This dissertation is a study of how various German narratives from the nineteenth century to the present tell stories that are interrupted or framed by discourse on storytelling itself. More specifically, I examine the various means by which authors in different periods have sought to address and undermine the idea that a story must be believable. The classic frame narrative is one example of how the problem of credibility has been confronted, and yet I suggest that frames are often employed by authors for the very reason that contrary to their perceived function, they are inherently unstable. Frame narratives, interwoven stories, unbelievable occurrences, or less than credible storytellers are all ways by which the texts examined here reflect on their own production and create ambiguity about levels of reality and the connections between different story levels.

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Estudar a obra novelística de Luigi Pirandello é um modo de entender não apenas as razões que o levaram a ser um dos mais importantes escritores italianos do século XX, mas também o papel de cada um de nós no mundo e na vida. As novelas, baseadas em pequenos acontecimentos cotidianos, formam um grande mosaico da existência humana: uma nota no jornal, um amor acabado ou ainda nem começado, um simples gesto ou o apito de um trem, são situações que despertam a imaginação do autor e nas quais muitas vezes nos reconhecemos. Dramaturgo e romancista de sucesso, Pirandello nunca deixou de escrever novelas: foram 251 ao longo de sua carreira. Para ele, a novela era o espaço íntimo, insubstituível, reservado para a discussão existencial empreendida pelos seus personagens em uma época tão inquieta como o início do século XX. As novelas, reunidas no projeto Novelle per un anno, são de vital importância para se compreender a evolução das preocupações do autor e representam a base de seu pensamento. As últimas novelas, principalmente, trazem novas chaves de interpretação ao conjunto da obra e mostram um escritor novo e muito mais inquietante, que muitas vezes a crítica não soube reconhecer. Traçar a trajetória do Pirandello novelista, ou novellaro, como ele se definia, relacionando-a com os outros aspectos de sua carreira literária, de seu pensamento e da época que ele tão bem retratou, é o objetivo deste trabalho. / To study Pirandellos short story is a means not only of understanding the reason why he became one of the most important Italian writers of the twentieth century but also the role we play in the world and life. His short stories, based on ordinary events, make the great mosaic of our lives a piece of news, a love that has broken up or not even started, a gesture, a train whistle; situations that drive his thoughts, where many times we recognize ourselves. Successful play writer and novelist, Pirandello never stopped writing short stories: 251 along all his work life. According to Pirandello, a short story was the intimate, unique place, intended for the existential debates of his characters in the hard times of the beginning of the twentieth century. The short stories, brought together in the project Novelle per un anno, are of great importance to understand the evolution of the authors worries and represent the basis of his thought. The last short stories mainly bring new tools for interpretation to Pirandellos work and show a new, much more disturbing writer, many times not acknowledged by critics. To follow the course of the short-story writer Pirandello or novellaro, as he used to call himself connected with other aspects of his literary life, thought, and the time he described so well, is the focus of this work.

Les Novelle de Matteo Bandello (Lucca, 1554 ; Lyon, 1573) disparaissent rapidement du circuit éditorial italien : elles ne seront republiées en version intégrale dans la Péninsule qu'en 1791-1793, avec l'édition de Livourne, chez l’éditeur Masi, établie par Gaetano Poggiali et présentée sous l'indication trompeuse de ‘Londres, chez Riccardo Banker’. Entre ces limites chronologiques extrêmes, dans le panorama éditorial italien des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, on n’enregistre de cette oeuvre qu’une survivance résiduelle, qui n’a pas fait l'objet encore aujourd’hui d'une reconstruction exhaustive. En 1560, Ascanio Centorio degli Ortensi publie une version du recueil, privée des lettres dédicatoires, qui comprend des nouvelles réécrites, choisies et mêlées à celles d’autres auteurs. À partir de 1562, vingt nouvelles bandelliennes seront insérées dans les Cento novelle scelte da i più nobili scrittori della lingua volgare, l’anthologie conçue par Francesco Sansovino et relancée à plusieurs reprises à Venise entre 1561 et 1619. Huit autres nouvelles, enfin, seront traduites en latin par l’érudit pérugin Marco Antonio Bonciari dans son recueil d’exempla, intitulé Thrasymenus sive Anthologiae Illustrium Exemplorum Decades duae (Perugia 1641) et Decades tres (Perugia 1648).Cette fragmentation de l’œuvre originale de Bandello s’accompagne d’une disparition progressive de l’auteur, éludant d’abord son espace privilégié, les lettres dédicatoires, puis son auctorialité et jusqu’à son simple nom. En examinant dans le détail, et surtout dans leur ensemble, les ouvrages précédemment cités, on s’interrogera sur les raisons de cette mauvaise réception de l’édition princeps, sur les problèmes moraux, littéraires et éditoriaux qu’elle pouvait soulever, ainsi que sur sa réelle circulation et diffusion parmi les lecteurs de l’époque. / Matteo Bandello's Novelle (Lucca, 1554, Lyon, 1573) swiftly disappear from the Italian editorial distribution: they will be published again in full version not before 1791-1793, with the Livorno edition, by Gaetano Poggiali, presented under the fallacious indication of 'London, by Riccardo Banker'. In between these chronological extremes, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries' Italy, only a residual survivance of his works can be recorded, which has not yet been subject to a comprehensive and detailed reconstruction. In 1560 Ascanio Centorio of Ortensi circulates a version of the collection without its dedication letters, with rewritten novelle, selected and mixed with those of other authors. As of 1562 twenty novels of Bandello will appear in the Cento novelle scelte da i più nobili scrittori della lingua volgare, the anthology thought by Francesco Sansovino and printed several times in Venice from 1561 to 1619. Eventually eight other novels will be translated in Latin by the Perugian scholar Marco Antonio Bonciari in his collection of exempla, entitled Thrasymenus sive Anthologiae Illustrium exemplorum Decades duae (Perugia 1641) and Decades tres (Perugia 1648).To this fragmentation of the original novelliere corresponds the gradual disappearance of the author: first denying his privileged setting, represented by the dedicatory letters, then even his proper name. Examining the above listed works in detail and in their whole, we shall ponder the reasons for the poor audience of the princeps edition, the moral, literary and editorial problems it could raise, as well as its true circulation amongst readers of this age.

Estudar a obra novelística de Luigi Pirandello é um modo de entender não apenas as razões que o levaram a ser um dos mais importantes escritores italianos do século XX, mas também o papel de cada um de nós no mundo e na vida. As novelas, baseadas em pequenos acontecimentos cotidianos, formam um grande mosaico da existência humana: uma nota no jornal, um amor acabado ou ainda nem começado, um simples gesto ou o apito de um trem, são situações que despertam a imaginação do autor e nas quais muitas vezes nos reconhecemos. Dramaturgo e romancista de sucesso, Pirandello nunca deixou de escrever novelas: foram 251 ao longo de sua carreira. Para ele, a novela era o espaço íntimo, insubstituível, reservado para a discussão existencial empreendida pelos seus personagens em uma época tão inquieta como o início do século XX. As novelas, reunidas no projeto Novelle per un anno, são de vital importância para se compreender a evolução das preocupações do autor e representam a base de seu pensamento. As últimas novelas, principalmente, trazem novas chaves de interpretação ao conjunto da obra e mostram um escritor novo e muito mais inquietante, que muitas vezes a crítica não soube reconhecer. Traçar a trajetória do Pirandello novelista, ou novellaro, como ele se definia, relacionando-a com os outros aspectos de sua carreira literária, de seu pensamento e da época que ele tão bem retratou, é o objetivo deste trabalho. / To study Pirandellos short story is a means not only of understanding the reason why he became one of the most important Italian writers of the twentieth century but also the role we play in the world and life. His short stories, based on ordinary events, make the great mosaic of our lives a piece of news, a love that has broken up or not even started, a gesture, a train whistle; situations that drive his thoughts, where many times we recognize ourselves. Successful play writer and novelist, Pirandello never stopped writing short stories: 251 along all his work life. According to Pirandello, a short story was the intimate, unique place, intended for the existential debates of his characters in the hard times of the beginning of the twentieth century. The short stories, brought together in the project Novelle per un anno, are of great importance to understand the evolution of the authors worries and represent the basis of his thought. The last short stories mainly bring new tools for interpretation to Pirandellos work and show a new, much more disturbing writer, many times not acknowledged by critics. To follow the course of the short-story writer Pirandello or novellaro, as he used to call himself connected with other aspects of his literary life, thought, and the time he described so well, is the focus of this work.

Dissertation--Universität München, 2005. / Bibliogr. p. 280-288.

Disputats, 2009.