The purpose of this study was to identify and describe agriculture teachers on factors related to career retention and to explore the relationships between agriculture teachers? work engagement, work-life balance, occupational commitment, and personal and career factors as related to the decision to remain in the teaching profession. The target population for this study was defined as experienced agricultural educators who had completed a minimum of four years of teaching experience, who were currently employed in a secondary agricultural education classroom for the 2009-2010 school calendar. The accessible population consisted of those experienced agricultural educators in the southern region of the United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. The study sought responses from a stratified random sample of those teachers to ensure geographical and gender representation equivalent that of the target population. This study employed descriptive-correlational research procedures. The instrument was constructed utilizing portions of the four studies to measure the variables of interest. Independent samples t-tests revealed there were no statistical differences between genders on any responses. A regression analysis revealed a 25% variance in occupation commitment attributed to work-life balance and work engagement. Note: This student obtained a joint doctoral degree from Texas A&M University and Texas Tech.

Organizational citizenship behaviors are extra-role behaviors that are costless to the organizations / however they play important roles in filling the gaps that are not prescribed in job descriptions or contracts of the employees. Organizational citizenship behaviors are important for lubricated functioning of the organizations. Although there are quite a number of studies on organizational citizenship behaviors, previous research has not considered identity salience among their antecedents. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity salience and organizational citizenship behaviors. The second purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of occupational commitment on the relationship between identity salience and organizational citizenship behaviors. A survey was conducted at the project groups of seven companies and 13 non-profit organizations, each of which has multinational work-force. The number of the participants was 242. After the outlier analyses, 204 cases were left for further study. Regression analyses were performed on the data to test the relations of the variables. In line with the expectations, saliences of gender, national, and occupation identities negatively predicted several dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviors. Contrary to the expectations, occupational commitment did not moderate the relation between identity salience and organizational citizenship behaviors.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect work environment has on occupational commitment and intent to leave the profession for bedside registered nurses. Subscales of autonomy, control over the practice setting, nurse-physician relationship, and organizational support were incorporated into the analysis to determine which aspect of work environment most directly effects occupational commitment and intent to leave the profession. The research was undertaken in order to help administrators determine the ways in which work environment can be improved upon in order to retain bedside registered nurses in the profession. An explanatory cross sectional survey was distributed to 259 direct care bedside registered nurses employed at a rural, system affiliated hospital in Central Florida. Human subject protection was assured through the University of Central Florida Institutional Review Board. A 77 item questionnaire containing 9 demographic questions, 57 questions from the Nursing Work Index- Revised (NWI-R), 8 questions from Blau's occupational commitment scale, and 3 questions from Blau's intent to leave scale was distributed to all direct care nurses. Subjects were also given the opportunity to complete 3 short answer questions. A 32.8 percent response rate was achieved for a total of 85 complete and usable surveys. Data analysis showed that the work environment is positively related to occupational commitment and negatively related to intent to leave. In addition each of the four subscales (autonomy, control over the practice setting, relationship with physicians, and organizational support) were also positively related to occupational commitment and negatively related to intent to leave the profession. Implications for organizations, public policy and future research are discussed.

Le but de notre recherche est d’étudier l’influence de la réalisation des promesses relatives aux conditions d’emploi et de la réalisation des attentes relatives aux conditions d’exercice de la profession sur l’engagement organisationnel et l’engagement de carrière des PRH. Notre étude est empirique et basée sur une enquête réalisée auprès de 636 PRH exerçant au Québec. Notre étude repose sur la théorie du contrat psychologique qui soutient que l’entente mutuelle et réciproque entre l’employeur et l’employé a des répercussions sur les comportements des travailleurs dont l’engagement organisationnel. Nous trouvons un lien intéressant à établir entre la réalisation des promesses liées aux conditions d’emploi et la réalisation des attentes relatives aux conditions d’exercice de la profession. Nos résultats ont révélé que la réalisation par l’employeur des promesses liées aux conditions d’emploi va affecter l’engagement organisationnel et l’engagement de carrière. Plus particulièrement la réalisation des promesses en lien avec le contenu de l’emploi et l’atmosphère sociale influence l’engagement organisationnel affectif tandis que la réalisation des promesses liées au développement externe influence l’engagement de carrière relatif aux alternatives limitées. Nos résultats montrent aussi que les attentes relatives aux conditions d’exercice de la profession influencent l’engagement organisationnel et l’engagement de carrière. Notamment la réalisation des attentes relatives au rôle de partenaire d’affaire influence l’engagement organisationnel affectif. Bref, la théorie du contrat psychologique offre un cadre explicatif intéressant pour comprendre la dualité de l’attachement des professionnels envers leur profession et envers l’organisation qui les emploie. / The purpose of our research is to study the influence of the fulfillment of the employer’s promises in regard the employment conditions and the fulfillment of the employees’ expectations related to their practices roles on the organizational commitment as well as on the occupational commitment. Our study is empirical and based on a survey conducted among 636 HRP practicing in Quebec. Our study uses the theoretical framework of the psychological contract suggesting the reciprocity of the mutual agreement between the employer and the employee has an impact on the workers’ behaviours including the organizational commitment. We are finding an interesting link to establish between the fulfilment of the promises related to the employment conditions and the expectations related to the professional roles. Our findings reveal that fulfilment of the promises made by the employer in regard to the employment conditions will affect the organizational commitment and the occupational commitment. In particular, the fulfilment of the promises link to the work content and the social atmosphere will influence the affective commitment, whereas keeping promises related to external development has an impact on limited alternatives. Also, the fulfilment of the expectations associated to the professional roles will influence the organisational commitment and the occupational commitment. Particularly, the fulfilment of expectations related to business partner role has an influence on affective commitment.

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M. Tech. (Human Resource Management, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / The primary objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived organisational support, frustration with work and occupational commitment among public secondary school educators in the Sedibeng West District. The social exchange theory, expectancy theory and side-bet theory constituted the bedrock in this study. In order to achieve the primary objective, a quantitative research approach was adopted, and a descriptive survey research design was utilised. The reliability of the measuring instrument was confirmed satisfactory, and thereafter the questionnaires were self-administered to three hundred and seventy-three educators, HODs, deputy principals and principals at nine public secondary schools using a convenience sampling technique. Two hundred and forty questionnaires were retrieved, constituting 64.3 percent response rate, and the data obtained was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 and the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) 25.0 for statistical analysis. The statistical analysis performed include descriptive statistics using frequencies, mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics was utilised to determine the relationship between the two factors of perceived organisational support, frustration with work and occupational commitment. The inferential statistical methods used include Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis and structural equation modelling. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to confirm the factor structure of the constructs in the study, and to determine if the data fit the model. Six model fit indices were used to assess the measurement and structural model fit assessments, which include Chi-square value over degree of freedom (χ2/df), Goodness-of-fit index (GFI), Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), Norm fit index (NFI), Tucker Lewis index (TLI) and Comparative fit index (CFI). The results of the model fit indices indicated a satisfactory fit of the data with the measurement and structural models. Thereafter, path analysis was performed on the research model to measure the path coefficients in the research model. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test the hypotheses and the results revealed that there was a significant negative relationship between the job-related factor and frustration with work; a significant negative relationship between the relationship factor and frustration with work; a significant negative relationship between frustration with work and occupational commitment; a significant positive relationship between the job-related factor and occupational commitment; and a non-significant positive relationship between the relationship factor and occupational commitment. The correlation analysis also showed that there was a moderately significant negative correlation between the job-related factor and frustration with work; a moderately significant negative correlation between the relationship factor and frustration with work; a strong positive correlation between frustration with work and occupational commitment; a moderately significant positive correlation between the job-related factor and occupational commitment; and a moderately significant positive correlation between the relationship factor and occupational commitment. The reliability of the measuring instrument in the main study was tested using Cronbach alpha coefficient and composite reliability, while the validity tests were confirmed using face validity, content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, predictive validity and discriminant validity. Based on the findings, recommendations were proposed to enhance the perception of organisational support among educators, HODs, deputy principals and principals; reduce the level of frustration with work; and foster increased level of commitment to the teaching profession.