The overall goal of this study was to identify mineralized scaffolds which can serve as potential alternatives to bone graft substitutes intended for cleft palate repair. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the role of fibrinogen (Fg) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) in enhancing mineralization potential of polydioxanone (PDO) electrospun scaffolds. Scaffolds were fabricated by blending PDO:nHA:Fg in the following weight ratios: 100:0:0, 50:25:25, 50:50:0, 50:0:50, 0:0:100 and 0:50:50. Scaffolds were immersed in different simulated body fluids for 5 and 14 days to induce mineralization. The inclusion of fibrinogen induced sheet-like mineralization while individual fiber mineralization was noticed in its absence. Modified protocols of alizarin red staining and burn-out test were developed to quantify mineral content of scaffolds. After mineralization, 50:50:0 scaffolds were still porous and contained the most mineral. 50:25:25 scaffolds had the highest mineralization potential but lacked porosity. Therefore, it can be anticipated that these mineralized organic-inorganic electrospun scaffolds will induce bone formation.

Submitted by Verônica Esteves (vevenesteves@gmail.com) on 2017-09-28T19:33:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Flávio Gasperini.pdf: 2318649 bytes, checksum: af9486980e507779dbd5975709e84b4d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Verônica Esteves (vevenesteves@gmail.com) on 2017-09-28T19:34:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Flávio Gasperini.pdf: 2318649 bytes, checksum: af9486980e507779dbd5975709e84b4d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T19:34:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Flávio Gasperini.pdf: 2318649 bytes, checksum: af9486980e507779dbd5975709e84b4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Consultório / Os defeitos críticos ósseos oriundos de trauma, tumores ou doenças degenerativas determinam um desafio no campo da Ortopedia, visto que a reconstrução cirúrgica se faz necessária através de enxertos ósseos. Apesar de os enxertos autógenos serem considerados um “padrão ouro”, as cerâmicas sintéticas a base de Hidroxiapatita (HA) são materiais muito promissores, devido às suas inerentes características biocompatíveis. A possibilidade de diminuição do tamanho das partículas em escala nanométrica e o advento da hidroxiapatita nanoestruturada podem melhorar a remodelação óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta tecidual e a biocompatibilidade de esferas de HA produzidas a partir de partículas nanométricas em comparação às esferas de HA produzidas a partir de partículas micrométricas, ambas no estado sinterizado e não-sinterizado (Sem tratamento térmico), bem como seu potencial de degradação e osteogênese, em relação ao grupo controle (coágulo). Os biomateriais foram implantados em defeitos ósseos nas tíbias de 12 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia (Oryctolagus cuniculus), pesando entre 2000g e 3500g. As esferas (425-600 μm) tiveram as propriedades físicas e químicas caracterizadas por DRX, FT-IR, MEV e foram também submetidas ao teste de dissolução. Os animais foram divididos randomicamente em cinco grupos: Grupo 1 (Controle) – coágulo sanguíneo; Grupo 2 – HA Sinterizada; Grupo 3 – HA Sem tratamento térmico; Grupo 4 – NanoHA Sinterizada; e Grupo 5 – Sem tratamento térmico. Os animais foram mortos 7 e 28 dias após a cirurgia e as amostras submetidas ao processamento histológico. As esferas não-tratadas eram menos cristalinas que as sinterizadas (DRX e FT-IR), sendo mais solúveis in vitro (teste de dissolução). In vivo, a nanoHA e a HA, ambas sem tratamento térmico, dissolveram e promoveram maior formação de tecido ósseo em relação às esferas sinterizadas. Concluiu-se que os materiais se mostraram biocompatíveis e osteocondutores, porém a neoformação óssea foi mais acentuada nos grupos da HA e nanoHA não-tratadas termicamente. / Bone critical defects from trauma, tumors or degenerative diseases prescribe a challenge in orthopedics, since surgical reconstruction is required by bone grafts. Although autografts are considered a gold standard, the synthetic ceramics based on hydroxyapatite (HA) are promising materials due to their inherent characteristics biocompatible. The possibility of decreasing the size of the particles at the nanometer scale and the advent of nanostructured hydroxyapatite may improve bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue response and biocompatibility of HA spheres shape made from nano-sized particles compared to the HA spheres made from micro-sized particles, both in sintered and non-heat treated as well as its potential for degradation and osteogenesis compared to control group (clot). The spheres (425-600 μm) had the physical and chemical properties characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and were also subjected to dissolution test and the biomaterials were implanted in bone defects on 12 New Zealand rabbit’s tibiae (Oryctolagus cuniculus), weighing between 2000g and 3500g. The animals were randomly divided into five groups: Group 1 (Control) - blood clot, Group 2 - sintered HA, Group 3 - non-heat treated HA, Group 4 - sintered NanoHA and Group 5 - non-heat treated NanoHA. Animals were euthanized at 7 and 28 days after surgery and samples submitted to histological procedings. The non-heat treated had a lower cristallinity that the sintered materials (XRD and FT-IR), being more soluble in vitro (dissolution tests). In vivo, NanoHA and HA, both non-treated, degraded and promoted greater bone formation in relation to the sintered spheres. In conclusion, materials showed biocompatibility and osteoconduction, but the bone formation was more accentuated in the non-heat treated groups.

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