During the last 20 years a new category of schools, schools for children with special needs, has settled to be a growing part of the Swedish school system. This is despite the political aim in Sweden to achieve an educational inclusion. The aim of this study is to compare the school situation for children with special needs in regular schools with the situation in schools for children with special needs. To investigate the routines associated with the change of school and the role of a neuropsychological diagnosis in the process. The main research questions were if the school is adapted to the needs of the child from a neuro-didactic point of view, whether the special school provides something the public school doesn’t and if the diagnosis helps to take pedagogical measures. The method used in this study is semi-structured interviews. The theory of inclusion and the neurological function constitute the theoretical frame. The result of the study shows that the special schools which provide a supportive social and educational environment are better adapted to the children with special needs. However, the difficulties associated with changing school are huge. A neuropsychological diagnosis might be helpful when the decisions about special assistance are made, but the choice of particular assistance is made on other premises. The conclusion is that as long as the regular schools aren’t adapted for all children and the neurological knowledge isn’t taken into account, it will be crucial for a number of pupils to be taught in special schools.