The purpose of this essay is to give a nuanced and problematized view of the notion that the literary universe of H.P. Lovecraft is purely nihilistic, in the most basic sense of the word, and instead try to show that it, in spite of this actually allows for both hope and growth for its characters. To do so, the essay will closely examine one of Lovecraft’s few recurring protagonists, Randolph Carter, who in relation to Lovecraft’s other characters, is much more on the outside of society than a part of it. To accomplish this, the essay will focus on those of Lovecraft’s texts which feature Carter and this one’s personal goals, philosophy and morals in relation to those of the society that surrounds him. Carter’s character and actions and ideals will throughout this be contrasted to the philosophical ideas of Friedrich Nietzsche to try to show that adherence to Nietzschean virtues can allow a character to actually transcend the supposed intrinsic nihilism and horror of Lovecraft’s universe. In examining Carter, central concepts will include, among other things: the search for beauty, the power of dreams as well as the power of passion, as well as Nietzschean concepts such as The Will to Power, Apollonian and Dionysian, The Eternal Return and Nihilism.

Two texts by Nishitani, written ten years apart, reflect a very different position on the nietzschean question of the overcoming of nihilism. Although a student of Heidegger's at Freiburg between 1936 and 1939, Nishitani shows no evidence of a heideggerian influence in The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism. In this period (1949), he considers, contrary to Heidegger, that the affirmative aspects of nietzschean philosophy constitute a radical overcoming of nihilism. It is only in What is Religion? (1961) which appears in 1982 as Religion and Nothingness (English translation) that his view changes, reflecting more closely a heideggerian position. Nietzsche's concept of the Will to Power is evidence for Nishitani that Nietzsche enmeshed still in a philosophy of "Being", remains within traditional Western metaphysics. Because in Nishitani's view, Western metaphysics is nihilist, he finally concludes that Nietzsche did not overcome nihilism. / This development in Nishitani's thought is considered, in a concluding perspective of the present text, as evidence of the markedly more profound influence of Heidegger on the later, more mature work of Nishitani.

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周昭端. / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 參考文獻 (leaves 73-74). / 附中英文摘要. / Zhou Zhaoduan. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)-- Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 73-74). / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章 --- 虛無主義的内涵 --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- 虛無主義的時代 --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- 〈父與子〉中的虛無主義 --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3 --- 尼釆與虛無主義 --- p.9 / Chapter 2.4 --- 陀思妥耶夫斯基與虛無主義 --- p.12 / Chapter 2.5 --- 兩個虛無主義者的典型 --- p.17 / Chapter 2.6 --- 虚無主義留下的廢壚 --- p.24 / Chapter 第三章 --- 虛無主義的成因 --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1 --- 虛無主義的先聲 --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2 --- 宗教衰微與虛無主義 --- p.29 / Chapter 3.3 --- 科學與虛無主義 --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4 --- 虛無主義的事實 --- p.38 / Chapter 第四章 --- 對虛無主義的回答 --- p.41 / Chapter 4.1 --- 虛無主義的终局 --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2 --- 虛無主義是一個有關人性的問題 --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3 --- 對伊凡和基里洛夫問題的回應 --- p.49 / Chapter 4.4 --- 小¨®Ơ中人物對虚無主義的不同回答 --- p.50 / Chapter 4.5 --- 虛無主義的問題是否就此完結？ --- p.57 / Chapter 第五章 --- 總結與評價 --- p.61 / 參考書目 --- p.73

This thesis focuses on the mature development of Christine Brooke-Rose’s experimental fiction, taking particular interest in the exemplary texts Between and Thru. I argue that these texts both critically refigure and respond to central aspects of the poststructuralist debate. I investigate Between and Thru specifically in relation to the theories of Irigaray, Barthes (in the case of Between), Derrida and Kristeva (in the case of Thru), demonstrating how the two novels develop these theorists’ core tenets in an innovative manner that critics have failed to recognise up to this point. Starting – in the first chapter – from Brooke-Rose’s first four conventional novels, I explore the issues which lie at the basis of the experimental direction she comes to take, and investigate her first two experimental novels, Out and Such. The second chapter explores Between in relation to the debate over language and identity, whereas the third chapter investigates the way the novel addresses the gender issue as related to language. The fourth chapter concentrates on Thru’s narrative technique in order to better elucidate – in the fifth and sixth chapters – how the novel succeeds in resolving both the tension generated by the notion of language as linked to the representation of an ontologically unstable reality, and the narrative anxiety deriving from the dispute around the death of the author and the ontological status of characters. The seventh chapter offers an overview of Brooke-Rose’s fictional output after Thru, while the eighth and final chapter aims at further positioning Brooke- Rose in the context of the postmodern debate, showing how her work represents a countertendency to the nihilist attitude engendered by the major critical tenets of postmodernism. The thesis thus sheds light on the importance and role of Brooke-Rose as a highly innovative intellectual figure, while rethinking some of the main literary implications of the postmodernist debate.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Technische Hochschule Stuttgart, 1936. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-77).

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Photocopy of typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1974. / Bibliography: leaves 141-145. / viii, 145 leaves

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-130). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.