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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Controle preditivo aplicado à planta piloto de neutralização de pH. / Predictive control applied to a pH neutralization pilot plant.

Favaro, Juliana 27 September 2012 (has links)
Uma das técnicas de controle avançado que vem ganhando destaque no cenário econômico e ecológico, focando maior sustentabilidade e a otimização dos processos, é o controle preditivo, o qual já vem sendo aplicado em indústrias químicas e petroquímicas. Esta dissertação trata do desenvolvimento de um controle preditivo aplicado a uma planta piloto de neutralização de pH, presente no Laboratório de Controle de Processos Industriais da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo. O desenvolvimento do projeto pode ser dividido em quatro etapas: implementação das malhas de controle regulatório, identificação dos sistemas, construção do controlador preditivo, aplicações e análises experimentais. Na primeira etapa foi necessário estudar o sistema em questão e implementar algumas malhas internas usando controladores PID. Na segunda etapa foi realizada a identificação do modelo da planta, ressaltando que pontos de operação e ajuste de parâmetros internos são determinantes para a modelagem. Já na terceira etapa desenvolveu-se um controlador preditivo, através de softwares auxiliares como o MATLAB e o IIT 800xA da ABB, que foram utilizados para o desenvolvimento e implementação do algoritmo de controle. Por fim, na última etapa, foi feita a análise e comparação dos resultados, quando se submete à planta a um controlador PID, quando aplicado um controlador preditivo em cascata com controladores PID e quando se utiliza apenas o controlador preditivo com ação direta nos atuadores. / The predictive control is an advanced control technique which has gained evidence in the economic and ecological context because the search for sustainability and process optimization. This control has already been applied by the chemical and petrochemical industries. The purpose of this project is to develop a predictive controller which will be applied in a pH neutralization plant located in the Industrial Processes Control Laboratory at Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo. The development of this project can be divided into four stages: implementation of regulatory control loops, identification of the system, construction of the predictive controller, applications and experimental analysis. The first step is necessary in order to study the plant and to implement some internal loops using PID controllers. In the second step, the identification process of the plant model will be done. It is important to note that operating points and internal parameter settings are very important for modeling. In the third stage, using the model obtained from the identification process, a predictive controller is built from auxiliary software such as MATLAB and IIT 800xA (by ABB), which will be used for the development and implementation of the control algorithm. Finally, the last step consists in collecting and analyzing the results of the pH neutralization plant. At this stage the responses of each controller will be compared: PID controller, MPC controller in cascade mode with PID and MPC controller acting directly on actuators.
2

Ψηφιακός έλεγχος θερμικής διεργασίας

Κουτρούλη, Ελένη 22 September 2009 (has links)
Σε αυτήν την διπλωματική εργασία μελετήσαμε το σύστημα ελέγχου θερμοκρασίας και στάθμης νερού σε δεξαμενή. Αρχικά αναφέρουμε γενικά στοιχεία θεωρίας σχετικά με τον σχεδιασμό συστημάτων ελέγχου στον χώρο κατάστασης και πιο συγκεκριμένα αναλύουμε την μέθοδο ελέγχου με βάση την αυθαίρετη τοποθέτηση πόλων. Στην συνέχεια ασχολούμαστε μεμονωμένα με τον έλεγχο στάθμης νερού σε δεξαμενή. Περιγράφουμε το φυσικό σύστημα και την μονάδα ελέγχου την οποί α χρησιμοποιήσαμε στον χώρο του εργαστηρίου. Έπειτα από μια σειρά πειραμάτων τα οποία εκτελέσαμε και με βάση τις μετρήσεις τις οποίες πήραμε ,μπορέσαμε να υπολογίσουμε τα χαρακτηριστικά των επιμέρους ηλεκτρομηχανολογικών στοιχείων της πειραματικής μας διάταξης, όπως για παράδειγμα της αντλίας νερού, της μονάδας μέτρησης της στάθμης ,καθώς και τα χαρακτηριστικά της στατικής διεργασίας. Ομοίως πράξαμε και για τον έλεγχο θερμοκρασίας νερού σε δεξαμενή και έτσι μπορέσαμε να υπολογίσουμε τα χαρακτηριστικά του στοιχείου θέρμανσης. Στην συνέχεια, δίνουμε την περιγραφή του ολικού συστήματος ελέγχου στάθμης και θερμοκρασίας νερού σε δεξαμενή. Αφού εξάγουμε τις μαθηματικές εξισώσεις οι οποίες περιγράφουν το σύστημα στην μόνιμη κατάσταση, συμπεραίνουμε πως το σύστημα είναι μη γραμμικό. Σχεδιάζουμε το μη γραμμικό σύστημα στο Simulink και γράφοντας κατάλληλο κώδικα στο Matlab μπορέσαμε να γραμμικοποιήσουμε το σύστημά μας γύρω από ένα συγκεκριμένο σημείο λειτουργίας και το διακριτοποιήσαμε. Έπειτα, πάλι με την βοήθεια του λογισμικού προγράμματος Matlab σχεδιάσαμε έναν ελεγκτή με την μέθοδο τοποθέτησης πόλων και τον εφαρμόσαμε στο μη γραμμικό σύστημα για διάφορες τιμές πόλων και εξάγαμε τα συμπεράσματά μας από τα αντίστοιχα διαγράμματα όσων φορά την καλύτερη απόκριση του συστήματος. Την ίδια διαδικασία με παραπάνω εφαρμόσαμε και για ένα διαφορετικό σημείο λειτουργίας του συστήματος. / -
3

Controle preditivo aplicado à planta piloto de neutralização de pH. / Predictive control applied to a pH neutralization pilot plant.

Juliana Favaro 27 September 2012 (has links)
Uma das técnicas de controle avançado que vem ganhando destaque no cenário econômico e ecológico, focando maior sustentabilidade e a otimização dos processos, é o controle preditivo, o qual já vem sendo aplicado em indústrias químicas e petroquímicas. Esta dissertação trata do desenvolvimento de um controle preditivo aplicado a uma planta piloto de neutralização de pH, presente no Laboratório de Controle de Processos Industriais da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo. O desenvolvimento do projeto pode ser dividido em quatro etapas: implementação das malhas de controle regulatório, identificação dos sistemas, construção do controlador preditivo, aplicações e análises experimentais. Na primeira etapa foi necessário estudar o sistema em questão e implementar algumas malhas internas usando controladores PID. Na segunda etapa foi realizada a identificação do modelo da planta, ressaltando que pontos de operação e ajuste de parâmetros internos são determinantes para a modelagem. Já na terceira etapa desenvolveu-se um controlador preditivo, através de softwares auxiliares como o MATLAB e o IIT 800xA da ABB, que foram utilizados para o desenvolvimento e implementação do algoritmo de controle. Por fim, na última etapa, foi feita a análise e comparação dos resultados, quando se submete à planta a um controlador PID, quando aplicado um controlador preditivo em cascata com controladores PID e quando se utiliza apenas o controlador preditivo com ação direta nos atuadores. / The predictive control is an advanced control technique which has gained evidence in the economic and ecological context because the search for sustainability and process optimization. This control has already been applied by the chemical and petrochemical industries. The purpose of this project is to develop a predictive controller which will be applied in a pH neutralization plant located in the Industrial Processes Control Laboratory at Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo. The development of this project can be divided into four stages: implementation of regulatory control loops, identification of the system, construction of the predictive controller, applications and experimental analysis. The first step is necessary in order to study the plant and to implement some internal loops using PID controllers. In the second step, the identification process of the plant model will be done. It is important to note that operating points and internal parameter settings are very important for modeling. In the third stage, using the model obtained from the identification process, a predictive controller is built from auxiliary software such as MATLAB and IIT 800xA (by ABB), which will be used for the development and implementation of the control algorithm. Finally, the last step consists in collecting and analyzing the results of the pH neutralization plant. At this stage the responses of each controller will be compared: PID controller, MPC controller in cascade mode with PID and MPC controller acting directly on actuators.

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