The effect of natural compound AN30 on oral cancer cell line (Ca9-22), and normal oral cell line (HGF-1) was investigated. AN30 was purified from native fern plant Thelypteris torresiana. It had been reported to induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA damage, cell growth inhibition in lung cancer cells, breast cancer cells and prostate cancer cells, but the effect in oral cancer is unknown. In a preliminary test, AN30 shows high toxicity to oral cancer cells but not normal oral cells. After treatment of AN30 to oral cancer cells, caspase activation and comet assays were performed to verity apoptosis induction. 2-D electrophoresis was used to find out the differentially expressed proteins between normal and cancer oral cell line under AN30 treatment. The proteins were further identified by LC/MS and western blot. The mechanism of these candidate proteins on drug toxicity remains further investigation.

Orientadores: Hisroshi Aoyama, Carmen Verissima Ferreira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T15:31:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sousa_RobertaReginaRuelade_D.pdf: 21488471 bytes, checksum: e07168c1121fd17c1a2f6c9e820ff8eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A busca por compostos que atuem especificamente no tumor e causem menos efeitos colaterais é o grande desafio da pesquisa no tratamento contra o câncer. Muitos compostos naturais extraídos de plantas têm apresentado resultados promissores como agentes moduladores de vias de transdução de sinais em diversos tipos de tumores. Os flavonóides, compostos polifenólicos encontrados em diversos alimentos como frutas, chás e vinhos, têm recebido bastante atenção em função dos seus efeitos quimiopreventivos e quimioterapêuticos. Nos últimos anos, muitos estudos relacionados à ação dos terpenos em doenças foram desenvolvidos, decorrentes das suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobiana, gastroprotetora e antitumoral. Entretanto, poucos estudos com enfoque molecular foram desenvolvidos para entender o mecanismo de indução de morte de células tumorais por tais compostos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a ação dos flavonóides apigenina e fisetina e do diterpeno ferruginol, sobre as vias de transdução de sinal envolvidas na proliferação e morte em células de leucemia e câncer de próstata. Todos os três compostos estudados levaram à morte das células tumorais por apoptose. As células leucêmicas tratadas com fisetina apresentaram aumento da expressão de NFkB, ativação da MAPK p38 e aumento dos níveis de fosforilação de proteínas. A apigenina, por sua vez, mostrou-se um forte inibidor de quinases, especificamente as envolvidas com a proliferação celular, como PI3K, AKT, Src e MAPK, além de induzir apoptose através da via intrínsica. O ferruginol foi capaz de inibir e/ou regular negativamente PI3K, STAT3 e STAT5, proteínas tirosinas fosfatases e proteínas quinases envolvidas com a regulação do ciclo celular. Em ambiente redutor, o efeito citotóxico do ferruginol foi drasticamente impedido, indicando que sua atividade antitumoral pode estar relacionada com a modulação do status redox. O presente trabalho mostrou que os compostos naturais fisetina, apigenina e ferruginol apresentaram um grande potencial como agentes quimioterápicos. / Abstract: The search for compounds that specifically act on tumors, with low side effects, is a great aim in the studies related to cancer treatment. Many natural compounds isolated from plants have presented promising results as modulating agents of the signal transduction pathways in several types of tumors. Flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds largely distributed in foods such as fruits, teas and wines, have been greatly focused due to their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. In the last years, many studies about the action of terpenes in diseases have been done, due to their antiinflamatory, antimicrobial, gastroprotective and antitumoral properties. However, few molecular studies have been developed to understand the mechanism of cell death induction by these compounds. The aim of this work was to define the molecular action of apigenin, fisetin and ferruginol on the signal transduction pathways involved in the leukemic and prostate cancer cells proliferation and death. All the three compounds studied provoked the cell death by apoptosis. Leukemic cells treated with fisetin presented an increase of NF?B expression and protein phosphorylation levels and activation of p38 MAPK. Apigenin showed to be a strong inhibitor of kinases involved with cellular proliferation, such as, PI3K, AKT, Src, MAPK and additionally to induce apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway. Ferruginol was able to inhibit and/or to negatively regulate PI3K, STAT3 and 5, protein tyrosine phosphatases and protein kinases involved in the regulation of the cell cycle. In reducing environment, the cytotoxic effect of ferruginol was drastically impeded, which indicates that the anti-tumoral activity of ferruginol might be related to redox status modulation. The present work showed that the natural compounds fisetin, apigenin and ferruginol presented great potential as chemotherapeutic agents. / Doutorado / Bioquimica / Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular

Les travaux de la thèse se sont articulés autour de la synthèse totale d’un composé naturel isolé à partir de la plante Scorzoneraradiata, la RCZ. Lors d’un criblage sur un panel de kinases, dont la kinase DYRK1A, les résultats ont montré la très grande sélectivité de ce composé avec une action d’inhibition sur DYRK1A (IC50 = 220 nM). De nombreuses études disponibles dans la littérature ont établi le lien entre la dérégulation de la protéine DYRK1A avec le syndrome de Down (trisomie 21) et certaines maladies neurodégénératives tel que la maladie d’Alzheimer. En vue de l’obtention de ce composé prometteur présentant un squelette dihydrostilbène porteur d’une fonction cétone et d’un groupement osidique. Trois voies d’approche ont été successivement mises en œuvre. Le groupement cétone est construit par le biais d’une réaction de Sonogashira suivit par une hydratation en présence d’un sel mercurique. La réaction de Wittig permet l’assemblage du squelette stilbène. Lors de la première approche, un isomère de position du composé final avec un pouvoir inhibiteur divisé par dix par rapport à RCZ a été obtenu. L’utilisation de différents groupements protecteurs a permis l’obtention du composé final RCZ en seulement 15 étapes. Ce travail ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans le développement d’analogues par des pharmacomodulations en se basant sur les informations fournies par le co-cristal de RCZ avec la protéine DYRK2. / This thesis focuses on the synthesis of RCZ, a natural compound isolated from the plant Scorzonera radiata. During a high-throughput screening, this compound has demonstrated, on a large panel of kinases, a high and unusual degree of selectivity against the kinase DYRK1A. On a structural point of view, the compound is a glycosylated dihydrostlibene, which also bears two phenols and an acetyl group. Recently, a link between the deregulation of the kinase DYRK1A with Down syndrom and some neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease has been established. In order to perform the synthesis of this compound, three approaches were undertaken. In these approaches, the acetyl group was built through a Sonogashira coupling followed by a mercury salt catalyzed hydration of the acetylenic group. Also, the stilbene scaffold was always obtained by Wittig condensdation. In the first approach, an isomer was obtained with approximately a ten times less potent inhibitory activity against DYRK1A than RCZ. By the use of different protective groups the final compound RCZ was successfully obtained. In conclusion, a total and efficient synthesis of RCZ has been constructed in 15 steps. This work opens future perspective in the design of new inhibitors based on the determination of the crystal structure of the RCZ-DYRK2 complex.

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