Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T20:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre os modos de constituição de sujeitos universitários na contemporaneidade, tendo por objetivo problematizar os modos como as condutas desses sujeitos são conduzidas por uma multiplicidade de estratégias e de táticas que potencializam uma governamentalidade neoliberal. Para realizar tal trabalho, tomou-se como material de pesquisa um conjunto de 20 capas do caderno Vestibular/ZH, suplemento publicado semanalmente pelo jornal Zero Hora (jornal de maior circulação no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul) e dirigido aos estudantes em processo preparatório para o ingresso na universidade. A dissertação toma como ferramentas analíticas os conceitos de discurso e de governamentalidade, produzidos a partir das teorizações do filósofo Michel Foucault. Aponta-se que as modificações nas configurações culturais da contemporaneidade têm produzido sujeitos universitários com características específicas. As modificações no mundo do trabalho, as novas racionalidades governamentais, com / This dissertation presents a study on the modes of constitution of university subjects in contemporaneity, aiming at problematizing the ways through which conducts of those subjects have been conducted by multiple strategies and tactics that leverage neo-liberal governmentality. The research material consisted of 20 front covers of Vestibular/ZH, a weekly supplement of Zero Hora (the newspaper with the largest circulation in Rio Grande do Sul) directed towards students preparing to start a university course. The concepts of discourse and governmentality have been taken as analysis tools, both stemming from theorizations of Michel Foucault. Changes in cultural configurations in contemporaneity have produced university subjects with specific characteristics. Changes occurred in the work world, new governmental rationalities, with the emergence of neo-liberalism, and the centrality of media in the production of subjectivities, have been some of the possibility conditions for the emergence of those subjects. Ana

Depuis la fin de la Guerre froide, la pratique de l’aide humanitaire est principalement devenue l’apanage des Occidentaux et de ses alliés, contribuant à l’émergence d’une norme d’intervention (néo)libérale. Cette recherche vise à déterminer s’il existe une pratique alternative; dans cette optique, le cas de l’humanitarisme cubain sera analysé. À partir d’une revue de la littérature et d’un travail de terrain conduit à Cuba auprès de coopérants ayant servi dans le cadre de « missions internationalistes », cette recherche se déroule selon trois étapes principales. Dans un premier temps, il s’agira, à partir des études réalisées par les auteurs post-foucaldiens tels que Duffield, Pupavac, McFalls et Pandolfi, de déterminer la nouvelle tendance de l’aide humanitaire apparue au sortir de la Guerre froide. Cette dernière a été représentée sous une forme idéal-typique par Laurence McFalls qui a identifié l’exercice de la gouvernementalité (thérapeutique) (néo)libérale sur les terrains d’intervention. Dans un deuxième temps, le coeur du travail consistera à élaborer l’idéal-type du modèle d’intervention cubain à partir des entrevues réalisées à Cuba. Dans cette seconde étape, il conviendra de caractériser la logique de l’action de l’humanitarisme cubain n’ayant pas encore été établie par les chercheurs. La troisième étape reposera sur la comparaison critique entre les deux idéauxtypes ayant été présentés, dans le but, ultimement, de déterminer si l’humanitarisme cubain s’inscrit dans la norme (néo)libérale ou si, au contraire, il présente une alternative à celle-ci. Ceci permettra d’élaborer une réflexion sur l’hégémonie, la domination légitime et la place de l’humanitaire dans les relations internationales. / Since the end of the Cold War, humanitarian aid has mainly been a Western practice, contributing to the emergence of a neo-liberal norm of intervention. In order to determine if there is an alternative practice, this research aims at analyzing the Cuban’s humanitarian aid. Based on a literature review and a fieldwork led in Cuba with those “internationalist missions” volunteers, this study follows three main steps. The first part, relying on studies carried out by post-foucaldiens authors such as Duffield, Pupavac, McFalls and Pandolfi, will determine the new trend of the humanitarian aid which appeared at the end of the Cold War. Laurence McFalls has presented it as an ideal-type as he identified the exercise of a (therapeutic) neo-liberal governementality on the humanitarian intervention’s field. Second, the logic of the Cuban international aid action, which has not yet been investigated by the researchers, will be characterized. Third, the previously presented ideal-types will be critically compared in order to determine if the Cuban humanitarian aid corresponds to the neo-liberal norm or if it, in fact, represents an alternative. This will allow us to think about key concepts such as hegemony, therapeutic domination and the place of humanitarian aid in international relations.