This Thesis is motivated by two problems, each concerning representations (homomorphisms) of groups into a connected reductive algebraic group G over an algebraically closed field k. The first problem is due to B. Külshammer and is to do with representations of finite groups in G: Let Γ be a finite group and suppose k has characteristic p. Let Γp be a Sylow p-subgroup of Γ and let ρ : Γp → G be a representation. Are there only finitely many conjugacy classes of representations ρ' : Γ → G whose restriction to Γp is conjugate to ρ? The second problem follows the work of M. Liebeck and G. Seitz: describe the representations of connected reductive algebraic H in G. These two problems have been settled as long as the characteristic p is large enough but not much is known in the case where the characteristic p is a so called bad prime for G, which will be the setting for our work. At the intersection of these two problems lies another problem which we call the algebraic version of Külshammer's question where we no longer suppose Γ is finite. This new variation of Külshammer's question is interesting in its own right, and a counterexample may provide insight into Külshammer's original question. Our approach is to convert these problems into problems in the nonabelian 1-cohomology. Let K be a reductive algebraic group, P a parabolic subgroup of G with Levi subgroup L < P, V the unipotent radical of P. Let ρ₀ : K → L be a representation. Then the representations ρ : K → P that equal ρ₀ under the canonical projection P → L are in bijective correspondence with elements of the space of 1-cocycles Z¹(K,V ) where K acts on V by xv = ρ₀(x)vρ₀(x)⁻¹. We can then interpret P- and G-conjugacy classes of representations in terms of the 1-cohomology H¹(K,V ). We state and prove the conditions under which a collection of representations from K to P is a finite union of conjugacy classes in terms of the 1-cohomology in Theorem 4.22. Unlike other approaches, we work directly with the nonabelian 1-cohomology. Even so, we find that the 1-cocycles in Z¹(K,V ) often take values in an abelian subgroup of V (Lemmas 5.10 and 5.11). This is interesting, for the question "is the restriction map of 1-cohomologies H¹(H,V) → H¹(U,V) induced by the inclusion of U in K injective?" is closely linked to the question of Külshammer, and has positive answer if V is abelian and H = SL₂k) (Example 3.2). We show that for G = B4 there is a family of pairwise non-conjugate embeddings of SL₂in G, a direction provided by Stewart who proved the result for G = F4. This is important as an example like this is first needed if one hopes to find a counterexample to the algebraic version of Külshammer's question.

No description available.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-01T15:47:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Matheus Dantas e Lima - 2015.pdf: 704663 bytes, checksum: d5208ed461f05826e6138ead557fb633 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-01T15:49:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Matheus Dantas e Lima - 2015.pdf: 704663 bytes, checksum: d5208ed461f05826e6138ead557fb633 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T15:49:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Matheus Dantas e Lima - 2015.pdf: 704663 bytes, checksum: d5208ed461f05826e6138ead557fb633 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-29 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / (Sem resumo) / Sobre condições para que uma propriedade de grupos seja fechada via formação do produto tensorial não abeliano de grupos.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第22233号 / 理博第4547号 / 新制||理||1653(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)准教授 河合 俊哉, 教授 大槻 知忠, 教授 入谷 寛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-05-18T18:27:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jefferson dos Santos e Silva - 2015.pdf: 741852 bytes, checksum: 8cb431ec9a186100784d60268a133fcf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-05-18T18:28:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jefferson dos Santos e Silva - 2015.pdf: 741852 bytes, checksum: 8cb431ec9a186100784d60268a133fcf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-18T18:28:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jefferson dos Santos e Silva - 2015.pdf: 741852 bytes, checksum: 8cb431ec9a186100784d60268a133fcf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-19 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / In this work, based on [9], describes an effective method for computing a consistent polycyclic presentation for the nonanbeian tensor square G G of a group G given by a consistent polycyclic presentation. / Este trabalho, baseado em [9], determina um efetivo método para calcular uma apresentação policíclica consistente para o quadrado tensorial não abeliano G G de um grupo G dado por uma apresentação policíclica consistente.

<p>The fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE), discovered in 1982 in a two-dimensional electron system, has generated a wealth of successful theory and new concepts in condensed matter physics, but is still not fully understood. The possibility of having nonabelian quasiparticle statistics has recently attracted attention on purely theoretical grounds but also because of its potential applications in topologically protected quantum computing.</p><p>This thesis focuses on the quasiparticles using three different approaches. The first is an effective Chern-Simons theory description, where the noncommutativity imposed on the classical space variables captures the incompressibility. We propose a construction of the quasielectron and illustrate how many-body quantum effects are emulated by a classical noncommutative theory.</p><p>The second approach involves a study of quantum Hall states on a torus where one of the periods is taken to be almost zero. Characteristic quantum Hall properties survive in this limit in which they become very simple to understand. We illustrate this by giving a simple counting argument for degeneracy 2<i>n</i>^-1, pertinent to nonabelian statistics, in the presence of 2<i>n</i> quasiholes in the Moore-Read state and generalise this result to 2<i>n</i>-<i>k</i> quasiholes and <i>k </i>quasielectrons.</p><p>In the third approach, we study the topological nature of the degeneracy 2<i>n</i>^-1 by using a recently proposed analogy between the Moore-Read state and the two-dimensional spin-polarized p-wave BCS state. We study a version of this problem where one can use techniques developed in the context of high-<i>T</i>c superconductors to turn the vortex background into an effective gauge field in a Dirac equation. Topological arguments in the form of index theory gives the degeneracy 2<i>n</i>^-1 for 2<i>n</i> vortices.</p>

The fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE), discovered in 1982 in a two-dimensional electron system, has generated a wealth of successful theory and new concepts in condensed matter physics, but is still not fully understood. The possibility of having nonabelian quasiparticle statistics has recently attracted attention on purely theoretical grounds but also because of its potential applications in topologically protected quantum computing. This thesis focuses on the quasiparticles using three different approaches. The first is an effective Chern-Simons theory description, where the noncommutativity imposed on the classical space variables captures the incompressibility. We propose a construction of the quasielectron and illustrate how many-body quantum effects are emulated by a classical noncommutative theory. The second approach involves a study of quantum Hall states on a torus where one of the periods is taken to be almost zero. Characteristic quantum Hall properties survive in this limit in which they become very simple to understand. We illustrate this by giving a simple counting argument for degeneracy 2n-1, pertinent to nonabelian statistics, in the presence of 2n quasiholes in the Moore-Read state and generalise this result to 2n-k quasiholes and k quasielectrons. In the third approach, we study the topological nature of the degeneracy 2n-1 by using a recently proposed analogy between the Moore-Read state and the two-dimensional spin-polarized p-wave BCS state. We study a version of this problem where one can use techniques developed in the context of high-Tc superconductors to turn the vortex background into an effective gauge field in a Dirac equation. Topological arguments in the form of index theory gives the degeneracy 2n-1 for 2n vortices.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-23T19:38:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissGCIF.pdf: 1709329 bytes, checksum: 237db6a30fde160e22a9171ebb48cdb8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-26T20:45:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissGCIF.pdf: 1709329 bytes, checksum: 237db6a30fde160e22a9171ebb48cdb8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-26T20:45:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissGCIF.pdf: 1709329 bytes, checksum: 237db6a30fde160e22a9171ebb48cdb8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T20:45:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissGCIF.pdf: 1709329 bytes, checksum: 237db6a30fde160e22a9171ebb48cdb8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-22 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The nonabelian tensor square GG of a group G was introduced by R. K. Dennis [8] in a search for new homology functors having a close relationship to K-theory and it is based on the work of C. Miller [14]. Subsequently R. Brown and J.-L. Loday [6] discovered a topological significance for the tensor square, namely, that the third homotopy group of the suspension of an Eilenberg MacLane space K(G; 1) satisfies _3 �����SK(G; 1) _ _= ker(_1), where _1 : GG ! G is the “comutator homomorphism”: _1(gh) = [g; h] = ghg�����1h�����1, 8g; h 2 G. They also defined the tensor product GH of two distinct groups acting “compatibly” on each other and showed that it arose in a certain “universal crossed square”. The main purpose of this work is to present the first properties of the nonabelian tensor product of groups and its applications in homotopy theory. / O quadrado tensorial não-abeliano GG de um grupo G foi introduzido por R. K. Dennis [8] em uma busca por novos funtores de homologia tendo uma íntima relação com a K-teoria e é baseado no trabalho de C. Miller [14]. Após isso, R. Brown e J.-L. Loday [6] descobriram uma importância topológica para o quadrado tensorial, a saber, que o terceiro grupo de homotopia da suspensão de um espaço de Eilenberg MacLane K(G; 1) satisfaz _3 SK(G; 1) __= ker(_1), em que _1 : G G ! G é o “homomorfismo comutador”: _1(gh) = [g; h] = ghg1h1, 8g; h 2 G. Os autores também definiram o produto tensorial GH de dois grupos quaisquer agindo “compativelmente” um no outro e mostraram que este aparece em um certo “quadrado cruzado universal”. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar o produto tensorial de grupos não-abelianos, suas primeiras propriedades e a aplicação dele na teoria de homotopia. / Processo 2013/01245-7

Short summary of main work since 1999

Imagine your local creamery administers a survey asking their patrons to choose their five favorite ice cream flavors. Any data collected by this survey would be an example of partially ranked data, as the set of all possible flavors is only ranked into subsets of the chosen flavors and the non-chosen flavors. If the creamery asks you to help analyze this data, what approaches could you take? One approach is to use the natural symmetries of the underlying data space to decompose any data set into smaller parts that can be more easily understood. In this work, I describe how to use permutation representations of the symmetric group to create and study efficient algorithms that yield such decompositions.