Thesis (M.Ch.E.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Norman J. Wagner, Dept. of Chemical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2011. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-146). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.) -- Virginia Commonwealth University, 2004. / Title from title-page of electronic thesis. Prepared for: Dept. of Chemistry. Bibliography: p. 218-236.

Thesis (M.D.S.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. / Whetten, Robert, Committee Member ; Wang, Z.L., Committee Member ; Perry, Joe, Committee Member ; El-Sayed, Mostafa A., Committee Chair ; Orlando, Thomas, Committee Member.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-66). Also available in electronic version.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 24, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-69).

Orientador: Antonio Carlos Dias Ângelo / Banca: Dayse Iara dos Santos / Banca: Joelma Perez / Resumo: No presente trabalho foram estudadas as reações de oxidação do glicerol, em meio alcalino (KOH), sobre a superfície dos materiais Au/C, AuSn/C e Au2Bi/C, sintetizados por microemulsão, e AuSn/C e Au2Bi/C, sintetizados por redução por poliol. A caracterização física dos materiais foi realizada por DRX e EDX. Pelos difratogramas obtidos, foi verificado que, através do método da microemulsão, ligas AuSn/C e Au2Bi/C foram formadas, e que pelo método de redução por poliol ocorreu formação de cluster, constituído por Au e Sn, e de um material formado pela liga Au2Bi/C e por Bi. A liga AuSn/C não apresentoyu variação significativa na composição atômica obtida por EDX em relação a razão atômica nominal, indicando que o método de microemulsão foi eficiente na preparação desse material. Já o cluster, apesar de ter tido reprodutividade nos diferentes pontos analisados, não apresentou a composição atômica esperada. Em relação aos materiais formados por Bi, estes não mostraram coerência nos resultados obtidos por EDX. A caracterização eletroquímica da superfície foi realizada por voltametria cíclica. O desempenho eletroquímico dos materiais frente ao processo eletro-oxidação do glicerol foi avaliado tanto por voltametria como por cronoamperometria. Todos os materiais apresentaram desempenho eletroquímico, porém a liga AuSn/C foi a que apresentou os melhores resultados devido a um efeito eletrônico e um possível efeito bifuncional / Abstract: In the present work, we studied the oxidation reaction of glycerol, in alkaline medium (KOH), on the surface of Au/C, AuSn/C e Au2Bi/C materials, synthesized by microemulsion, and Au/Sn/C and Au2Bi/C, by reduction of polyol. The physical characterization of materials was performed by XRD and EDX. By diffractograms obtained it was found that, by the microemulsion method, AuSn/C and Au2Bi/C alloys have been formed, and by the polyol reduction method, occurred cluster formation consisting of Au and Sn, and a material formed by the Au2Bi/C alloy and Bi. The AuSn/C alloy showed no significant variation in the atomic composition obtained by EDX in relation to the nominal atomic ratio, indicating that the microemulsion method was effective in preparing this material. However, the cluster, despite having reproducibility from various points analyzed did not show the expected atomic composition. In relation to the materials formed by Bi, these showed no coherence in the results obtained by EDX. The electrochemical characterization of the surface was accomplished by cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical performance of the material against glycerol electrooxidation was assessed both by voltammetry and by chronoamperometry. All materials presented electrochemical performance, but the AuSn/C showed the best results, probality due to an electronic effect, and a possible bifunctional effect / Mestre

In this work, the pneumatic spray pyrolysis was used to synthesize un-doped and carbon doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. The zinc acetate, tetrabutylammonium bromide and ethanol were used as starting materials for the desired ZnO nanoparticles and the prepared samples were annealed at 400 oC in the furnace. The as synthesized un-doped and carbon doped ZnO NPs were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy (RS) and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). XRD analysis of the synthesized NPs revealed peaks at 31.90°, 34.50°, 36.34°, 47.73°, 56.88°, 63.04°, 68.20°, and 77.33° belonging to the hexagonal Wurtzite ZnO crystal structure. The incorporation of C species into ZnO lattice was cross examined by monitoring the peak positions of the (100), (002) and (001) planes. These three main peaks of C-ZnO NPs show a peak shift to higher 2θ values which indicates substitutional carbon doping in ZnO NPs. SEM analysis has revealed that the as synthesized NPs have spherical shape and the morphology of the NPs change as the concentration of carbon increases. The EDX spectra of both un-doped and doped ZnO nanoparticles have revealed prominent peaks at 0.51 keV, 1.01 keV, 1.49 keV, 8.87 keV and 9.86 keV. Peaks at, X-ray energies of 0.51 keV and 1.01 keV respectively represent the emissions from the K-shell of oxygen and L-shell of zinc. The L-shell emission at 1.01 keV is considered as convolution of Zn 2p3/2 and Zn 2p1/2 photoelectron energies. The occurrence of these peaks in the EDX endorses the existence of Zn and O atoms in the PSP prepared samples. HRTEM analysis has revealed NPs size modal range from 6.65-14.21 nm for the PSP synthesized samples which is in mutual agreement with the XRD data calculated values. More over the selected area diffraction images displaying the fact that only the diffraction planes of (101), (002) and (100) are responsible for the diffraction pattern belonging to Wurtzite ZnO. RS analysis has revealed that the un-doped ZnO and doped ZnO samples have characteristic Raman vibration modes at 325 cm-1, and 434 cm-1 belonging to Wurtzite ZnO structure. Moreover, the prominent peak at 434 cm-1 which is the characteristic peak of E2(2) (high) mode of the Wurtzite ZnO and the E2(2) (high) has been red shifted by 4 cm-1, as compared to that found in the bulk ZnO. Additionally, the effect of carbon doping through Raman spectroscopy peak shifts of the E2(2) (high) mode, A1(LO) mode and multi-phonon has also been considered and discussed in detail. UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has revealed a red shift of the absorption edge with increase in C doping. Finally, the effect of nano-crystallite size and gradual prominence of C into ZnO lattice due to increase in C doping concentration in the PSP prepared nanoparticles was meticulously elaborated through Raman Spectroscopy analysis.