Orientador: Maeli Dal Pai Silva / Banca: Margarida Maria Barros / Banca: Fabíola Valdez Domingues / Resumo: A tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L.), amplamente utilizada na piscicultura brasileira, destaca-se por apresentar inúmeras qualidades para o mercado consumidor. Assim como ocorre com outras espécies de peixes, o desenvolvimento muscular das tilápias pode sofrer a influência de diversos fatores (extrínsecos e intrínsecos), podendo assim comprometer os custos de produção. Neste estudo, objetivamos avaliar a morfologia e a expressão de genes que controlam o crescimento muscular em tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) da linhagem GIFT cultivada em diferentes temperaturas. Noventa peixes (n=10) de uma população monosexo de machos revertidos, pesando aproximadamente 1,4 g, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em seis caixas d'água de 0,5 m3 em sistema de recirculação d'água e cultivados em três diferentes temperaturas (22, 28 e 30° C) durante 7, 30 e 60 dias. Foram realizadas análises biométricas e morfológicas, bem como análises de expressão gênica dos fatores reguladores miogênicos (MyoD e Miogenina) e do fator de crescimento Miostatina. A análise de expressão gênica foi realizada através da técnica de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real após Transcrição Reversa (qRT-PCR). Os dados de peso(g) e comprimento padrão (cm) demonstraram que a temperatura pode influenciar o ganho de peso final, sendo que os animais cultivados a 22°C apresentaram menor peso a partir do 30º dia, quando comparado com os animais cultivados a 28 e 30°C. A análise morfométrica (distribuição do diâmetro médio das fibras), não apresentou diferenças significativas entre os animais nas temperaturas estudadas. Entretanto, os animais cultivados a 22 e 30°C apresentaram comportamento similar na distribuição do diâmetro médio das fibras. A análise de expressão gênica para a MyoD, apresentou os maiores... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo). / Abstract: The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.), widely used in Brasilian aquaculture, stands out for its numerous qualities to the consumer market. As with other fish species, tilapia muscle development may be influenced by several factors (extrinsic and intrinsic) and, thus, it can lead to compromise production costs. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology and expression of genes that control muscle growth in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) of GIFT strain grown at different temperatures. Ninety fish (n = 10) of a reverted males monosex population, weighing about 1.4 g were randomly divided into six water tanks of 0.5 m3 of water recirculation system and reared in three different temperatures (22, 28 and 30 ° C ) for 7, 30 and 60 days. It was performed biometric and morphological analysis, along with gene expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD and myogenin) and growth factor myostatin analysis. The gene expression analysis was performed using the technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction Real-Time after Reverse Transcription (qRT-PCR). Weight (g) and standard length (cm) data showed that temperature can influence final weight gain, and the animals grown at 22 ° C had lower weight from the 30th day, when compared with animals reared at 28 and 30 ° C. The morphometric analysis (distribution of the fiber mean diameter), did not show significant differences among animals in the studied temperatures. However, animals reared at 22 and 30 ° C showed similar behavior in the distribution of the fiber mean diameter. The gene expression analysis for MyoD, showed the highest mRNA levels in animals grown at 22 ° C, when compared to animals reared at 28 and 30 ° C in almost all studied periods. The levels of mRNA for the myogenin were constant at all studied temperatures and periods. At seven days... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The purpose of the study was to determine the accuracy of 11 prediction equations in estimating the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press from repetitions completed by collegiate football players (N = 69) using 225 lb. The demographic variables race, age, height, weight, fat-free weight, and percent body fat were measured to determine whether these variables increased the accuracy of the prediction equations; race was the most frequently selected variable in the regression analyses. The validity of the prediction equations was dependent upon the number of repetitions performed, i.e., validity was higher when fewer repetitions were completed. Explained variability of 1RM was slightly higher for all 11 equations when demographic variables were included. A new prediction equation was also developed using the number of repetitions performed and the demographic variables height and fat-free weight.

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