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Thesis (MA (Hons))--Macquarie University, School of English Studies, 1972. / Bibliography: leaves 353-358. / The subject of this thesis is Broad Norfolk, which refers to that variety of speech used for communication between Norfolk Islanders in informal social situations. Previous research on the language has been mainly limited to lexical observations. This study covers a considerably wider area of investigation, viz. description of the phonology and grammatical structure of Norfolk and an assessment of the historical affiliations of its main features. ... The analysis of Norfolk phonology is based on impressionistic evidence, with support from an acoustic study of vocalic nuclei. The statistical values of stressed vowels are compared with those of Cultivated Australian. The quality of weakly stressed vowels and Norfolk consonants is also considered. Study of prosodic phenomena, such as syllabication, stress and reduplication habits is restricted to what was required by the description of Norfolk vowels. ... Definition of the Word Classes of Norfolk precedes the formal description of its grammar. Since Norfolk expresses its grammatical relationships by syntax rather than morphology, the determination of Word Classes reveals the basic level of its grammar. This section also permits comment on important idiomatic features of the language. In the formal treatment of structures, Independent and Dependent Clauses, Phrases and Word level constructions are described according to tagmemic procedures. / The historical section of the thesis begins with a linguistic history of Pitcairn and Norfolk Islands; it estimates which individuals, attitudes and events most influenced the character of their languages. This chapter discusses such related subjects as the reason for Pitcairnese and Norfolk remaining so stable throughout their history, the probable circumstances under which Pitcairnese developed, and the relationship between Norfolk and creole languages. ... Historical connections are then shown more precisely through description of the development of English and Tahitian vowels and consonants in Norfolk, and through relation of English dialects, Tahitian and creole languages to the structural features of Norfolk. ... The Glossary serves as as illustration and extension of the sections preceding it. It contains all Norfolk vocabulary forms and meanings which are known to the author but which do not exist in Standard English; etymological comment is included for most items. Part of the function of the Glossary is to show, in summary, those forms which are local innovations and those which have been preserved from eighteenth century British dialects and Ancient Tahitian. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / 358 leaves ill

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Jacox Elementary School Improvement program to determine the extent to which the program was effective in achieving its goals. The study sought to answer the major research question: Is the Jacox Elementary School Improvement program successful in achieving its stated goals? and to answer three subquestions: 1) Did the students improve academically?, 2) Was the self-concept of students improved?, and, 3) Was the school climate as perceived by students and teachers positively changed? Instruments were selected to measure the areas examined. Three instruments were used to assess Student academic achievement: 1) the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills, 2) the communication skills and mathematics portions of the criterion-referenced tests, and 3) the reading comprehension portion of the Virginia State Literacy Predictor Tests as well as the final report card grades for communications skills and mathematics. The Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale was used to assess the self-concept of students. The Student Survey for Jacox Elementary’s Climate Correlate was used to assess the school climate as perceived by students. The National Association of Secondary School Principals Teacher School Climate Survey was used to assess the school climate as perceived by teachers. Teacher interviews were conducted to gather qualitative data. The findings showed that: - When certain assessment measures were used, students in some grade levels improved academically. - There were no significant differences between the pretest and posttest means of the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale. - Both students and teachers reported an improvement in the climate of the school. - Student and teacher attendance improved over the previous year. The preponderance of evidence indicated that the Jacox Elementary School Improvement program did not meet its stated goals. The fact that the program was assessed for one academic year provided one explanation for the research findings. / Ed. D.

Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-150). Also available via the Internet.

Martinsville, Virginia lost its textile industry to Mexico. High Point, North Carolina lost its furniture business to Asia. Pittsburgh lost Steel, Detroit lost auto-making, Mississippi lost cotton, and West Virginia lost coal. These once booming mono-industrial communities, competitive in a global economy, are all clawing their way out of a deep, dark unemployment whole. Each has a chapter in the story of urban decay and renewal with different endings. But the actions of their elected officials, before, during, and after their community's single industry downsizes or leaves, make all the difference. The following comparative policy paper examines the strategies of two local governments, those of Roanoke, Virginia, and Altoona, Pennsylvania, who attempted to mitigate the loss of Norfolk Southern Rail Car Repair Shops in their cities. I find quantitative and qualitative research, which suggests that Roanoke faired better after the loss of Norfolk Southern with regard to unemployment rates, median household income, high school and college graduation rates and poverty rates. I attempt a research design such that community leaders whose cities suffer similar economic blows can walk away with recommendations concerning their roles in recovery. Both cities relied greatly on the economic activity of Car Repair Shops. The staff at the Roanoke Car Shops, once comprised of more than a thousand men and women, has dwindled to a skeleton crew of about 15. The Hollidaysburg Car Shops also employed close to one thousand people, but too, has eroded to about a dozen. A history of each city and the evolution surrounding Norfolk Southern is included, along with an extensive examination into subsequent economic activity. / Master of Arts

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M.S.

M.S.

This thesis examines the role of blacks during Reconstruction in Norfolk, Virginia. The years of Reconstruction in Norfolk were years of dramatic change for blacks. Blacks seized the opportunity to exercise control over their own lives and pushed for equality with whites in economic, social, and political realms. This study shows Norfolk blacks were active agents whose actions shaped the course of Reconstruction in their city. / Master of Arts