Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-143).

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1990.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-143). Also available in print.

This study explores how the representation of the drug-addict in Hollywood cinema has changed due to governmental and studio policy change, social shifts of opinion, and economic structure. This discussion and exploration primarily focuses upon narrative Hollywood film as this industry has a long and varied history of addiction films. While there have been a variety of shifts in the depiction of drug-addiction due to social changes and industry regulation, perhaps at no other time in cinema history has the culmination of economics, politics, and independent art had such a large impact on the depiction of addiction than in the 1970s. This defining decade did more than alter the social perspective on drug usage; it set the stage for a drastic alteration in the perception of drug-addiction that occurred in the decades to follow. The Seventies were filled with social upheaval and a powerful youth movement that altered the representation greatly. This study discusses three types of drug-addiction representation and the social, political, and economic context in which they reflect and influence. While the social importance placed upon cinema is not questioned in this investigation, the techniques of representation of the addict in film are explored. I examine three characterizations in the addiction films of the 1970s. These phases include, but are not limited to representations of African-Americans, war veterans, and narcissists as drug-addicts in American cinema. I propose that the representation of the addict has shifted due more to sociological impacts rather than an audience-centered and message driven approach. Expounding further, I argue that the sociological impacts, such as federal legislation, are more impacting on the representation of the drug-addict in film rather than a decisive message about addiction for the benefit of the audience. The political-economic, cultural dynamic also plays a significant role in the development of such representation

This thesis is an analysis of aspects of international narcotics law enforcement from 1949-1959.

The nexus between terrorism and narcotics is historically well documented. However, its contemporary development is rarely brought to light. Rather, narcoterrorism is often considered to be an outdated phenomenon and characteristic of only Latin America. Nevertheless, narcoterrorism continues to be a global security concern. As terrorism has evolved over the recent decade, terrorist relations to the narcotic industry have also evolved. Understanding the unique characteristics of contemporary narcoterrorism is important to effectively combating both terrorism and narcotics globally. The intent of this thesis is to comparatively analyze the differences between traditional and contemporary terrorist organizations, and how these differences will affect the international nexus between the narcotic industry and terrorist organizations. The presented research supports the argument of an increasingly strong connection between contemporary terrorist organizations and the contemporary narcotic industry. Case study examples will give testimony to the historically significant and negative effects of narcoterrorism and illustrate the future of narcoterrorism. The overall objectives of this research project is to raise awareness of the role of contemporary narcoterrorism and to promote greater acknowledgement of its potential.

No description available.

Fatal and non-fatal opioid overdoses resulting from opioid induced respiratory depression are a significant problem throughout the world. Whilst the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone hydrochloride, can effectively reverse opioid overdoses, its use is limited because of the adverse effects it produces. These include severe withdrawal and the reversal of analgesia produced by opioid receptor agonists. In this project, the peripherally acting opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone methiodide, was investigated for its potential to reverse opioid induced respiratory depression without altering centrally mediated effects, such as withdrawal. In the publications presented in this thesis, naloxone hydrochloride and naloxone methiodide were shown to effectively reverse the decreases in respiratory rate produced by the administration of morphine, methadone and heroin in mice. Naloxone hydrochloride and naloxone methiodide also reversed the analgesia produced by these opioid receptor agonist treatments, but only naloxone hydrochloride induced significant withdrawal. The doses of naloxone methiodide required to produce the effects described above were higher than the naloxone hydrochloride doses required. Radioligand binding techniques indicated that this was due to a difference in the affinity of naloxone hydrochloride and naloxone methiodide for µ, δ and κ opioid receptor binding sites. Radioligand binding techniques were also used to confirm that naloxone methiodide, or its metabolites, could not readily cross the blood brain barrier. Therefore, the effects of naloxone methiodide appear to be mediated outside the central nervous system. The final publication aimed to extend our knowledge of opioid induced respiratory depression by utilising new radiotelemetry technology to test the efficacy of naloxone methiodide in rats subjected to a chronic opioid administration regime. This experiment showed that circadian rhythm plays a role in the development of tolerance to the cardiorespiratory effects of continuous and chronic methadone administration, and that naloxone hydrochloride and naloxone methiodide treatment can increase respiratory rate and heart rate after this methadone administration. Therefore, naloxone methiodide can effectively antagonise the peripheral effects produced by opioid receptor agonists. Peripherally acting opioid receptor antagonists should be developed in the future to prevent or treat the adverse effects of opioid receptor agonists. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, 2004.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.