversos segmentos da sociedade acadêmica e empresarial, assim como, das iniciativas públicas e privadas, haja vista a quantidades de satélites já em órbita e os lançamentos contínuos dos mais diversos tipos de sensores remotos. Diversas nações têm como objetivo a independência geoespacial, seja por questões de segurança nacional ou estratégias de política de desenvolvimento econômico, razão pelo qual os vultosos valores investidos em inovação e tecnologias geoespaciais. Neste sentido, podemos citar inúmeras aplicações do sensoriamento remoto, como subsídio ao planejamento de políticas públicas de uso e ocupação terrestre, fiscalização governamental de fronteiras, planejamento ambiental, mapeamentos e análises de cobertura, análise da dinâmica espaço-temporal de uso e ocupação de solos, de florestas, de agricultura, dentre os mais diversos. Em relação às questões das aplicações do sensoriamento remoto na agricultura, vale ressaltar a importância do segmento sucroenergético nacional como fonte de diversas riquezas, como a produção de açúcar, etanol, bioeletricidade e derivados, e ainda contribuindo com uma matriz energética renovável. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem a finalidade de hierarquizar as aplicações do Sensoriamento Remoto no setor sucroenergético, assim como, avaliar as restrições de utilização das geotecnologias no segmento. Para efeito didático da pesquisa, assim como, para o diagnóstico mercadológico foi classificado nesta pesquisa três grandes e principais grupos de a utilização das geotecnologias, sendo, aplicações em na gestão agronômica dos fatores de produção, aplicações nas ambientais e, no suporte à gestão dos negócios. No grupo de análise de restrições foram elencados três principais fatores atuais de restrição de utilização: conhecimento de sensoriamento remoto, custos das tecnologias de sensoriamento remoto e a disponibilidade de recursos humanos para o setor sucroenergético. O presente trabalho foi realizado com uma pesquisa de opinião com especialistas junto aos principais "players" do segmento sucroenergético, nas áreas de produção das regiões Centro-sul. A representatividade da pesquisa considerando a safra 2012/2013, foi de aproximadamente 35% da produção total, que tem como previsão 448 milhões de toneladas (Conab, 2012). Como ferramenta de análise e suporte às informações provenientes das pesquisas de opinião, foi utilizado o método multicritério AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process. Os resultados apresentados nesta pesquisa hierarquizam como principais aplicações do sensoriamento remoto: Aplicações Agrícolas, Meio Ambiente e Gestão de Negócios; e como principais restrições: Conhecimento da Tecnologia do sensoriamento remoto, Disponibilidade de Recursos Humanos e Custos das Tecnologias do Sensoriamento Remoto. Com estes resultados, foi possível elencar e adequar os esforços acadêmicos e comerciais para subsidiar o aumento de utilização das geotecnologias, assim como, diagnosticar suas restrições, para aperfeiçoar e estimular alternativas de uso e aplicação / Abstract: Currently, remote sensing has advanced its use in various segments of the academic society and business, as well as, the public and private initiatives, given the amounts of satellites already in orbit and the ongoing launches of several types of remote sensors. Several nations have the goal of geospatial independence, either by national security issues or strategies of economic development policy, which is why the huge amounts invested in innovation and geospatial technologies. In this sense, we can cite numerous applications of remote sensing, as planning policies for land use and occupation, government oversight of borders, environmental planning, mapping and analysis of land use, analysis of the spatial-temporal dynamics of soil use and land use, forests, agriculture, among many others. Regarding the questions of applications of remote sensing in agriculture, is worth emphasizing the importance of national energy sector sugar as a source of various wealth, as the production of sugar, ethanol, bioelectricity and sub products, and also contributing to a renewable energy matrix. Thus, this study aims to identify and prioritize the main applications of Remote Sensing in the sugar energy sector, as well as, assess the constraints to increase use of geotechnologies. For didactic purposes of this research, as well as, marketing for the diagnosis was classified in this study three main groups of geotechnologies uses, applications in the management of agronomic factors of production, environmental applications, and support of business management. In the group analysis of constraints were listed three major factors restricting current use, such as remote sensing knowledge and costs of remote sensing technologies, as well as, the availability of Human Resources for the energy sector sugar. This work was carried out with a survey with experts with the major players in the segment of sugar energy in the Mid-South production areas. The representativeness of the survey considering 2012/2013 was approximately 35% of total production, which is forecasting 448 million tons (Conab, the first survey - April 2012). As a tool of analysis and supporting information from polls was used multicriteria method AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process. The results presented in this research prioritize the main applications of remote sensing as Applications for Agriculture, Environment and Business Management, and as major constraints are: Knowledge of Remote Sensing Technology, Human Resource Availability and Costs of Remote Sensing Technologies. With these results, it was possible to list and tailor academic and commercial efforts in order to support geotechnologies use, as well as, diagnosing its constraints, to improve and encourage alternatives for use and application / Mestrado / Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

The target of this thesis is to compare suitable application methods at intercompany comparison. Used methods are divided into three sections. In the first part, the multiple criteria decision methods are described. Within this part, common used methods (method of simple order, method of standard variables, method of distance from virtual subject) and more advanced methods taught in the class of Theory of decision (WSA, Topsis, ELECTRE III, Mappac and other) are described. As part of these methods the determination preferences are defined. Further Data envelope analyses are introduced. The last method mentioned in the theoretical part is index IN05 method. All of the above described methods are applied to the beer industry. In conclusion the comparison of all used methods is presented.

The thesis describes a way of searching a better financial opportunities. The first part is about the multiple criteria decision making. I focus on application methods of multicriterial evaluation of alternatives on different possibilities of solving retirement. The target is to compare different possibilities and then suggest a solution. The second part is about the linear programming. The main objective of the diploma thesis is to suggest a create mathematical model, which I will use in my profession. This mathematical model will display results, which tell us how we can solve the question of money and finance.

The aim of this work is analysis of Honda's position at the Czech market of motorcycles based on preferences of men and women. The motorcycles are divided into different groups by engine volume in cubic centimetres and by categories in which motorcycles are included. In this analysis are used methods Electre III, Oreste, Topsis, WSA and calculations are performed by program packages SANNA. At the conclusion, Honda's position in all categories is summarized.

Job seekers have often made job choices based upon the degree to which they fit the tasks requirements of the job. This concept is referred to as person-job (P-J) fit. In addition, research has suggested that job seekers self-select organizations to work for based upon the perceived fit between themselves and the organization. This concept is referred to as person-organization (P-O) fit.

The objective of this research is to establish consistency thresholds linked to alpha (α) levels for HDM’s (Hierarchical Decision Model) judgment quantification method. Measuring consistency in order to control it is a crucial and inseparable part of any AHP/HDM experiment. The researchers on the subject recommend establishing thresholds that are statistically based on hypothesis testing, and are linked to the number of decision variables and (α) level. Such thresholds provide the means with which to evaluate the soundness and validity of an AHP/HDM decision. The linkage of thresholds to (α) levels allows the decision makers to set an appropriate inconsistency tolerance compatible with the situation at hand. The measurements of judgments are unreliable in the absence of an inconsistency measure that includes acceptable limits. All of this is essential to the credibility of the entire decision making process and hence is extremely useful for practitioners and researchers alike. This research includes distribution fitting for the inconsistencies. It is a valuable and interesting part of the research results and adds usefulness, practicality and insight. The superb fits obtained give confidence that all the statistical inferences based on the fitted distributions accurately reflect the HDM’s inconsistency measure.

Yes / Food loss is one of the significant threats to sustainable development. Although various studies investigating food loss drivers disclosed that logistics is a significant reason for food loss, logistics-related food loss drivers have not been thoroughly studied. Thus, this paper aims to identify, classify and rank the logistics-related food loss drivers, having more influence on the amount of food loss in the fruit and vegetable supply chain, with the help of a mixed-method approach. First, a literature review was conducted to identify potential logistics-related food loss drivers. A total of 49 articles were analyzed. Second, 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted with industry experts to finalize the drivers. Third, the analytical hierarchy process was employed to rank the drivers having more influence on the amount of food loss. Five main drivers and nineteen sub-drivers were identified at the end of the literature review and interview process. Categorization of main drivers is based on the logistics activities. According to results, warehousing-related drivers and transportation-related drivers are the two most influential drivers on the amount of food loss, while lack of coordination and improper packaging material are the two most influential sub-drivers. Following the ranking of drivers and sub-drivers, mitigation strategies to diminish food loss are also discussed. The findings of this study are intended to guide fruit and vegetable supply chain actors in tackling food loss.

專家系統自1965年發展至今，其發展是與日遽增，在邁入二十一世紀這個新紀元，傳統的專家系統遭遇到不同以往的問題，不僅處理的問題複雜度提高之外，在建置系統的過程中需要更多專家提供其寶貴的意見，以期讓系統在處理問題的層面能更加寬廣及增進其彈性和效用。因此，多專家系統能夠解決傳統上單一專家先天上的限制。Gaines和Shaw於1989年在其論著中指出，利用一群專家的知識來發展專家系統其效益比單一專家來的更好。 然而，在多專家的專家系統中會產生案例選取的衝突，過去大都依賴人為的經驗法則判斷。如此一來，不僅在處理的時間成本上產生耗損，其選取案例的公信力亦容易令人產生存疑。此外在相關的研究上，絕大多數都未對於此一衝突提出另外一套較具公正性的解決辦法。 針對此一現象，本研究發現欲解決其中之案例衝突，可以藉由群體決策和多評準決策領域中尋求解決之辦法，透過本研究一連串的文獻蒐集與探討，得到Nemawashi決策模式可以加以導入應用，因此，本研究嘗試引用案例式推論（Case-Base Reasoning）、Nemawashi 決策模式，提出一個整合多專家的意見和解決其案例產生衝突的方法。 / Expert system has been in speeding development since 1965. With the advent of the 21st century, the traditional expert system is encountering problems different from the past. With the rising complexity of nowadays problems, it requires valuable opinions from more professionals in the construction of expert system. The multi-expert knowledge can not only broaden the scope in which the system handles problems, but also enhance the system’s flexibility and efficiency. Thus, multi-expert system outsmarts the conventional expert system which is restricted by the voice of a single expert. Gaines and Shaw in 1989 commented that the expert system was better quipped with a group of experts than with one single expert. Nevertheless, multi-expert system contains the problem of case conflict. To undermine the conflict, it is common for people to resort to experts’ judgments and their personal experiences. Consequently, the multi-expert system has the disadvantage of consuming time in the process of case selection. Moreover, the case selected out of this process may be unconvincing due to its overdependence on human decisions. As to the problem of case conflict, most of the researches related to multi-expert system do not propose other more objective solutions. Focus on the problem mentioned above, this study tends to solve case conflict through the use of Group Decision and Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM). After the collection and analysis of data, the study finds out that Nemawashi Decisions are effective in handling the problem of case conflict. Thus, this study attempts to apply Nemawashi Decisions in Case-Base Reasoning in order to combine opinions from different experts and to solve the case conflict in the multi-expert system.

In developing natural resources, decision makers are seeking to achieve different objectives, which cannot be reduced to a single objective such as economic efficiency, this covers only part of the problem. Tradeoffs between multiple objective of unequal importance is unavoidable in the process of selection or ranking of alternative developmental projects or plans. Multiobjective technique has the ability to deal with qualitative and quantitative objectives, also it enhances the planning process by involving broader segments of the society in the process of decision making. Compromise programming (CP) and utility worth analysis (UWA), two multiobjective methods were applied on Zarqa River Basin Project (ZRBP) in Jordan. Their appropriateness and suitability as decision aiding tools was examined in this study. For the purpose of the study, five criteria were developed to serve as a basis for the evaluation and 61 farmers and 15 technicians, planners and decision makers were interviewed. High consistency was observed among the results of ranking the six alternatives when both methods were applied, at the same time the ranking of the alternatives according to benefit/cost ratio and the internal rates of return as economic efficiency measures showed no agreement with the multiobjective ranking.

Decision making study has been the multi-disciplinary research involving operations researchers, management scientists, statisticians, mathematical psychologists and economists as well as others. This study aims to investigate the theory and methodology of decision making research and apply them to different contexts in real cases. The study has reviewed the literature of Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Evidential Reasoning (ER) approach, Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) movement, Social Judgment Theory (SJT), and Adaptive Toolbox (AT) program. On the basis of these literatures, two methods, Evidence-based Trade-Off (EBTO) and Judgment Analysis with Heuristic Modelling (JA-HM), have been proposed and developed to accomplish decision making problems under different conditions. In the EBTO method, we propose a novel framework to aid people s decision making under uncertainty and imprecise goal. Under the framework, the imprecise goal is objectively modelled through an analytical structure, and is independent of the task requirement; the task requirement is specified by the trade-off strategy among criteria of the analytical structure through an importance weighting process, and is subject to the requirement change of a particular decision making task; the evidence available, that could contribute to the evaluation of general performance of the decision alternatives, are formulated with belief structures which are capable of capturing various format of uncertainties that arise from the absence of data, incomplete information and subjective judgments. The EBTO method was further applied in a case study of Soldier system decision making. The application has demonstrated that EBTO, as a tool, is able to provide a holistic analysis regarding the requirements of Soldier missions, the physical conditions of Soldiers, and the capability of their equipment and weapon systems, which is critical in domain. By drawing the cross-disciplinary literature from NDM and AT, the JA-HM extended the traditional Judgment Analysis (JA) method, through a number of novel methodological procedures, to account for the unique features of decision making tasks under extreme time pressure and dynamic shifting situations. These novel methodological procedures include, the notion of decision point to deconstruct the dynamic shifting situations in a way that decision problem could be identified and formulated; the classification of routine and non-routine problems, and associated data alignment process to enable meaningful decision data analysis across different decision makers (DMs); the notion of composite cue to account for the DMs iterative process of information perception and comprehension in dynamic task environment; the application of computational models of heuristics to account for the time constraints and process dynamics of DMs decision making process; and the application of cross-validation process to enable the methodological principle of competitive testing of decision models. The JA-HM was further applied in a case study of fire emergency decision making. The application has been the first behavioural test of the validity of the computational models of heuristics, in predicting the DMs decision making during fire emergency response. It has also been the first behavioural test of the validity of the non-compensatory heuristics in predicting the DMs decisions on ranking task. The findings identified extend the literature of AT and NDM, and have implications for the fire emergency decision making.