Cheung Mei-chun. / "January 2003." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-94). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

No description available.

The goal of conformal radiation techniques is to improve local tumour control through dose escalation to target volumes while at the same time sparing surrounding healthy tissue. Respiratory motion is known to be the largest intra-fractional organ motion and the most significant source of uncertainty in treatment planning for chest lesions. A method to account for the effects of respiratory motion is to use four-dimensional radiotherapy. While analytical models are useful, it is essential that the motion problem in radiotherapy is addressed by both modeling as well as experimentally studies so that different obstacles can be overcome before clinical implementation of a motion compensation method. Validation of techniques aimed at measuring and minimizing the effects of respiratory motion require a realistic dynamic deformable phantom for use as a gold standard. In this work we present the design, construction, performance and deformable image registration of a novel breathing, tissue equivalent phantom with a deformable lung that can reproducibly emulate 3D non-isotropic lung deformations according to any real lung-like breathing pattern. The phantom consists of a Lucite cylinder filled with water containing a latex balloon stuffed with dampened natural sponges. The balloon is attached to a piston that mimics the human diaphragm. Nylon wires and Lucite beads, emulating vascular and bronchial bifurcations, were glued at various locations, uniformly throughout the sponges. The phantom is capable of simulating programmed irregular breathing patterns with varying periods and amplitudes. A deformable, tissue equivalent tumour, suitable for holding radiochromic film for dose measurements was embedded in the sponge. Experiments for 3D motion assessment, motion reproducibility as well as deformable image registration and validation are presented using the deformable phantom.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph.D.). / Written for the Dept. of Physics. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/05/09). Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Univ. , 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Originally presented as the author's Thesis (Ph. D.)--"Otto von Guericke" Universität Magdeburg, 2003. / "Elektrotechnik"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-149).

This report from Groote Schuur therefore sets out to review cases of postradiation sarcomas, including malignant mixed mullerian tumors (MMMT), presenting to the Radiation Oncology Departments of Groote Schuur Hospital and the affiliated hospitals (Frere Hospital, East London and Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth) or known to have occurred in patients initially treated in these hospitals. It aims [1] to establish the features of the initial malignancy as well as the latent period for the development of postradiation sarcoma, the type of postradiation tumor and the outcome of the disease; [2] to establish as accurately as possible dose levels at which the postradiation tumors have developed; and [3] to briefly describe possible risk factors such as a genetic predisposition to the development of malignancy, repeated courses of radiotherapy, surgery as part of the treatment of the initial tumor, and chemotherapy. Questions regarding the genesis of postradiation sarcomas cannot be answered by a review of 20 cases, even when combined with an analysis of literature. This review aims to add relevant information to the body of data from which the final answers may come. In view of the late diagnosis often made in cases of postradiation sarcoma (25, 94) the review also aims to heighten awareness of the condition so that it may be more often reported at a curable stage.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

O câncer de laringe é uma das neoplasias mais comuns das vias aéreas superiores. No Brasil a maioria dos casos são diagnosticados nos estádios clínicos III ou IV. Nos tumores T4a os resultados terapêuticos são discordantes na literatura. Alguns estudos referem melhores taxas de sobrevida global com o tratamento cirúrgico e outros demonstraram taxas de sobrevida global semelhantes entre pacientes submetidos a laringectomia total e os submetidos a quimioradioterapia. Concomitante ao surgimento destas novas modalidades terapêuticas, descritas nas últimas décadas, observou-se nos Estados Unidos queda nas taxas de sobrevida dos pacientes com tumores de laringe. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar fatores prognósticos em pacientes portadores de carcinoma epidermóide de laringe cT4aN0-3M0 tratados em quatro instituições - em três diferentes países - de acordo com variáveis demográficas, clínicas, terapêuticas e anatomopatológicas. Em relação as variáveis clínicas, foram observadas piores taxas de sobrevida global nos pacientes com mais de 65 anos, nos classificados como ASA III ou IV, nos casos com tumores com extensão para base de língua. Dentre os pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico as piores taxas de sobrevida global foram observados nos casos com margens de ressecção comprometidas, nos com invasão vascular presente e os com estádio linfonodal pN2 ou pN3. As taxas de sobrevida global e câncer específica não diferiu entre os pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico ou quimioradioterápico. Por outro lado as melhores taxas de sobrevida livre de recorrência local foi evidenciada nos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico. Na análise multivariada, foram fatores prognósticos independentes para o risco de óbito, a classificação pelo ASA (III ou IV) e o estadiamento linfonodal patológico (pN2 ou pN3) entre os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia, a faixa etária superior a 65 anos, a extensão do tumor para base de língua, para partes moles perilaríngeas e a presença de mais de uma estrutura invadida pelo tumor nos pacientes submetidos a quimioradioterapia. Em conclusão, diversas variáveis são potenciais fatores prognósticos relacionados a sobrevida global, no entando somente a classificação como ASA III ou IV e o estádio pN2 ou pN3 foram identificados como fatores prognósticos independente para o risco de óbito nos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico. Nos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com quimioradioterapia a faixa etária superior a 65 anos, extensão para base de língua, para partes moles perilaríngeas e presença de duas ou mais estruturas invadidas foram os fatores prognósticos independentes para o risco de óbito / Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common neoplasms of the upper airways. In Brazil most cases are diagnosed at stages III or IV. In T4a tumors, there are discordant treatment results in the literature. Some studies refer to improved rates of overall survival with surgical treatment while other studies show similar rates of overall survival between patients submitted to total laryngectomy or chemoradiotherapy. Concomitant to the emergence of these new therapeutic modalities described in recent decades, a decline in survival rates of patients with laryngeal tumors has been registred in the United States. The aim of this study was to assess prognostic factors in patients with clinical stage cT4aN0-3M0 laryngeal epidermoid carcinomas treated in four institutions, in three different countries, according with demographic, clinical, therapeutic and pathologic variables. With regard to clinical variables, worse rates of overall survival were observed in patients older than 65 years, classified as ASA III or IV, and tumors with tongue base extension. Among the patients who underwent surgical treatment, the worse rates of overall survival were in the cases of involved surgical margins, with vascular invasion present, and in cases with pathological metastatic lymph nodes pN2 or pN3 staging. The rates of overall survival and cancer specific survival did not differ among patients who underwent surgical treatment or chemoradiotherapy. Conversely, improved local recurrence-free survival rates were registred in patients who underwent surgical treatment. In multivariate analysis, the independent prognostic factors for the risk of death, were ASA III or IV classification, and pathological lymph nodes pN2 or pN3 staging among the patients who underwent surgery; age above 65 years, tumors with tongue base extension, extension into the perilaryngeal soft tissues and the presence of more than one structure invaded by tumor in patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy. In conclusion, several variables are potential prognostic factors related too verall survival, however only ASA III or IV and stage pN2 or pN3 were in dependent prognostic factors for the risk of death in patients undergoing surgical treatment. In patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy: age above 65 years, tumors extension to the base of tongue, perilaryngeal soft tissue invasion and presence of two or more structure sinvaded were independent prognostic factors for the risk of death