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Magister Educationis - MEd / Men comprise about 10% of the nursing population globally and approximately 15% of the nursing workforce according to the South African Nursing Council. There has been an increase noted in the number of males entering the nursing profession. However, it is reported that male nurses experience discriminatory encounters related to gender bias, nursing culture, lack of equity in learning opportunities, and the stigmatisation of male nurses by the media. Although figures indicate that men remain a minority within this female-dominated profession, a university in the Western Cape reported an increased enrolment of males in the nursing programme. However, little is known about what motivates them to enter this female-dominated profession and the challenges they face within the nursing profession. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compile a profile of the current male student nursing population at his school of nursing. The objectives were to identify factors motivating male students to choose nursing as a profession; identify the perceived challenges of male students in the nursing programme; and determine any associations. A quantitative, descriptive study design was used to collect data from the study population, 218 male students registered for the undergraduate nursing programmes in 2018. Stratified sampling was used to select male students for participation in the crosssectional survey and 143 completed the self-administered questionnaire. The tool in this study was adapted from studies conducted by Bartfay et al (2010) and from O’Lynn (2003, 2013). The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient for the Likert scale questions to determine the motivation for choosing nursing was 0.700 -and 0.905 for the perceived challenges. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to calculate descriptive and inferential statistics. Spearman’s correlations to calculate the strength of the relationship between the dependent variables. Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal- Wallis tests were used to determine the associations between the different variables. A response rate of 65.5% (143) was obtained. The majority of the male students, 84% (120) were aged between 18-25 years and 13% (18) between 26 and 33 years. The majority, 77% (110) were Blacks, 19% (27) Coloureds and 1% (2) White. Forty four percent (63) resides in the Eastern Cape, whilst 39% (56) is from the Western Cape. The spread across the different year levels from 1st to 4th year of the B. Nursing programme are 25% (35), 27(39), 21% (29) and 20% (28) respectively. The majority, 88% (126) had no previous nursing experience before commencing the nursing programme but 53% (76) were studying. The majority, 95% (137) were single and 79% (114) indicating no dependents. The desire to make a difference in society (97%, n=137) and always wanted to be a nurse (38%, n=54) were identified respectively as the most and least important intrinsic factor for entering the nursing profession. The highest rated extrinsic factors for choosing nursing ranging from 92% -76% included having a stable career; variety of career paths; travelling abroad; career mobility and using nursing as a steppingstone to other careers. However, 39% (56) were encouraged by family to do nursing. In terms of perceived challenges, the majority of male students indicated that media portrayed nursing as a female profession, 86% (122) and male nurses as gay or effeminate, 71% (102). Challenges in the clinical settings reveal that 71% (102) of the respondents fear being accused of inappropriate touching of female patients, 82% (118) indicated that female patients were reluctant to receive care from male nurses, and 78% (112) perceive that female colleagues utilize male nurses primarily to lift heavy objects or heavy patients. Finally, the results indicate that extrinsic motivations were significantly associated with the respondents’ race (p = 0.004) and province (p = 0.047). A significant association was found between intrinsic motivation and the age of those respondents who considered nursing as a profession (p = 0.000). There was a significant association between extrinsic motivations and the age when the respondents considered nursing (p = 0.016). The main recommendation that nurse educators and clinical staff be informed of the challenges and gender-based issues that male student nurses face and implement remedial actions in both the classroom and clinical areas.

An ever-changing healthcare landscape requires today’s nurses to have a solid foundation in knowledge and clinical judgment to provide safe care to patients. Nurse educators must implement teaching strategies that help develop the knowledge and clinical judgment that nursing students will need upon graduation and entry into healthcare. Simulation-based experiences have been shown to help develop clinical judgment when used as part of a clinical practicum. However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of simulation-based experiences as a classroom teaching strategy. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to examine knowledge acquisition, clinical judgment, and general self-efficacy in undergraduate nursing students who participated in simulation-based case studies as a classroom teaching strategy versus those students who attended a traditional lecture. Students in the intervention group rotated through four simulation-based case study stations. Results indicated that there was not a significant difference in knowledge, clinical judgment, or general self-efficacy found between nursing students participating in simulation-based case studies versus those attending a traditional lecture. Additionally, relationships between demographic characteristics and clinical judgment scores in undergraduate nursing students were explored. There were no statistically significant relationships found between demographic characteristics and clinical judgment in this sample. Further analysis indicated that both teaching strategies are effective in promoting knowledge acquisition, clinical judgment, and general self-efficacy. The findings of this study demonstrate that both participation in simulation-based case studies and attending a traditional lecture are effective classroom teaching strategies in promoting knowledge acquisition, clinical judgment, and general self-efficacy in nursing students. Nurse educators are encouraged to continue to explore simulation-based experiences as a teaching strategy in the classroom.

Acute cystitis (AC) is characterized by a sudden inflammation of the bladder caused by bacteria. The severity of AC ranges from mild to severe and may be recurrent, especially in at-risk populations. Bacteria in the bladder may travel further into the urinary system, causes urinary tract infections (UTI’s) resulting in urosepsis. Hygienic procedures play a large role in decreasing the bacteria that causes AC, so it is important for nursing students to understand and correctly apply the knowledge learned throughout the curriculum. This study focused on the knowledge and understanding nursing students have about AC. To determine this information, a short questionnaire was emailed to nursing students using the Checkbox software. A letter to potential participants included information about the study and consent was obtained when the participant chose to complete the survey. The survey consisted of seven questions on demographic data, AC, sterile versus medical asepsis, and hand hygiene. Frequency tables were used to determine differences in knowledge and understanding of the questions. The results of this study showed that nursing students need to review material on acute cystitis, hand hygiene, and medical versus surgical asepsis. These findings are consistent with literature that has suggested nursing students may need to review information about AC and its related concepts.

BACKGROUND A form of social networking, Twitter is considered a useful means of communication, particularly with millennials. This method was chosen based on current literature exploring the characteristics of millennial students. METHOD Ahern's Model of Adolescent Resilience served as the theoretical framework. Participants were 70 junior-level baccalaureate nursing students, ages 19-23, at two state-supported universities. RESULTS Twitter was found to be a convenient, cost-effective, and enjoyable means of intervention delivery for the researcher. Participants in the experimental and control groups expressed positive feelings about the use of Twitter. CONCLUSION The findings contribute to future efforts to use social media in nursing research and education to increase faculty-student engagement, promote critical reflection, provide social support, reinforce course content, and increase the sense of community.

Background: Maternity nursing is perceived as an unwelcoming specialty to many nursing students who are men. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of nursing students who are men at a Southeastern university before, during, and after their obstetric clinical rotations. Methods: Students were interviewed individually. The sessions were recorded and transcribed. The transcripts were analyzed individually and collectively by a three-person study team using existential phenomenology. Results: Seven nursing students who are men participated. Four major themes were discovered: preconceptions, welcoming, perceived rejection (of and by participants), and maternity unit culture. Students' perceptions appeared to be grounded in their level of comfort with maternity nursing. Conclusions: This study adds to the scant amount of information available about experiences of nursing students who are men during their clinical maternity nursing rotation and may help to explain why some men may feel unwelcome in women's health nursing.

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Social media can provide a tool for nursing students, who frequently transition between learning in the classroom and clinical contexts, to consolidate both their formal and informal learning experiences. Furthermore, the majority of baccalaureate nursing students fall within the millennial generation, meaning that they have grown up with computers and other digital tools and likely already use them to share educational resources and maintain contact with their peers. We know little about how health professions outside of Medicine use social media in teaching and learning, especially outside the context of the classroom and assignments. This pragmatic three-phase sequential mixed methods case study explores nursing students’ perceptions of using social media to support their learning and teaching. Phase 1 involves a survey of nursing students at Nipissing University to understand their use of social media for teaching and learning purposes. Phase 2 consists of a digital artifact collection, which involves following nursing students’ social media accounts to see what content they share related to teaching and learning in nursing education. Finally, Phase 3 involves semi-structured interviews to gain a deeper understanding of what motivates nursing students’ decisions to use social media for teaching and learning purposes. Overall, the findings show that nursing students at Nipissing University’s School of Nursing use social media in their formal and informal teaching and learning; they also use it as a ‘third space’ to supplement existing educational and institutional structures. The findings also demonstrate that while nursing students are relatively motivated to use social media in their teaching and learning, issues of quality and reliability of evidence, professionalism, and faculty or program attitudes can influence nursing students’ decisions to use or not to use social media for teaching and learning purposes. Finally, the findings suggest that nursing students share content related to advocacy, health education, and their perceptions and realities of nursing practice. This study contributes practically to the existing conversations regarding teaching and learning, critical inquiry, communication and collaboration, and professionalism in nursing education and practice.