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Otimiza??o de protocolos para a propaga??o in vitro de g?rbera (Gerbera jamesonii) / Optimization of protocols for in vitro propagation in gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii)Sousa, Cleiton Mateus 20 January 2005 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2005-01-20 / Gerberas are cut flowers with large color diversity and good durability. The use of
growth regulators on in vitro propagation is related to the capacity to induce
proliferation of sprouts and differentiation of roots. However, citokinins in excess can
induce the formation of abnormal plant, with reduced acclimatization potential. The
mineral and organic composition of media culture plays an important role during the
process. The objective of this dissertation was to adjust protocols for in vitro
propagation of Gerbera jamesonii. The following aspects were evaluated: (i) the effect
of the inflorescence developmental stage on the performance of in vitro culture initiated
from chapters (ii) gerbera varieties (iii) growth regulator balance and (iv) the effect of
salt concentration of MS medium on the proliferation of in vitro sprouting and rooting
and acclimatization of three varieties of gerbera. For variety Phanter, the regeneration of
explants prepared from inflorescences depended on its stage of development. Explants
prepared from young chapters showed better results. The concentration and source of
citokinin, and the concentration of salts in MS medium influenced the proliferation of
sprouts in explants of variety Ornela. BAP was more efficient than kinetin on
proliferation of sprouts. Concentrations above 2.0 mg.L-1 of BAP induced the formation
of plants with undesirable characteristics during in vitro multiplication, while this was
not observed in the presence of the same kinetin in larger concentration (4.0 mg.L-1).
The combinations of 0.5 mg.L-1 BAP with the different levels of IBA showed the best
results for multiplication and production of sprouts, with potential for acclimatizing
variety Ornela. The presence of BAP inhibited the differentiation of roots, while the
same was not observed in largest concentration of kinetin. The concentration of salts
below 50% limited the proliferation of sprouts in variety Ornela. The varieties
Capuccino, Mirage and Ornela, when maintained in the same balance of BAP and IBA,
showed divergences in results for number of sprouts; when acclimatized, they presented
high survival rates. Difficulties on in vitro gerbera propagation were mostly found on
the regeneration phase and on the formation of sprouts in explants prepared from
chapters. For the other phases, no major difficulties were detected. / As g?rberas s?o flores de corte que apresentam diversidade na colora??o e boa
durabilidade. O uso de fitorreguladores na propaga??o de plantas in vitro esta
relacionado com a capacidade de induzir a prolifera??o de brotos e a diferencia??o de
ra?zes. No entanto, citocininas em excesso podem induzir a forma??o de pl?ntulas
anormais e com baixo potencial para serem aclimatadas. Al?m disso, a composi??o
mineral e org?nica do meio de cultura apresenta importante papel durante o processo. O
objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar protocolos para a propaga??o massal in vitro de
variedades de Gerbera jamesonii. Avaliou-se: o efeito do est?dio de desenvolvimento
de infloresc?ncias na implanta??o de culturas in vitro a partir de cap?tulos; variedades;
balan?os de fitorreguladores; concentra??o dos sais do meio MS na prolifera??o de
brotos e enraizamento in vitro e a aclimatiza??o de tr?s variedades de g?rbera. A
regenera??o de explantes preparados a partir de infloresc?ncias depende do est?dio de
desenvolvimento das mesmas. Explantes preparados a partir de cap?tulos jovens
apresentaram melhores resultados. A prolifera??o de brotos em explantes de g?rbera,
variedade Ornela foi influenciada tanto pela concentra??o quanto pela fonte de
citocinina, assim como pela concentra??o dos sais do meio MS. A mol?cula BAP
mostrou ser mais eficiente que kinetina para induzir a prolifera??o de brotos. BAP
acima de 2,0 mg.L-1 induziu a forma??o de plantas com caracter?sticas indesej?veis
durante a multiplica??o in vitro, enquanto isto n?o foi observado mesmo na maior
concentra??o de kinetina (4,0 mg.L-1). As combina??es de 0,5 mg.L-1 de BAP com os
diferentes n?veis de AIB (0; 0,05 e 0,5 mg.L-1) apresentaram os melhores resultados
para a multiplica??o e produ??o de brotos in vitro com potencial para serem aclimatados
da variedade Ornela. Somente o BAP inibiu a diferencia??o de ra?zes. A concentra??o
dos sais abaixo de 50% limitou a prolifera??o de brotos na variedade Ornela. As
variedades Capuccino Mirage e Ornela, quando mantidas no mesmo balan?o de BAP e
AIB apresentaram resultados divergentes quanto ? prolifera??o de brotos, e na
aclimatiza??o apresentaram alta taxa de sobreviv?ncia. Na propaga??o in vitro de
g?rbera, somente na fase de implanta??o das culturas in vitro que verificou-se
dificuldade de regenera??o e na forma??o de brotos em explantes preparados a partir de
cap?tulos. Nas demais fases, as variedades estudadas apresentaram facilidade e
resultados bastante promissores.
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Fatores bi?tico e abi?ticos que influenciam na concentra??o de podofilotoxinaMeira, Paloma Ribeiro 19 September 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-09-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This paper describes the influence of abiotic and biotic factors in the concentration of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest in medicinal plants, while it aims to answer how these factors influence the concentration of podophyllotoxin and yate?na Leptohyptis macrostachys in vitro, this goal. The specimen Leptohyptis macrostachys was established in vitro from seeds collected in the Chapada Diamantina-Ba; studying the rate of germination rate, the germination and mean germination of seeds grown on MS medium with different concentrations of salts constituents of this medium as well as different concentrations of sucrose and gibberellic acid. Was also studied, such as abiotic factors (culture medium, carbon source temperature, photoperiod and gas exchange) and biological (plant growth regulators) influenced the development (number of shoots and leaves and roots presence of friable callus, compact or oxidized) and production of podophyllotoxin and yate?na. To study the influence of these factors in getting these metabolites, plants were steeped at 40 ? C in ethanol to produce the extract. This was partitioned with water and after a specific treatment, injected into the HPLC. We established a protocol for Leptohyptis macrostachys growing from seeds in ? MS medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose and 11.55 mM of GA3, there was no significant formation of callus in treatments applied and the concentration of podophyllotoxin was favored when L. macrostachys was grown in ? MS medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose, closed with PVC film and kept in a growth room at 30 ? C. / Este trabalho descreve a influ?ncia de fatores abi?ticos e bi?tico na concentra??o de metab?litos secund?rios de interesse farmacol?gico em plantas medicinais, ao mesmo tempo que se prop?e a responder como esses fatores influenciam na concentra??o de podofilotoxina e yate?na em Leptohyptis macrostachys in vitro, objetivo deste. A esp?cime Leptohyptis macrostachys foi estabelecida in vitro a partir de sementes coletadas na regi?o da Chapada Diamantina-Ba; estudando o ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o, a germinabilidade e o tempo m?dio de germina??o de sementes cultivadas em meio MS com diferentes concentra??es de sais constituintes deste meio, bem como diferentes concentra??es de sacarose e ?cido giber?lico. Foi estudado tamb?m, como fatores abi?ticos (meio de cultivo, fontes de carbono temperatura, fotoper?odo e trocas gasosas)e bi?tico (reguladores vegetais) influenciaram no desenvolvimento (quantidade de brotos folhas e ra?zes e presen?a de calos fri?veis, compactos ou oxidados) e na produ??o de podofilotoxina e yate?na. Para estudar a influ?ncia estes fatores na obten??o destes metab?litos, as plantas foram maceradas ? 40?C em etanol para a produ??o do extrato. Este foi particionado com ?gua e, ap?s tratamento espec?fico, injetado no CLAE. Foi estabelecido um protocolo de cultivo para Leptohyptis macrostachys a partir de sementes em meio MS ? suplementado com 1,5% de sacarose e 11,55?M de GA3; n?o houve forma??o significativa de calos nos tratamentos aplicados e a concentra??o da podofilotoxina foi favorecida quando L. macrostachys foi cultivada em meio MS ? suplementado com 1,5% de sacarose, fechada com filme de PVC e mantida em sala de crescimento a 30?C.
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