The purpose of this study was to determine if barbell circuit training (RTC) as a model for concurrent training is superior to high intensity interval (CTHI) or moderate intensity continuous (CTMI) cycling for changes in muscular strength, hypertrophy, and body composition. Eleven trained males were recruited and counterbalanced into three groups. Each program featured three alternating days of resistance training per week, with one of the above time-equated (30-minute) concurrent training modalities between sessions. All groups increased muscular strength (p<0.05, RTC=7.48%, CTHI=10.32%, CTMI=15.74%) with no group differences (p>0.05). Increases in upper body muscle hypertrophy were similar in RTC and CTMI (p<0.01, RTC=20.18%, CTMI=20.97%), increases in lower body muscle hypertrophy only occurred in CTMI (VM: p=0.01, 38.59%, VLP: p=0.07, 13.33%), while no hypertrophy changes were detected in CTHI (p>0.05), no group experienced changes in body composition (p>0.05). These findings suggest similar muscle performance benefits from barbell circuit or cycling concurrent training. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015 / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

養分與睡眠的關聯是一個在睡眠科學上極具爭議性的課題。減低攝取蛋白質和碳水化合物會導致失眠，增加攝取總脂肪和油份會導致失眠。維生素和礦物質也被認為與失眠有關。此論文嘗試通過研究一般香港中國人的食習慣和失眠情況，進一步了解營養物質與失眠之間的關聯。此論文將會深入探討營養成分對失眠的影響。 / 背景和目標： 失眠是常見的睡眠障礙和公共衛生問題。失眠可分為三個亞型：難以啟動睡眠(DIM)、難以維持睡眠(DMS) 和過早覺醒類型(EMA)。然而，有關的研究多着重於外國人口。針對研究香港中國人口的失眠情況與營養成分關聯的資料相對比較少。此研究目的是找出在香港中國人口失眠與營養成分之間的關聯，有助研究失眠與營養成分之間的機制。據推測，失眠與營養成分之間於香港中國人口有關聯。香港中國人口失眠症患者的食特點跟其他地區人口會有所不同。失眠的三個亞型和營養成分之間的關聯會有所不同。 / 研究方法： 十三間學校被邀請進行了橫斷面研究。一百三十八位青少年(六十一男、七十七女) 以及一百七十三位成年人（八十四男、 八十九女）應邀參加這項研究。有關日常營養攝取量的資料，以自行申報的三天膳食記錄表取得。有關失眠症狀的評估，以自行申報的標準睡眠問卷（ISI）獲得。有關焦慮和抑鬱的評估，以自行申報的醫院焦慮抑鬱量表（HADS）取得。 / 研究結果與結論：分析顯示，失眠與減低攝取維生素A有關聯(成年人組別p = 0.02、青少年組別p = 0.01)，與減低攝取維生素D有關聯(成年人組別p = 0.02、青少年組別p = 0.01）和與減低攝取維生素E有關聯(成年人組別p = 0.02、青少年組別p = 0.01)。失眠綜合症與難以啟動睡眠(DIM)、難以維持睡眠(DMS) 和過早覺醒類型(EMA) 與減低攝取飽和脂肪、碳水化合物、維生素A 、維生素D、和維生素E有關聯。此研究證實了香港中國人口的失眠與營養成分之間有關聯。證實了香港中國人口失眠症患者的食特點跟其他地區人口有不同。證實了失眠的三個亞型和營養成分之間的關聯有不同。我們於這項研究成功找到與失眠有關的營養成分，有助研發以天然營養物質來解決香港中國人的失眠問題。 / The association of nutrients and sleep is a debatable question in sleep science. Some literatures suggest that sleep is enhanced by certain nutrients, while some other literatures suggest that sleep is deprived by certain nutrients causing insomnia. This dissertation attempts to address the association between nutrients and insomnia of Hong Kong Chinese Population. / Background and Objective: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder and a major public health issue. Insomnia could be classified into three subtypes: Difficulty in Initiating Sleep (DIS), Difficulty in Maintaining Sleep (DMS), and Early Morning Awakening (EMA). Vitamins and minerals are thought to be associated with insomnia. From literature reviews, studies in western population and in Asian population found that protein and carbohydrates, fat and oil are associated with insomnia. Insomnia could be affected by the availability of nutritional substances in individual’s diet. However, limited studies are done in Hong Kong Chinese population on the association between insomnia and nutrient components. The aim of this study is to find out the association between insomnia and nutrient components in-take in Hong Kong Chinese population. / Hypothesis: It is hypothesized insomnia and nutrient components would also have association in Hong Kong Chinese population. It is hypothesized the dietary characteristic of insomniac in Hong Kong Chinese population would be different from that of non-Hong Kong Chinese population, and it is hypothesized each insomnia subtype and nutrient components would have different association. / Method: A community-based cross-sectional study is conducted in 13 schools. There are 138 adolescents (61 male and 77 female) and 173 adults (84 male and 89 female) participated in this study. Information of daily nutrient intake is obtained by a self-administrated 3-day food diary, the assessment of insomnia symptom is obtained by a standard sleep questionnaire Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the assessment of anxiety and depression is obtained by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). / Results and Conclusion: Agree with the hypothesis, insomnia and nutrient component have association in Hong Kong Chinese population. The dietary characteristic of insomniac in Hong Kong Chinese population is different from that of non-Hong Kong Chinese population. Each insomnia subtype and nutrient component has different association. Multivariance analysis shows insomnia subtype Difficult Initiating Sleep (DIS), Difficult Maintaining Sleep (DMS), Early Morning Awakening (EMA), and overall insomnia syndrome associate with decreased in-take of vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E in both adults and adolescents. Decreased intake of saturated fat associates with insomnia subtype DMS and decreased intake of carbohydrate associates with insomnia subtype EMA in this study. Information from this study shines lights on the relationship of insomnia and nutrients in-take in the general population of Hong Kong Chinese. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Lau, Yin Wah Vivien. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-90). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract: --- p.i-iv / Acknowledgements: --- p.v / Table of contents: --- p.vi-viii / List of Lists: --- p.ix / List of Tables: --- p.ix / List of Figures: --- p.ix / Objective --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Sleep Research --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Background and History of Sleep Research --- p.2-3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Sleep Function and Consequence --- p.3-4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators --- p.4-5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Insomnia --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Definition of Insomnia --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Many Different Definitions of Insomnia Diagnostic Criteria --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Diagnostic Criteria used for Insomnia in This Study --- p.6-8 / Chapter 1.2.1.3 --- Symptoms and Syndrome of Insomnia --- p.9-10 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Cost of Insomnia --- p.10-11 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- The Common Causes of Insomnia --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Insomnia --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Treatments of Insomnia --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- Confounding Factors of Insomnia --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Age, Education and Body Mass Effect on Sleep Pattern / Chapter 2.1 --- Age --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- Education --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3 --- Body Mass --- p.17 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Mood, Pain, Sleep Hygiene, Drug, Caffeine and Alcohol Effect on Sleep Pattern / Chapter 3.1 --- Mood --- p.18 / Chapter 3.2 --- Pain --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3 --- Sleep Hygiene --- p.18 / Chapter 3.4 --- Drug --- p.20 / Chapter 3.5 --- Caffeine --- p.20 / Chapter 3.6 --- Alcohol --- p.20 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Nutrient Components / Chapter 4.1 --- Macro-nutrient --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Carbohydrate --- p.21-22 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Fatty Acid --- p.22-23 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Protein --- p.23-24 / Chapter 4.2 --- Micro-nutrient --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Vitamin B₁ (Thiamine) --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Vitamin B₂ (Riboflavin) and Vitamin B₃ (Niacin) --- p.24-25 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Vitamin B₆ (Pyridoxine) --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Vitamin B₁₂ (Cobalamin, Folate) --- p.25-26 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Vitamin A and Vitamin D --- p.26-27 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Choline and Phosphatidylcholine (Lecithin) --- p.27-28 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Vitamin E and Vitamin C --- p.30 / Chapter 4.2.8 --- Iron --- p.30 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- Nutrient Components and Insomnia / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.32 / Chapter 5.2 --- Social Perspective of Insomnia and Nutrients --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3 --- Biochemical Perspective of Insomnia and Nutrients --- p.33-34 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- Material and Method / Chapter 6.1 --- Sampling Method --- p.35 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Background --- p.35 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Method --- p.35 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Population --- p.35 / Chapter 6.1.4 --- Questionnaire --- p.36 / Chapter 6.1.5 --- Food Diary --- p.36 / Chapter 6.2 --- Participant Recruitment Criteria --- p.38 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Major Inclusion Criteria for This Study --- p.38 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Major Exclusion Criteria for This Study --- p.38 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Ethical Considerations --- p.38 / Chapter 6.3 --- Statistic Analysis --- p.39 / Chapter 6.4 --- Quality Assessment and Data Extraction --- p.39 / Chapter 6.5 --- Hypothesis --- p.40 / Chapter Chapter 7: --- Results / Chapter 7.1 --- Demographic Data --- p.41 / Chapter 7.2 --- Overall Insomnia --- p.43 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Difficult Initiating Sleep (DIS) --- p.52 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Difficulty Maintaining Sleep (DMS) --- p.52 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Early Morning Awakening (EMA) --- p.61 / Chapter 7.2.4 --- Insomnia Syndrome --- p.61 / Chapter Chapter 8: --- Discussion and Limitation / Chapter 8.1 --- Age and Insomnia --- p.71 / Chapter 8.2 --- Alcohol and Insomnia --- p.72 / Chapter 8.3 --- Caffeine and Insomnia --- p.72 / Chapter 8.4 --- Carbohydrate and Insomnia --- p.72-73 / Chapter 8.5 --- Vitamin E and Insomnia --- p.73 / Chapter 8.6 --- Vitamin A and Insomnia --- p.74 / Chapter 8.7 --- Vitamin D and Insomnia --- p.74 / Chapter 8.8 --- Saturated Fat and Insomnia --- p.75 / Chapter 8.9 --- Summary --- p.76 / Chapter Chapter 9: --- Limitation and Implications / Chapter 9.1 --- Limitation of This Study --- p.77 / Chapter 9.2 --- Implication to Further Study --- p.77-78 / Chapter 9.3 --- Implication to Clinical Intervention --- p.78-79 / Chapter Chapter 10: --- Executive Summary --- p.80-81 / Bibliography --- p.82-90

Background: Hispanics account for more than half of the total United States (US) population growth between 2000 and 2010. To gain a comprehensive understanding of a predominantly Hispanic urban community in Northern Manhattan, the aims of this cross-sectional observational study were: (1) to characterize the actual and perceived neighborhood food environment in Northern Manhattan, (2) to understand the relationship between the actual and perceived neighborhood food environment, sociodemographic characteristics and the likelihood of consuming five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day, and (3) to describe the contribution of participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and health behavior to their health outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was undertaken as part of the larger Washington Heights/Inwood Informatics Infrastructure for Comparative Effectiveness Research (WICER) project. English or Spanish-speaking Hispanic participants (n=4,019) 18 years and older living in Northern Manhattan’s five ZIP codes were recruited and interviewed by English-Spanish bilingual community health workers. Food outlets selling fruits and vegetables were identified using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) definitions obtained from the ReferenceUSA’s national business database. The neighborhood food environment was characterized by integrating the geocoded addresses of WICER study participants with external geographic-level data on food outlets present in the participants’ respective 0.25-mile and 0.5-mile residential radii. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions. Results: The food outlet types that sell fruit and vegetable in Northern Manhattan include small and medium/large size Supermarket/Grocery store, Meat Market, and Fruit and Vegetable Market. The majority of these food outlets (91.5%) are single location stores that have a smaller store space. The presence of Fruit and Vegetable Markets (2+ Stores in 0.25-mile: OR=1.59, p = 0.003; 1 Store in 0.5-mile: OR=2.28, p = 0.008; 2+ Stores in 0.5-mile: OR=3.10, p = 0.00) significantly increase the odds of participant’s perception that a large selection of fresh fruits and vegetables is available in their neighborhood. The presence of Fruit and Vegetable Markets (2+ Stores in 0.25-mile: OR=1.51, p = 0.003; 1 Store in 0.5-mile: OR=2.25, p = 0.004; 2+ Stores in 0.5-mile: OR=3.31, p = 0.00) as well as the presence of medium/large size Supermarket/Grocery in 0.25-mile (OR=1.05, p = 0.013) significantly increase the odds of participant’s perception that the fresh fruits and vegetables in their neighborhood are of high quality whereas the presence of Meat Market in the participant’s 0.25-mile (OR=0.74, p = 0.002) significantly lower the odds. The presence of Fruit and Vegetable Markets (1 Store in 0.25-mile: OR=1.23, p = 0.047; 2+ Stores in 0.25-mile: OR=1.37, p = 0.020; 2+ Stores in 0.5-mile: OR=1.94, p = 0.018) as well as the presence of medium/large size Supermarket/Grocery (0.25-mile: OR=1.05, p = 0.020; 0.5-mile: OR=1.05, p = 0.018) significantly increase the odds of participant’s perception that a large selection of low-fat products is available in their neighborhood whereas the presence of Meat Market in the participant’s 0.25-mile (OR=0.83, p = 0.042) significantly lowers the odds. Variables that significantly increase the participants’ odds of consuming five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day include having more than a high school education (0.25-mile and 0.5-mile models: OR=1.62, p = 0.004) and being foreign-born (0.25-mile model: Foreign-born in Dominican Republic: OR=1.77, p = 0.032; Foreign-born outside of the United States or the Dominican Republic: OR=2.44, p = 0.007; 0.5-mile model: Foreign-born in the Dominican Republic: OR=1.73, p = 0.040; Foreign-born outside of the United States or the Dominican Republic: OR=2.48, p = 0.006). In contrast, the participants’ perception that a large selection of fresh fruits and vegetables is available in their neighborhood (0.25-mile model: OR=0.63, p = 0.011; 0.5-mile model: OR=0.64, p = 0.016) and the presence of Fruit and Vegetable Market in their 0.5-mile radius (1 Store: OR=0.32, p = 0.006; 2+ Stores: OR=0.38, p = 0.009) significantly lower the odds. Variables that significantly increase the odds of body mass index (BMI) in the overweight range were age (OR=1.02, p = 0.00), being foreign-born outside of the United States or the Dominican Republic (OR=1.76, p = 0.006), self-reported diabetes (OR=1.37, p = 0.026), and perceived weight as overweight (OR=4.46, p = 0.00) whereas being female (OR=0.67, p = 0.00) significantly lowers the odds. Variables that significantly increase the odds of BMI in the obese range were age (OR=1.02, p = 0.00), self-reported diabetes (OR=1.78, p = 0.00), and perceived weight as overweight (OR=19.39, p = 0.00) whereas having more than a high school education (OR=0.72, p = 0.021) significantly lowers the odds. Variables that significantly increase the odds of hypertension were age (OR = 1.04, p = 0.00) and self-reported diabetes (OR = 1.57, p = 0.00) whereas being female (OR = 0.72, p = 0.00) significantly lowers the odds. Education (>High School) significantly increases the odds (OR=1.43, p = 0.00) of self-report of good health. In contrast, variables that significantly lower the odds were age (OR=0.98, p = 0.00), being female (OR=0.60, p = 0.00), higher fruit and vegetable consumption (OR=0.66, p = 0.007), self-reported diabetes (OR=0.51, p = 0.00), and obesity (OR=0.64, p = 0.00). Variables that significantly increase the odds of self-report of good health include having more than a high school education (OR = 1.43, p = 0.00) whereas age (OR = 0.98, p = 0.00), female gender (OR = 0.60, p = 0.00), higher fruit and vegetable consumption (OR = 0.66, p = 0.007), self-reported diabetes (OR = 0.51, p = 0.00), and obesity (OR = 0.64, p = 0.00) significantly lower the odds. Conclusion: This study contributed to our understanding of the relationships among neighborhood food environment, health behaviors, and health outcomes in a predominantly Hispanic underserved urban community in New York City. While most findings were similar to those reported in the literature, our findings related to the relationship between participants’ perceived neighborhood food environment and actual healthy food access and fruit and vegetable consumption were in contrast to other studies in that increased perceived availability and actual availability lowered the odds of consuming five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day. This surprising finding merits additional qualitative and quantitative research to examine the complex relationships among perceived access, availability, and consumption of healthy foods as well as improved measures of fruit and vegetable consumption.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:40:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moura_esb_dr_arafcf.pdf: 681148 bytes, checksum: 3e07cf6c85666badc39518dc37939631 (MD5) / No Brasil, assim como no mundo todo, as doenças crônicas metabólicas vem crescendo progressivamente com a transição epidemiológica, sendo responsáveis pela redução da qualidade e da expectativa de vida da população. A alimentação e o estilo de vida estão entre fatores comportamentais que podem ser modificados com vistas no controle dessas doenças. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar quantitativamente e qualitativamente os resultados de um programa de educação alimentar e nutricional associado à prática de atividade física com mulheres portadoras de doenças crônicas metabólicas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde situada em município de pequeno porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Para esse fim, 19 mulheres na faixa etária entre 37 e 60 anos, foram acompanhadas num programa educativo em alimentação e nutrição associado à prática de atividade física, com duração de seis meses, fundamentado na teoria educacional freiriana, com frequência de reuniões semanais e prática de atividade física duas vezes na semana. Para a avaliação foram utilizadas ferramentas de análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, de composição corporal, exames bioquímicos, avaliação nos níveis pressóricos, de consumo alimentar (recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas e questionário de frequência de compra), bem como foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, seguidas da análise e categorização dos conteúdos que foram confrontadas com a literatura pertinente. Todas as variáveis de análise foram comparados no pré e pós-intervenção. A maior parte das mulheres se caracterizaram como donas de casa, das quais 58% permaneceram até o final de seis meses. Foi identificado Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) médio de 28,84 Kg/m2 e de 36,5 Kg/m2 entre participantes e... / In Brazil as in worldwide, chronic metabolic diseases have progressively increased with epidemiologic transition, and caused a reduction in quality and expectancy of life of population. With the purpose of controlling such diseases, changes in behavioral factors, including food and lifestyle, can be made. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the results from a food and nutrition education program associated with physical exercise in women with metabolic chronic diseases at a primary health care unit in a small city in the state of Sao Paulo. Nineteen women between 37 and 60 years old were followed up during a food and nutrition education program based on Freire’s educational theory, consisting of weekly meetings and physical exercises twice a week. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used for analyses. Anthropometric and biochemical data, body composition, blood pressure and food consumption (by 24 hour food recall and frequency questionnaire of food purchasing) were collected. Also, semi-structured interviews followed by content analyses and classification accordingly with pertinent literature were performed. All variables in the end of intervention were compared to pre-interventional values. Most women were housewife, and 58% of participants adhered to the whole 6-month program. Before the intervention, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of adherent participants and those that dropped out were 28.84 Kg/m2 and 35.50 Kg/m2 respectively. After the intervention, participants had a significant reduction (p<0.01) in BMI (27.99 Kg/m2) and fat mass percentage (p<0.01), and 36.5% of adherent patients had a reduction equal or greater than 5% in body weight. No difference in biochemical variables or blood pressure was observed after the intervention compared to... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Thesis (Ph.D (Nutrition)) --University of Limpopo, 2009 / AIM: This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of non-pregnant women of childbearing age residing in a rural area of Limpopo Province, South Africa, and the effect of fortification of staple foods on their folate and iron status. The following objectives were carried out:  To assess the socio-demographic status and maternity history of non-pregnant rural women of childbearing age.  To determine the following anthropometric measurements; body weight, height, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, and waist hip ratio of women of childbearing age.  To assess dietary intake of non-pregnant rural women of childbearing age using 24-hour recall and quantitative food frequency questionnaires prior to fortification of foods.  To determine folate status of non-pregnant rural women of childbearing age by levels of serum and red blood cell folate, and assessing vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels before and after fortification of foods.  To determine iron status of non-pregnant rural women of childbearing age by full blood count, serum ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation and C–reactive protein before and after fortification of foods.  To determine albumin and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST and GGT) of women of childbearing age before and after fortification.  To assess mycotoxins (i.e. fumonisins) in morogo samples collected randomly among participants from the study area. / the University of Limpopo Research Department,and the National Research Foundation

Thesis ( M.Dev.)) -- University of Limpopo, 2011 / Refer to document

Orientador: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira / Coorientador: Carla Maria Vieira / Banca: Rita de Cássia Bertolo Martins / Banca: Anderson Marliere Navarro / Banca: Maria Iolanda Monteiro / Banca: Luiza Cristina Godim Domingues Dias / Resumo: No Brasil, assim como no mundo todo, as doenças crônicas metabólicas vem crescendo progressivamente com a transição epidemiológica, sendo responsáveis pela redução da qualidade e da expectativa de vida da população. A alimentação e o estilo de vida estão entre fatores comportamentais que podem ser modificados com vistas no controle dessas doenças. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar quantitativamente e qualitativamente os resultados de um programa de educação alimentar e nutricional associado à prática de atividade física com mulheres portadoras de doenças crônicas metabólicas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde situada em município de pequeno porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Para esse fim, 19 mulheres na faixa etária entre 37 e 60 anos, foram acompanhadas num programa educativo em alimentação e nutrição associado à prática de atividade física, com duração de seis meses, fundamentado na teoria educacional freiriana, com frequência de reuniões semanais e prática de atividade física duas vezes na semana. Para a avaliação foram utilizadas ferramentas de análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, de composição corporal, exames bioquímicos, avaliação nos níveis pressóricos, de consumo alimentar (recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas e questionário de frequência de compra), bem como foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, seguidas da análise e categorização dos conteúdos que foram confrontadas com a literatura pertinente. Todas as variáveis de análise foram comparados no pré e pós-intervenção. A maior parte das mulheres se caracterizaram como donas de casa, das quais 58% permaneceram até o final de seis meses. Foi identificado Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) médio de 28,84 Kg/m2 e de 36,5 Kg/m2 entre participantes e... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In Brazil as in worldwide, chronic metabolic diseases have progressively increased with epidemiologic transition, and caused a reduction in quality and expectancy of life of population. With the purpose of controlling such diseases, changes in behavioral factors, including food and lifestyle, can be made. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the results from a food and nutrition education program associated with physical exercise in women with metabolic chronic diseases at a primary health care unit in a small city in the state of Sao Paulo. Nineteen women between 37 and 60 years old were followed up during a food and nutrition education program based on Freire's educational theory, consisting of weekly meetings and physical exercises twice a week. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used for analyses. Anthropometric and biochemical data, body composition, blood pressure and food consumption (by 24 hour food recall and frequency questionnaire of food purchasing) were collected. Also, semi-structured interviews followed by content analyses and classification accordingly with pertinent literature were performed. All variables in the end of intervention were compared to pre-interventional values. Most women were housewife, and 58% of participants adhered to the whole 6-month program. Before the intervention, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of adherent participants and those that dropped out were 28.84 Kg/m2 and 35.50 Kg/m2 respectively. After the intervention, participants had a significant reduction (p<0.01) in BMI (27.99 Kg/m2) and fat mass percentage (p<0.01), and 36.5% of adherent patients had a reduction equal or greater than 5% in body weight. No difference in biochemical variables or blood pressure was observed after the intervention compared to... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 228-257). Aims to determine the impact of maternal undernutrition during late gestation and during the periconceptional and gestational periods on fetal growth, fetal blood pressure and the fetal hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis in the sheep.

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