Using data from the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97), I examine the impact of birth order on occupational outcomes within the managerial/professional field. I first assess the impact of birth order within the entire managerial/professional field in the United States and then decompose the field into male-dominated, female-dominated, and mixed gender occupations to provide a specific and nuanced analysis of birth order effects within the field. Finally, I also isolate the impact of birth order specifically within the STEM managerial/professional field, given recent and rising interest in STEM occupations. In general, I find limited evidence that birth order has a significant effect across the entire managerial/professional field, male-dominated, female-dominated, and STEM managerial/professional occupations and that first born children are more likely to be in managerial/professional occupations than later born children. However, on average, these effects disappear as additional demographic, education and family characteristic related controls are added.

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Women and men experience work differently owing to the gendered nature of work and workplaces, but there is limited insight into whether language and gender intersect to shape employment outcomes. This thesis project examines full-time employment in Ottawa-Gatineau to determine whether being French, English, or bilingual meaningfully influences employment status in the federal public service in terms of occupational attainment and employment income. A series of descriptive and inferential statistical analyses using the 2016 Canadian census are used to examine whether commuting patterns, occupational attainment, and annual employment income are significantly different across industrial sectors and between women and men, as well as between official language communities. The analysis reveals important differences in residential distribution between Anglophones and Francophones working in the federal public service as well as differences in commuting times, especially to suburban office locations. There are also important differences in occupational attainment and income attainment between women and men across official language communities, with women, especially francophone women, being more likely to occupy relatively low-pay administrative jobs in the federal public service compared to men or anglophone and bilingual women. In many ways, bilingualism in the federal public service is made real by the work of francophone women, although they are concentrated in some of the least-well paid occupations and stand to have ever more time consuming commutes as jobs are moved to suburban locations in Ottawa.