Yes / A composite silicone skin adhesive material was designed to improve its water vapor permeability to offer advantages to wearer comfort compared to existing skin adhesive dressings available (including perforated silicone and hydrocolloid products). The chemical and mechanical properties of this novel dressing were analyzed to show that it has a high creep compliance, offering anisotropic elasticity that is likely to place less stress on the skin. A participant study was carried out in which 31 participants wore a novel silicone skin adhesive (Sil2) and a hydrocolloid competitor and were monitored for physiological response to the dressings. Trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured pre- and postwear to determine impairment of skin barrier function. Sil2 exhibited a higher vapor permeability than the hydrocolloid dressings during wear. Peel strength measurements and dye counter staining of the removed dressings showed that the hydrocolloid had a higher adhesion to the participants’ skin, resulting in a greater removal of proteins from the stratum corneum and a higher pain rating from participants on removal. Once the dressings were removed, TEWL of the participants skin beneath the Sil2 was close to normal in comparison to the hydrocolloid dressings that showed an increase in skin TEWL, indicating that the skin had been highly occluded. Analysis of the skin immediately after removal showed a higher incidence of erythema following application of hydrocolloid dressings (>60%) compared to Sil2, ( / T.S. received partial funding to study skin adhesive materials from a Medical Research Council Confidence in Concept grant obtained by John Bridgeman at the University of Bradford (MC_PC_19030). Initial formulation and characterization work benchmarking the Sil2 material was funded in part by Trio Healthcare Ltd., who have had no role in the analysis or interpretation of the data presented. All data was obtained independently by staff at the University of Bradford. We also wish to thank the Royal Society of Chemistry for funding Edward Dyson’s position as a research technician via a Research Enablement Grant (E21-8346952505).

The loop tack test measures the tack (instant grip) of an adhesive. An analytical model of this test seems to be lacking and is the subject of this research. The strip is investigated using several mathematical formulations, and the solutions are obtained numerically. The loop is created from a flexible elastic strip that is bent into a teardrop shape, with its ends clamped together. The strip is tested in a cycle, in which the loop is first pushed onto the surface, compressing the adhesive. Then the loop is pulled up, and gradually debonds from the substrate. The loop is assumed to be nonlinearly elastic and inextensible. The mechanics of the loop tack test are studied in order to determine the impact of various factors on adhesive performance. These factors include the stiffness of the backing, the stiffness and thickness of the adhesive, the elongation of the adhesive before debonding, and the contact time. The relationship between the applied force and the vertical deflection of the loop's ends is determined, as well as that between the applied force and the contact length. Also, the maximum "pull - off" force needed to remove the substrate from the loop is obtained from the results. Shapes of the loop during the cycle are found. This research will increase understanding of the behavior of the adhesive and backing during the loop tack test. With the computer model that has been developed, any set of parameters and conditions can be analyzed, and improvements can be made in the test procedure. / Master of Science

An interdisciplinary study concerning the durability of adhesively elastomer/metal bonded joints in marine environments is reported. The generation of OH⁻ ions at the bondline due to an imposed cathodic current from an external source is suspected to be the predominant cause of failure. A surface analysis study was performed early in this research for the purpose of identifying the cause(s) of failure. Characterization of the rubber and the metal failure surfaces with XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) showed similar composition on both sides and to that of the bulk degraded primer component of the adhesive. Saponification of the adhesive and the leaching of chlorine (forming HCI that attacks the oxide) are identified as two possible failure mechanisms. The locus of failure is believed to be very close to the . adhesive/oxide interface. The exposure of bulk adhesive free-standing films to different environments showed that the hydroxyl is detrimental in the environmental durability of these specimens judging by the percentage of net mass uptake. An alternate interfacial failure mechanism is also presented where the neutralization of the adhesion-promoting attachment sites (A.S.) at the interface leads to de-adhesion and whereby OH⁻ ions chemically break-up the -COOH-Fe bond forming a non-operative activated complex at the degraded crack tip. Debond, or loss of adhesion, can exist in two modes. Weakening denotes debond growth which takes place undetected to the naked eye, and is governed by a diffusion-control degradation process that gives a straight line when plotted against the square root of time. Delamination, on the other hand, is a "post weakening" process., Debond rates in this mode are influenced by the applied total strain energy release rate, G_T, and by the environment and can be described by an exponential function in G_T. The effect of shear stress on debond acceleration was determined to be minimal. While compressive stresses seem to be beneficial in slowing the ingression of the bulk hydroxyl into the bondline, no noticeable improvement was detected when an imposed current was used. The use of zinc phosphate-coated steel substrates is shown to improve bond durability significantly at low voltages. Similar trends are observed when silane (γ-aminopropyltrimethoxy) modified primer were used in bonding. Two approaches are used in order to model debonding: empirical and analytical. Statistical Analysis System (SAS) is used to fit the empirical model which draws heavily on the functional dependencies of debond rates on the accelerating parameters, i.e., temperature, stress, and applied voltage. An Arrhenius relationship is shown to model the effect of temperature very well. Also, voltage effect is correlated with the corresponding current densities which, in turn, were found to obey an exponential relationship with debond rates. SAS fits of the experimental data are shown to model the process accurately and could be utilized for life predictions. Integration of delamination rates in real time is a feasible method to predict durability as well. A generalized analytical model for debonding is also developed, and it draws on the similarities between this application and corrosion fatigue of metals. The model is based on the conservation of mass of the involved species and is composed of a system of partial equations and their associated boundary conditions. Furthermore, temperature and voltage-dependent diffusion coefficients and reaction rate constants were used. The resulting boundary value problem amounts to a diffusion-chemical reaction mechanism into which a mechano-chemical failure mechanism is incorporated. A simplified version of the full scale analytical model is solved numerically and some interesting conclusions concerning the failure criterion are drawn. The model also simulates the weakening and delamination behavior and allows for temperature and voltage treatment as well. Delay times are also predicted as a function of the applied voltage and temperature. A particularly important conclusion is that the "marching boundary" phenomena seems to account for most of the accelerating influence of applied G. / Ph. D.

Existing closed form solutions for the stress analysis of the single lap joint were studied intensively, and methods of analysis and assumptions between the analyses of Goland and Reissner, Hart-Smith and Delale and Erdogan were compared. The existing SAAS3V finite element program was modified to accommodate additional mesh generation and plotting capabilities. The modified version, SAAS3VP, was used for performing linear elastic and viscoelastic analyses on the single lap joint, and a non-linear viscoelastic analysis on the thick adherend specimen. Metlbond 1113 and Araldite adhesive properties were used in the linear elastic and viscoelastic analyses, respectively. FM-73 adhesive properties were used in the non-linear viscoelastic analysis. Time-dependent shear moduli were calculated from the results of the latter analysis and compared with the experimentally obtained shear modulus of Krieger. Interface layers were defined in both the single lap and thick adherend analyses and the influence of changing the interface layer stiffness on adhesive stresses was also investigated. / M.S.

Neste estudo, o objetivo foi avaliar, in vitro, o comportamento de três sistemas adesivos dentários (SAD), sendo dois autocondicionantes Clearfil SE Bond Kuraray Co (CSEB) e Xeno III Dentsply (X-III) e um condicione e lave de 3 passos Scothbond Multi-Purpose Plus - 3M ESPE (SBMP), no que se refere à inibição de lesões recidivantes de cárie em dentina, frente à um desafio cariogênico bacteriano, que utilizou uma cepa de Streptococcus mutans. Além destes materiais, foi inserido no estudo um controle negativo (CN), o qual não recebeu tratamento adesivo. A amostra formada por terceiros molares humanos (n=40) foi preparada com cavidades Classe V e restaurada com a resina composta (RC) Z250 (3M ESPE), deixando-se um nicho na interface restauração/dente na parede gengival em dentina. Os quatro grupos experimentais (n=10) foram submetidos ao desafio cariogênico para o desenvolvimento das lesões durante 30 dias. Foi realizada em microscopia óptica de luz (MOL) a medição das variáveis: profundidade da lesão de parede, extensão da lesão de parede e profundidade da lesão externa e em MEV (Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura) a análise morfológica das lesões de cárie formadas. Os dados referentes às lesões foram analisados através de Análise de Variância, testes auxiliares, além do Teste de Brown e Forsythe, com grau de significância de 5%. A metodologia adotada foi capaz de desenvolver lesões externas e de parede e de padronizar uma fenda entre restauração/dente. Em relação às variáveis estudadas, concluiu-se que o CSEB apresentou menores lesões de parede em profundidade e extensão do que os demais SAD, e que os resultados do X-III foram similares estatisticamente ao SBMP para as mesmas variáveis. Quanto a profundidade da lesão externa, todos os SAD tiveram comportamento semelhante. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro behavior of three dental adhesive systems (DAS), namely the two self etching Clearfil SE Bond Kuraray Co (CSEB) and Xeno III Dentsply (X-III) as well as the three-step etch and rinse Multi-Purpose Plus 3M ESPE (SBMP), concerning the inhibition of secondary dentine caries in the face of a bacterial cariogenic challenge using Streptococcus mutans. Besides the aforementioned material, a negative control group (NC) which did not receive any adhesive treatment was included in this study. The sample, which consisted of human third molars (n=40), in which class-V cavities prepares were restored with the composite resin (CR) Z250 (3M ESPE). An interfacial gap was left between teeth and restorations in the dentinal gingival wall. The four experimental groups (n=10) were exposed to a cariogenic challenge during 30 days. Light Optical Microscopy (LOM) was used to measure wall caries lesion depth, wall caries lesion extension and outer caries lesion depth. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) was the method chosen for the morphological analysis of the formed carie lesions. The data regarding lesions was analyzed through Analysis of Variance and Component of Variance Model in addition to the Brown-Forsythe test at a 5% significance level. The adopted methodology could develop external and wall lesions, also standardizing a gap between restorations and teeth. About the studied variables, it was possible to conclude that CSEB presented the smallest wall lesions both in depth and extension, and the X-III and SBMP results were statistically similar concerning the same variables. Regarding outer lesion depth, all DAS showed similar behaviour.

Nowadays, with the development of the construction industry, mortars are produced in factory by specifically designed dry-mix plants, in which mineral binders and aggregates are mixed together in the appropriate way. These dry-mix mortars (ready to use) are characterized by a very complex formulation involving various constituents. In addition to the basic components (cement, lime, sand), different additives and admixtures are often added in the mortar formulations to improve their characteristic and to achieve different technical properties. Indeed, when applying an adhesive mortar, the product must adhere to the application support instead of to the working tool. Depend on their application purposes, the usage of these additives and admixtures must be fully investigated in order to observe the most effective contributions. Based on current standards, the adhesive properties of cement-based mortars are often measured at the early age. However the adhesive properties of mortar is usually said to be open in a relatively short duration (several hours) depending on the type of the mortar used. It is therefore necessary to examine the evolution of adhesive properties in the fresh state as well as the rheological properties with the variation of polymer concentrations. An adhesive mortar in fresh state can be considered as a granular suspension in a complex fluid. The study of the rheological behavior of such materials involves the rheology of complex fluids, including granular suspensions, colloidal dispersions, etc. Many scientific questions still exist in this domain, for example: the problem of shear localization and interpretation of the corresponding rheological measurements. The investigation of these problems in the variation of different types of additives and admixtures help answer these questions. To characterize the rheological behavior of an adhesive mortar, in quasi-static regime, we use a three-parameter behavior law that includes a yield stress, a viscosity coefficient and a fluidity index. The adhesiveness of the mortar can be characterized by identifying the evolution of the adhesive force, the cohesive stress and the adherence force. The objective of this thesis is to determine the roles of various additives of organic origin (cellulose ethers, re-dispersible resins powders) and/or mineral (clays, silica fume, etc.) on the fresh state properties of these mortars, including their adhesive properties and rheological behaviors.

Les travaux réalisés traitent de la caractérisation en fatigue thermique et mécanique d’assemblages collés par colle conductrice isotrope. Issu du domaine des circuits électroniques radio fréquences à applications spatiales, l’empilement type considéré dans l’étude est constitué d’un carré d’alumine reporté de manière automatique sur un support en Kovar.L’adhésif est à base d’époxyde chargé de microparticules d’argent pour la conduction électrique et thermique du report.Les surfaces de collage de l’alumine sont polies-rectifiées et dorées pour favoriser les fonctions RF, au détriment de la tenue du collage. L’objectif principal est l’identification des mécanismes de fatigue de l’assemblage face aux sollicitations thermiques subies pendant des essais de qualification thermiques réalisés au sol, qui se veulent représentatives de celles subies en orbite pendant toute la durée de la mission. Deux axes de recherche sont privilégiés dans cette étude. D’une part, le comportement du matériau adhésif est caractérisé par des essais de fluage et des essais cyclés réalisés sur des éprouvettes de colle. Le modèle viscoplastique Two-Layers est retenu et implémenté dans un modèle éléments finis de l’assemblage. La tenue de la colle aux interfaces constitue une seconde approche de caractérisation. Une faible tenue en mode I est constatée à l’issue d’une campagne DCB. D’autre part, deux plans d’expériences portant sur la géométrie et les conditions de report des assemblages sont réalisés en parallèle d’une étude paramétrique numérique. Ces deux approches complémentaires permettent de proposer des hypothèses relatives aux mécanismes de fatigue prépondérants au sein de l’assemblage dans son environnement thermique. La tenue en fatigue des collages s’avère très dépendante du procédé automatique qui insère de nombreux défauts (porosités) à l’interface du composant. Une caractérisation en fatigue par essai mécanique est proposée comme alternative au cyclage thermique lent en étuve. Bien que l’équivalence ne soit pas complète, les résultats présentent de bonnes perspectives pour aider à la caractérisation en fatigue de l’interface entre des composants céramiques et une colle conductrice. / This subject deals with the fatigue life characterization under thermal and mechanical loads of bonded assemblies with anisotropic conductive adhesive. In the framework of radio frequency electronics for space applications, the stack of study iscomposed of an alumina square bonded onto a Kovar plate following an automatic process. The adhesive is made of anepoxy based matrix loaded with silver flakes for electrical and thermal conduction. Surfaces of adhesion are polished andcoated with gold to improve RF functions despite the reduction of adherence. The main objective is to identify the fatigue mechanisms taking place in the assembly under thermal cycling due to its orbital environment during the mission and some representative on-ground qualification tests. The study is divided into two parts. First of all, the mechanical behavior of the adhesive is completely characterized by creep and recovery tests and cycling tests performed on bulk specimens. The model of material behavior, called Two-Layers, is identified and implemented in a finite elements model of the whole assembly. The adhesive resistance at the bonding interfaces is also studied. A certain weakness in mode I is observed from a DCB campaign. Secondly, two designs of experiments on geometry and thermal conditions are performed in parallel of a numerical parametric study. These two complementary approaches allow proposing some hypothesis upon the fatigue mechanisms occurring in the assembly under thermal cycling. The fatigue resistance of bonded assemblies depends on the automatic bonding process that creates numerous defects at the component interface (as porosities). A fatigue life characterization by the help of a mechanical test is proposed as an alternative to slow thermal cycling in an oven. Although, the equivalence is not entirely proven, results are promising and can help further with the fatigue study of the interface between such ceramic components and a conductive adhesive.

Submitted by Bruna Rodrigues (bruna92rodrigues@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-07T11:31:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJHLD.pdf: 3895353 bytes, checksum: 53c29aff0accbd5c314333ed3809d578 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T13:47:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJHLD.pdf: 3895353 bytes, checksum: 53c29aff0accbd5c314333ed3809d578 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T13:47:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJHLD.pdf: 3895353 bytes, checksum: 53c29aff0accbd5c314333ed3809d578 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T13:48:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJHLD.pdf: 3895353 bytes, checksum: 53c29aff0accbd5c314333ed3809d578 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Não recebi financiamento / One of the most important principles in the connections design is the continuous search for simple solutions. Maximum economy in the precast construction is achieved with simple connection elements, with adequate performance and quick installation. One of the alternatives to be considered during the project to improve the simplicity in the column production is to avoid holes and cuts in the formwork. Projections and holes in the forms are laborious and reduce its lifecycle. Then, in order to make the column production process easier, this work aims study the alternative of using chemical adhesive for fastening the corbel reinforcement after casting the column. The work presents a literature review about the main concepts that are important to this solution: Connections design, chemical anchors, corbels and strut and tie models. The research also contains an experimental program with 3 tests full scale specimens with equal dimensions short corbels. Were tested 2 postinstalled corbels with the main tie reinforcement fastened with adhesive anchor and 1 cast in corbel with the main tie reinforcement anchored with hooked 90 º bars. The cast in corbel (specimen A) was designed according to the recommendations of the standards NBR6118:2014 e NBR9062:2006, 1 post-installed corbel (specimen B) was designed with the same anchorage length of the cast in corbel and the other post-installed corbel was designed according to the recommendations of the chemical adhesive producer. This way, was possible evaluate the influence of the anchorage length in the corbel behavior and the safety of the solution comparing with a cast in corbel. The anchorage length did not influence the corbel behavior during the test. The specimen A presented the ultimate load of 400 kN, specimen B 340 kN and specimen C 377 kN. All of the specimens presented failure by flexure-tension in a ductile manner and ultimate loads higher than foreseen by standards and calculation models. The post-installed specimens (B and C) had a similar behavior, presented higher crack width and were less stiffer than the specimen A. Specimens B and C also presented an inclined crack in the anchorage region of the column that alert to a different stress distribution in the anchorage region. Thus the solution of post-installed corbels with adhesive anchors presented a satisfactory performance, further research is needed in order to reduce the crack widths in the corbel region and avoid the cracks in the column. / Um dos princípios mais importantes no projeto de ligações é a busca contínua por soluções simples. A máxima economia em uma construção pré-moldada é atingida quando os elementos de ligação são razoavelmente simples, com um desempenho adequado e com uma montagem rápida. Uma das alternativas a ser considerada durante o projeto, visando melhorar a simplicidade na produção de pilares, é evitar furos e saliências nas fôrmas. Projeções que requerem furações e recortes nas fôrmas são trabalhosas e reduzem sua vida útil. Assim, com o intuito de facilitar o processo produtivo de pilares com consolos, o presente trabalho visa estudar a alternativa de utilizar adesivos químicos para a instalação das barras que compõe a armadura e concretagem do consolo em etapa posterior à execução do pilar. O trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica acerca dos principais conceitos que são importantes para esta solução: comportamento de ligações, ancoragens químicas, consolos e modelos de bielas e tirantes. A pesquisa também traz um programa experimental no qual foram ensaiados três modelos em escala real com consolo curto de mesmas dimensões, dois consolos com armadura do tirante ancorada com ancoragem química e um consolo monolítico com armadura ancorada com gancho dobrado a 90º. O consolo monolítico (modelo A) foi projetado atendendo os requisitos das normas NBR 6118:2014 e NBR 9062:2006. Um modelo (modelo B) com ancoragem química foi projetado com o mesmo comprimento de ancoragem do modelo monolítico e outro modelo (modelo C) com ancoragem química foi projetado conforme as recomendações do fabricante do adesivo químico. Desta forma, foi possível avaliar, através da comparação entre os modelos, a influência no comportamento do comprimento de ancoragem e a segurança desta solução em comparação com um consolo monolítico. O comprimento de ancoragem não apresentou influência no comportamento dos consolos pós-instalados. O modelo A apresentou carga última de 400 kN, o modelo B de 340 kN e o modelo C de 377 kN. Todos os modelos apresentaram ruptura por tração na flexão de forma dúctil e cargas últimas maiores que o previsto por normas e modelos de cálculo Os modelos com ancoragem química (B e C) tiveram comportamento similar, apresentaram maior abertura de fissuras e menor rigidez em comparação com o modelo monolítico. Os modelos B e C também apresentaram uma fissura inclinada no pilar na região da ancoragem, que atenta para uma distribuição de tensões diferente na região da ancoragem. A alternativa de consolos com ancoragens químicas mostrou comportamento satisfatório, no entanto, a solução ainda necessita de maiores estudos, principalmente no sentido de se reduzir a abertura de fissuras no consolo e combater o aparecimento de fissuras no pilar.

The bond strength may be influenced by the different composition and manipulation of the adhesive systems, the dentin structure and the method of evaluation. After exposure of the occlusal dentin surface 160 third human molars were divided in 2 groups (n=80) for the micropush-out (&#956;PBS) and microshear (&#956;SBS) bond strength tests. For the &#956;PBS, 4 groups (n=20) were obtained and a tapered cavity (2,5x1,5x1,0mm) was prepared on the dentin surface and restored with composite resin after treatment using different adhesive systems: Adper Single Bond, Adper Scotchbond MP, Prompt-L-Pop, AdheSE. After water storage for 24 hours, from 10 teeth per group, 1 oclusal slice (1,5 ±0,3mm) was obtained from each tooth, and the restoration submitted to vertical load. The other 10 teeth were storage for 12 months and then submitted to the same procedure. For the &#956;SBS another 80 teeth were divided into 4 groups (n=20), the dentin surface was treated using the same adhesive systems and composite resin cylinders (1x1mm) were constructed and polymerized in a single increment onto the bonding area. Ten specimens were tested after 24 hours and 10 after 12 months of water storage. The null hypotheses were that (1) the composition and manipulation of the adhesive systems, (2) the water storage and (3) the method of evaluation might influence the bond strength of direct composite resin restorations. Results of ANOVA did not show significant difference for the storage time factor (p=.6343), but there was difference between the methods (p<.0001), with higher values for the &#956;PBS test, and among the adhesive systems (p<.0001). The Adper Scotchbond and AdheSE systems presented higher bond strength values. Adhesive x method (p=.0002) and adhesive x method x time (p=.0037) interactions were significant, with different behaviors from adhesive systems within the method and time of evaluation. Conclusions were that the storage time might be not sufficient to result in alterations and that adhesive systems composition and manipulation might influence the bond strength. The &#956;PBS test, presented the higher bond values with lower coefficient of variation, indicating more consistence than the &#956;SBS test, besides of reproduce more faithfully clinical conditions. / Dentre os vários fatores que podem influenciar a resistência adesiva de diferentes sistemas adesivos à dentina estão as suas diferentes composições e manipulação, o substrato dentinário e a produção do teste. Após exposição da superfície dentinária oclusal 160 molares humanos foram divididos em 2 grupos (n=80) para os testes de micropush-out e micro-cisalhamento. Para o teste de micropush-out a superfície dentinária de 4 grupos (n=20) recebeu uma cavidade tronco-cônica (2,0x1,5x1,0mm) restaurada com resina composta após aplicação do sistema adesivo: Adper Single Bond (SLB); Adper Scotchbond MP (SMP); Prompt-L-Pop (PLP); Adhe SE (ADH). Após armazenagem em água por 24 horas, a partir de 10 dentes de cada grupo, foi obtida uma fatia oclusal (1,5 ±0,3mm) por dente cuja restauração foi submetida à carga vertical. Os outros 10 dentes de cada grupo foram armazenados por um ano e submetidos ao mesmo procedimento. Para o teste do micro-cisalhamento outros 80 dentes foram divididos em 4 grupos (n=20), a superfície dentinária foi tratada com os mesmos sistemas adesivos, e, diretamente sobre ela, cilindros de resina (1x1 mm) foram construídos e polimerizados em incremento único. Dez amostras de cada grupo foram testadas após 24 horas e as outras após um ano de armazenagem. As hipóteses nulas foram que (1) a composição e manipulação dos sistemas adesivos, (2) a armazenagem em água, e (3) o método de avaliação, não influenciam a resistência de união das restaurações de resina composta direta. A ANOVA não mostrou diferença significante para o fator tempo de armazenagem (p=0,6343), mas houve diferença entre os métodos de avaliação (p<0,0001), com valores mais altos para o micropush-out, e entre os adesivos (p<0,0001). O Adper Scotchbond MP e AdheSE apresentaram resultados melhores que os outros sistemas testados. As interações adesivos x métodos (p=0,0002) e adesivos x métodos x tempo (p=0,0037) foram significativas com comportamentos diferentes dos adesivos dentro do método e do tempo de armazenagem. Os resultados indicaram que a composição e manipulação dos adesivos influenciaram a resistência de união. O método micropush-out, além de resultar em valores mais altos de união, apresentou também menor coeficiente de variação, indicando ser mais consistente que o microcisalhamento, além de simular mais fielmente as condições clínicas. O tempo de armazenagem avaliado pode não ter sido suficiente para promover alteração que pudesse ser identificada no teste de resistência adesiva. / Mestre em Odontologia

Neste estudo, o objetivo foi avaliar, in vitro, o comportamento de três sistemas adesivos dentários (SAD), sendo dois autocondicionantes Clearfil SE Bond Kuraray Co (CSEB) e Xeno III Dentsply (X-III) e um condicione e lave de 3 passos Scothbond Multi-Purpose Plus - 3M ESPE (SBMP), no que se refere à inibição de lesões recidivantes de cárie em dentina, frente à um desafio cariogênico bacteriano, que utilizou uma cepa de Streptococcus mutans. Além destes materiais, foi inserido no estudo um controle negativo (CN), o qual não recebeu tratamento adesivo. A amostra formada por terceiros molares humanos (n=40) foi preparada com cavidades Classe V e restaurada com a resina composta (RC) Z250 (3M ESPE), deixando-se um nicho na interface restauração/dente na parede gengival em dentina. Os quatro grupos experimentais (n=10) foram submetidos ao desafio cariogênico para o desenvolvimento das lesões durante 30 dias. Foi realizada em microscopia óptica de luz (MOL) a medição das variáveis: profundidade da lesão de parede, extensão da lesão de parede e profundidade da lesão externa e em MEV (Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura) a análise morfológica das lesões de cárie formadas. Os dados referentes às lesões foram analisados através de Análise de Variância, testes auxiliares, além do Teste de Brown e Forsythe, com grau de significância de 5%. A metodologia adotada foi capaz de desenvolver lesões externas e de parede e de padronizar uma fenda entre restauração/dente. Em relação às variáveis estudadas, concluiu-se que o CSEB apresentou menores lesões de parede em profundidade e extensão do que os demais SAD, e que os resultados do X-III foram similares estatisticamente ao SBMP para as mesmas variáveis. Quanto a profundidade da lesão externa, todos os SAD tiveram comportamento semelhante. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro behavior of three dental adhesive systems (DAS), namely the two self etching Clearfil SE Bond Kuraray Co (CSEB) and Xeno III Dentsply (X-III) as well as the three-step etch and rinse Multi-Purpose Plus 3M ESPE (SBMP), concerning the inhibition of secondary dentine caries in the face of a bacterial cariogenic challenge using Streptococcus mutans. Besides the aforementioned material, a negative control group (NC) which did not receive any adhesive treatment was included in this study. The sample, which consisted of human third molars (n=40), in which class-V cavities prepares were restored with the composite resin (CR) Z250 (3M ESPE). An interfacial gap was left between teeth and restorations in the dentinal gingival wall. The four experimental groups (n=10) were exposed to a cariogenic challenge during 30 days. Light Optical Microscopy (LOM) was used to measure wall caries lesion depth, wall caries lesion extension and outer caries lesion depth. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) was the method chosen for the morphological analysis of the formed carie lesions. The data regarding lesions was analyzed through Analysis of Variance and Component of Variance Model in addition to the Brown-Forsythe test at a 5% significance level. The adopted methodology could develop external and wall lesions, also standardizing a gap between restorations and teeth. About the studied variables, it was possible to conclude that CSEB presented the smallest wall lesions both in depth and extension, and the X-III and SBMP results were statistically similar concerning the same variables. Regarding outer lesion depth, all DAS showed similar behaviour.