• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The electrodeposition of palladium-iron alloys

Baumgaertner, Manfred E. January 1999 (has links)
The main subject of the thesis is the investigation of palladium-iron alloy electrodeposition from aqueous solutions in general. Palladium-iron alloy deposits could be in principle a substitute for nickel or nickel-palladium deposits to avoid metal dermatitis. Nickel contact dermatitis is an especially sensitive allergy caused by decorative or functional use of nickel: it needs to be avoided in a number of applications. Electrochemical and chemical experiments have been carried out on several solutions with variable pH, salts and metal complexes to design a chemical and electrochemical stable electrolyte for palladium-iron alloy electrodeposition. Electrochemical measurements, physical and chemical analysis techniques, mechanical, optical, chemical and electrochemical measurements methods as well as different corrosion tests were used to describe the electrochemical processes and the properties of the palladium-iron deposits. Investigations have shown that from ammoniacal electrolytes electrodeposition in a wide range of composition is possible (pH = 7.5 - 10.5). Electrolyte consists of palladiurn as Pd(NH3)4CI2 and iron as iron(ill)-citrate. Composition of the deposited alloys depends mainly on the ratio of the metal ions in the electrolyte, while the effect of current density and electrolyte temperature is slight. Current efficiency depends on iron concentration in the electrolyte and is a maximum of ca. 85 %. Palladium-iron alloys with a higher content of palladium (>80.-%) show cracks because of the high internal stress (tensile stress) of those layers. Alloys with smaller content of palladium (<20 wt. -%) are less sensitive to cracking. Wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the palladium-iron alloys are similar or sometimes better to palladium, palladium-silver, palladium-cobalt or palladium-nickel deposits. Hardness of the palladium-iron layers increases with increasing iron content from 200 to 600 VHN. Contact resistance is low in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mfl and barrier layer properties are excellent for gold and copper diffusion during services up to 160 degrees Celsius for 240 hours.
2

Développement d’assemblages brasés céramique-métal à haute tenue en température dans un environnement agressif / Development of Ceramic-to-Metal Assemblies by Brazing for High Service Temperature in a Severe Environment

Caboche, Juline 27 November 2017 (has links)
Le secteur aéronautique connaît un important essor depuis les années 1960, avec pour conséquence l’augmentation majeure des températures de fonctionnement des turbines. L’utilisation de capteurs, au plus proche de la chambre de combustion, est nécessaire pour maîtriser les performances des turboréacteurs. Cela justifie le besoin industriel de développer des assemblages céramique-métal résistants à un environnement sévère (>1100°C sous air, vibrations, etc.)L’alumine est sélectionnée en raison de son caractère isolant à haute température. La principale difficulté réside dans le choix du substrat métallique, qui doit être à la fois : réfractaire, résistant à l’oxydation, pour un coût abordable. Le potentiel d’un carbure ternaire (de type phase MAX) est évalué en tant que substrat métallique. La composition des brasures est ajustée pour chaque système afin de garantir : une tenue en température, une excellente ductilité et une compatibilité métallurgique vis-à-vis du substrat métallique.Des brasures ternaires Au-Pd-Pt sont formulées et élaborées. Les contours de solidus et de liquidus de ce ternaire sont déterminés expérimentalement. Les mécanismes de diffusion, de dissolution ou encore de pénétration inter-granulaire, à l’interface métal/brasure, sont décrits afin d’apporter des améliorations aux systèmes développés. Au cours du brasage, la diffusion de l’aluminium des substrats alumino-formeurs vers la brasure est prédominante, malgré la mise en place d’une barrière de diffusion. Le recours à des substrats métalliques nobles s’avère incontournable.Les paramètres géométriques et chimiques de l’assemblage sont établis pour chaque nouveau système étudié sur la base des processus physico-chimiques survenant au cours du brasage et du vieillissement sous air. Les meilleurs assemblages développés présentent une excellente herméticité après brasage. Les essais de vieillissement en cyclage thermique, dans des conditions sévères, sollicitent fortement la liaison céramique-brasure jusqu’à la rupture interfaciale. Deux voies d’améliorations sont proposées pour assurer la durabilité de la liaison céramique-brasure au cours du cyclage thermique. / Aerospace technology developments are blooming. Since the 1960’s the Turbine Entry Temperature for aero-engines gas turbines keeps rising to improve their efficiency. Sensors working close to the combustion chamber are required in order to master the turbine performances. This results in an industrial urge to develop ceramic-to-metal assemblies able to endure severe engine environment (>1100°C under air, vibrations, etc.)The choice of an alumina as the ceramic part ensures a good insulation at high temperature. The main issue remains the metallic material which must be refractory, resistant to oxidation and affordable. The application of a ternary carbide (phase MAX) is tested. The braze alloy composition is adjusted to each system so as to provide a good ductility, thermal stability and a metallurgical matching as regards dissolution and brittle compounds formation.Braze alloys based on the Au-Pd-Pt system are investigated. The aforesaid liquidus and solidus surfaces are defined from experimental measures. Diffusion, dissolution and inter-granular penetration at the metal/braze alloy interface are described to suggest improvements. Aluminum diffusion from alumina-forming materials towards the braze alloy is the dominant phenomenon during brazing, despite the use of a diffusion barrier. The use of noble materials for the metallic substrate is mandatory.Geometrical and chemical assembly parameters are defined for selected brazed system based on the physicochemical interactions occurring during brazing and aging under air. The best brazed assemblies present an excellent hermeticity after brazing. Thermal cycling aging in severe conditions is detrimental to ceramic-braze alloy bonding, leading to interfacial cracks. Two promising strategies are suggested to ensure a reliable ceramic-to-braze alloy bonding during thermal cycling.

Page generated in 0.0493 seconds