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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Exact D-optimal designs for multiresponse polynomial model

Chen, Hsin-Her 29 June 2000 (has links)
Consider the multiresponse polynomial regression model with one control variable and arbitrary covariance matrix among responses. The present results complement solutions by Krafft and Schaefer (1992) and Imhof (2000), who obtained the n-point D-optimal designs for the multiresponse regression model with one linear and one quadratic. We will show that the D-optimal design is invariant under linear transformation of the control variable. Moreover, the most cases of the exact D-optimal designs on [-1,1] for responses consisting of linear and quadratic polynomials only are derived. The efficiency of the exact D-optimal designs for the univariate quadratic model to that for the above model are also discussed. Some conjectures based on intensively numerical results are also included.
2

Extensões no método de comparação indireta aos pares para otimização de produtos com variáveis sensoriais

Dutra, Camila Costa January 2007 (has links)
Na otimização de produtos e processos industriais todas as medidas de qualidade devem ser consideradas simultaneamente. No setor alimentício para a avaliação de produtos são considerados, além de medidas usuais de qualidade, dados de painéis sensoriais. Esta dissertação apresenta o estudo de um método desenvolvido especificamente em um contexto de otimização de produtos com variáveis sensoriais: o método de Comparação Indireta aos Pares (CIP). Para coleta de dados, o CIP baseia-se na comparação pareada de amostras e para análise de dados utiliza elementos do AHP (Processo Analítico Hierárquico, na sigla em inglês). Neste método, são propostas extensões com vistas a torná-lo mais confiável e aumentar sua aplicabilidade. Para atingir esse propósito são feitas adaptações em diferentes procedimentos de coleta de dados sensoriais, assim como a validação de valores de referência utilizados na análise de dados e a construção de tabelas com valores de referência para casos onde o método CIP é aplicado. As melhorias propostas no método de CIP são ilustradas através de uma aplicação prática em uma empresa alimentícia, onde, deseja-se otimizar o processo de desenvolvimento de uma barra de chocolate. O método CIP é utilizado para determinar o percentual de ingredientes utilizados na formulação da barra de chocolate. / In the optimization of products and industrial processes several quality measures must be considered simultaneously. When analyzing food products, in addition to the usual measures of quality, the performance of products as measured by a sensory panel should be also taken into account. In this thesis we analyze a method developed specifically for the optimization of products with sensory variables: the Indirect Pairwise Comparison (IPC) method. Regarding the sensory data collection the IPC is based in the pairwise comparison of samples; as for data analysis, the method uses elements of the AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process). Extensions are proposed in the IPC in order to improve its reliability and applicability. For that matter we propose adaptations in different procedures for sensory data collection. We also validate some reference values used in the IPC’s data analysis framework and develop tables with reference values for special cases where the IPC method is applied. The proposed improvements are illustrated through a practical application in a food industry. In the case study it is desired to optimize the development of a chocolate bar. The IPC is used to determine the percentage of ingredients used in the product recipe.
3

Extensões no método de comparação indireta aos pares para otimização de produtos com variáveis sensoriais

Dutra, Camila Costa January 2007 (has links)
Na otimização de produtos e processos industriais todas as medidas de qualidade devem ser consideradas simultaneamente. No setor alimentício para a avaliação de produtos são considerados, além de medidas usuais de qualidade, dados de painéis sensoriais. Esta dissertação apresenta o estudo de um método desenvolvido especificamente em um contexto de otimização de produtos com variáveis sensoriais: o método de Comparação Indireta aos Pares (CIP). Para coleta de dados, o CIP baseia-se na comparação pareada de amostras e para análise de dados utiliza elementos do AHP (Processo Analítico Hierárquico, na sigla em inglês). Neste método, são propostas extensões com vistas a torná-lo mais confiável e aumentar sua aplicabilidade. Para atingir esse propósito são feitas adaptações em diferentes procedimentos de coleta de dados sensoriais, assim como a validação de valores de referência utilizados na análise de dados e a construção de tabelas com valores de referência para casos onde o método CIP é aplicado. As melhorias propostas no método de CIP são ilustradas através de uma aplicação prática em uma empresa alimentícia, onde, deseja-se otimizar o processo de desenvolvimento de uma barra de chocolate. O método CIP é utilizado para determinar o percentual de ingredientes utilizados na formulação da barra de chocolate. / In the optimization of products and industrial processes several quality measures must be considered simultaneously. When analyzing food products, in addition to the usual measures of quality, the performance of products as measured by a sensory panel should be also taken into account. In this thesis we analyze a method developed specifically for the optimization of products with sensory variables: the Indirect Pairwise Comparison (IPC) method. Regarding the sensory data collection the IPC is based in the pairwise comparison of samples; as for data analysis, the method uses elements of the AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process). Extensions are proposed in the IPC in order to improve its reliability and applicability. For that matter we propose adaptations in different procedures for sensory data collection. We also validate some reference values used in the IPC’s data analysis framework and develop tables with reference values for special cases where the IPC method is applied. The proposed improvements are illustrated through a practical application in a food industry. In the case study it is desired to optimize the development of a chocolate bar. The IPC is used to determine the percentage of ingredients used in the product recipe.
4

Extensões no método de comparação indireta aos pares para otimização de produtos com variáveis sensoriais

Dutra, Camila Costa January 2007 (has links)
Na otimização de produtos e processos industriais todas as medidas de qualidade devem ser consideradas simultaneamente. No setor alimentício para a avaliação de produtos são considerados, além de medidas usuais de qualidade, dados de painéis sensoriais. Esta dissertação apresenta o estudo de um método desenvolvido especificamente em um contexto de otimização de produtos com variáveis sensoriais: o método de Comparação Indireta aos Pares (CIP). Para coleta de dados, o CIP baseia-se na comparação pareada de amostras e para análise de dados utiliza elementos do AHP (Processo Analítico Hierárquico, na sigla em inglês). Neste método, são propostas extensões com vistas a torná-lo mais confiável e aumentar sua aplicabilidade. Para atingir esse propósito são feitas adaptações em diferentes procedimentos de coleta de dados sensoriais, assim como a validação de valores de referência utilizados na análise de dados e a construção de tabelas com valores de referência para casos onde o método CIP é aplicado. As melhorias propostas no método de CIP são ilustradas através de uma aplicação prática em uma empresa alimentícia, onde, deseja-se otimizar o processo de desenvolvimento de uma barra de chocolate. O método CIP é utilizado para determinar o percentual de ingredientes utilizados na formulação da barra de chocolate. / In the optimization of products and industrial processes several quality measures must be considered simultaneously. When analyzing food products, in addition to the usual measures of quality, the performance of products as measured by a sensory panel should be also taken into account. In this thesis we analyze a method developed specifically for the optimization of products with sensory variables: the Indirect Pairwise Comparison (IPC) method. Regarding the sensory data collection the IPC is based in the pairwise comparison of samples; as for data analysis, the method uses elements of the AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process). Extensions are proposed in the IPC in order to improve its reliability and applicability. For that matter we propose adaptations in different procedures for sensory data collection. We also validate some reference values used in the IPC’s data analysis framework and develop tables with reference values for special cases where the IPC method is applied. The proposed improvements are illustrated through a practical application in a food industry. In the case study it is desired to optimize the development of a chocolate bar. The IPC is used to determine the percentage of ingredients used in the product recipe.
5

Evaluation of instantaneous and cumulative models for reactivity ratio estimation with multiresponse scenarios

Zhou, Xiaoqin January 2004 (has links)
Estimating reactivity ratios in multicomponent polymerizations is becoming increasingly important. At the same time, using cumulative models is becoming imperative, as some multicomponent systems are inherently so fast that instantaneous "approximate" models can not be used. In the first part of the thesis, triad fractions (sequence length characteristics) are employed in a multiresponse scenario, investigating different error structures and levels. A comparison is given between instantaneous triad fraction models and instantaneous composition model, which represent the current state-of-the-art. In the second part of the thesis, extensions are discussed with cumulative composition and triad fraction models over the whole conversion range, thus relating the problem of reactivity ratio estimation to the optimal design of experiments (i. e. optimal sampling) over polymerization time and conversion. The performance of cumulative multiresponse models is superior to that of their instantaneous counterparts, which can be explained from an information content point of view. As a side-project, the existence of azeotropic points is investigated in terpolymer (Alfrey-Goldfinger equation) and tetrapolymer (Walling-Briggs equation) systems.
6

Evaluation of instantaneous and cumulative models for reactivity ratio estimation with multiresponse scenarios

Zhou, Xiaoqin January 2004 (has links)
Estimating reactivity ratios in multicomponent polymerizations is becoming increasingly important. At the same time, using cumulative models is becoming imperative, as some multicomponent systems are inherently so fast that instantaneous "approximate" models can not be used. In the first part of the thesis, triad fractions (sequence length characteristics) are employed in a multiresponse scenario, investigating different error structures and levels. A comparison is given between instantaneous triad fraction models and instantaneous composition model, which represent the current state-of-the-art. In the second part of the thesis, extensions are discussed with cumulative composition and triad fraction models over the whole conversion range, thus relating the problem of reactivity ratio estimation to the optimal design of experiments (i. e. optimal sampling) over polymerization time and conversion. The performance of cumulative multiresponse models is superior to that of their instantaneous counterparts, which can be explained from an information content point of view. As a side-project, the existence of azeotropic points is investigated in terpolymer (Alfrey-Goldfinger equation) and tetrapolymer (Walling-Briggs equation) systems.
7

Estudo do processo de cultivo da microalga chlorella minutíssima e caracterização termoquímica de sua biomassa para aplicação em gaseificação / Study of the cultivation process of microalgae chlorella minutíssima and thermochemical characterization of its biomass for application in gasification

Laiate, Juliana 31 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Juliana Laiate (jlaiatetana@gmail.com) on 2018-10-04T19:13:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Laiate_Tese Doutorado_Correção Biblioteca_Versão Final.pdf: 5872852 bytes, checksum: c627770397e856b9d9aba7d0f399f835 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-10-05T13:30:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 laiate_j_dr_guara.pdf: 5872852 bytes, checksum: c627770397e856b9d9aba7d0f399f835 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T13:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 laiate_j_dr_guara.pdf: 5872852 bytes, checksum: c627770397e856b9d9aba7d0f399f835 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / Outra / O interesse na diversificação da matriz energética por meio de fontes de energias renováveis tem promovido mudanças no âmbito nacional e internacional, em setores acadêmicos, industriais, sociais e governamentais com foco no desenvolvimento de processos biotecnológicos baseados nos três pilares da sustentabilidade: ambiental, social e econômico. Frente a esse contexto, as microalgas são consideradas uma fonte promissora alternativa para a produção de biocombustíveis por apresentarem alta taxa de crescimento e de concentração de lipídeos. O presente trabalho realizou um estudo do processo de cultivo da microalga marinha Chlorella minutíssima por meio da ferramenta DOE – Design of Experiments para maximização da sua concentração microalgal e do teor lipídico simultaneamente, além de sua caracterização termoquímica para aplicação no processo de gaseificação. O cultivo ocorreu em fotobiorreator tubular descontínuo do tipo coluna de bolhas seguindo o arranjo ortogonal L8 de Taguchi, e as variáveis de processo foram fluxo de CO2 na alimentação, concentração de nitrato, concentração de fosfato, suplementação, temperatura e salinidade. A investigação demonstrou que a concentração de nitrato e fosfato, o fluxo de gás carbônico, a suplementação do meio e a temperatura são fatores influentes na concentração microalgal e no teor lipídico, sendo a melhor configuração para maximização conjunta, utilizando-se a função desirability, com o nitrato operando em nível alto e os demais fatores em nível baixo. A análise elementar forneceu teores condizentes com alguns relatos da literatura, a termogravimetria auxiliou na identificação das faixas de temperatura com maior taxa de decomposição (300 °C a 400 °C), e o poder calorífico superior da biomassa encontrado se demonstrou atrativo para a produção de syngas quando comparado ao de materiais como casca de arroz e lascas de eucalipto já empregados na gaseificação em maior escala. Dessa forma, a metodologia empregada e os resultados apresentados neste trabalho podem auxiliar na busca da viabilização econômica do cultivo, em grande escala, da microalga marinha Chlorella minutíssima para produção de biocombustível pelo processo de gaseificação. / The interest in diversifying the energy matrix through renewable energy sources has promoted changes at the national and international levels in academic, industrial, social and governmental sectors, focused on the development of biotechnological processes based on the three pillars of sustainability: environmental, social and economic. In this context, microalgae are considered a strong promising alternative source for the production of biofuels due to their high rate of growth and lipid concentration. The present work carried out a study of the cultivation process of the marine microalgae Chlorella minutíssima using DOE – Design of Experiments to maximize the cell growth and the lipid content simultaneously, besides its thermochemical characterization for application in the gasification process. Cultivation occurred in a discontinuous-tubular photobioreactor, bubble-column type, following Taguchi L8 Orthogonal Array design, and the process variables were: CO2 feed flow rate, nitrate concentration, phosphate concentration, supplementation (metals and vitamins), temperature and salinity. Results showed that the nitrate and phosphate concentration, CO2 feed flow, supplements and temperature are influential factors in the cell growth and lipid content, and the best configuration presenting good results for simultaneous maximization, using desirability, was nitrate operating at high level and the other factors at low level. Ultimate analysis provided levels consistent with some reports in the literature. Thermogravimetric analysis identified the temperature ranges with the highest decomposition rate (300 °C to 400 °C). The higher heating value of the biomass found was attractive for the production of syngas when compared to raw materials such as rice husk and eucalyptus chips already used in the larger scale gasification. In face of, the methodology employed and the results presented in this work can be useful in seeking economic feasibility of the large-scale cultivation of Chlorella minutíssima for the production of biofuels by the gasification process. / PRH48 - ANP
8

Parameter Optimization Of Chemically Activated Mortars Containing High Volumes Of Pozzolan By Statistical Design And Analysis Of Experiments

Aldemir, Basak 01 January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
ABSTRACT PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED MORTARS CONTAINING HIGH VOLUMES OF POZZOLAN BY STATISTICAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS Aldemir, BaSak M.S., Department of Industrial Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. &Ouml / mer Saat&ccedil / ioglu Co-Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lutfullah Turanli January 2006, 167 pages This thesis illustrates parameter optimization of early and late compressive strengths of chemically activated mortars containing high volumes of pozzolan by statistical design and analysis of experiments. Four dominant parameters in chemical activation of natural pozzolans are chosen for the research, which are natural pozzolan replacement, amount of pozzolan passing 45 &amp / #956 / m sieve, activator dosage and activator type. Response surface methodology has been employed in statistical design and analysis of experiments. Based on various second-order response surface designs / experimental data has been collected, best regression models have been chosen and optimized. In addition to the optimization of early and late strength responses separately, simultaneous optimization of compressive strength with several other responses such as cost, and standard deviation estimate has also been performed. Research highlight is the uniqueness of the statistical optimization approach to chemical activation of natural pozzolans.

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