Graduation date: 1994

Graduation date: 1992

Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. / Bibliography: leaves 121-144. / xiii, 150 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This study investigates the site of biosynthesis of flavour compounds in the grapevine. Most of the secondary metabolites, including flavour compounds, are glycosylated and stored in plant tissues as glycosides. The chemical properties of these compounds, especially their water solubility, suggests that glycosides might be forms of translocated secondary metabolites in plants. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Horticulture, Viticulture and Oenology, 1996?

Thesis (M.Sc. (Hons)) -- University of Western Sydney, 2004. / "This thesis was submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Hons) in the Centre for Advanced Food Research, University of Western Sydney, June 2004" Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2005. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-69). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2017-03-21T17:13:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 501683 bytes, checksum: 927975262b78b9e277bbfec0dfb54d77 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T17:13:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 501683 bytes, checksum: 927975262b78b9e277bbfec0dfb54d77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-07-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A poliginia dentro de uma colônia de inseto social pode ser primária ou secundária. A poliginia primária ocorre quando várias rainhas se juntam para iniciar uma nova colônia. Também, colônias monogínicas podem aceitar novas rainhas fecundadas, tornando-se assim poligínicas secundariamente. A poliginia diminui o grau de parentesco entre as operárias companheiras de ninho e, com isso, os benefícios de se ajudar indivíduos mais próximos geneticamente também se reduzem. Estudos acerca do reconhecimento entre companheiras de ninho e da adoção de rainhas são imprescindíveis para esclarecer como o número de rainhas é regulado, bem como as causas da variação nesse número. Neste trabalho, escolheu-se como objeto de estudo Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans Santschi, 1925, uma subespécie de formiga cortadeira bastante comum na região de Viçosa, MG. Numa mesma região são encontradas colônias monogínicas e poligínicas dessa subespécie, o que a torna ideal em estudos dos processos que regulam o número de rainhas em colônias de Formicidae. Estudos conduzidos em laboratório mostraram que colônias monogínicas de Ac. subterraneus molestans podem se tornar poligínicas pelo mecanismo de adoção de rainhas de outras colônias. Operárias da maioria das colônias estudadas não foram capazes de discriminar entre rainhas de outras colônias da sua própria. A ausência de comportamento discriminatório também foi verificada quando se realizaram encontros de operárias de diferentes colônias. Análises químicas mostraram que não existem diferenças qualitativas no perfil químico cuticular das colônias, quer sejam elas monogínicas ou poligínicas. Finalmente, avaliou-se a possibilidade de haver sobrevivência diferencial entre operárias de colônias poligínicas e monogínicas, quando essas eram mantidas em contato com o lixo da própria colônia. Os testes de sobrevivência mostraram que operárias dos dois tipos de colônia morriam a taxas estatisticamente iguais. Vantagens da poliginia e da ausência de comportamento discriminatório são discutidas nesta dissertação. / Polygyny within a colony of social insects can be primary or secondary. Primary polygyny may occur when several queens jointly initiate a new colony. Monogynous colonies can also accept newly mated queens and become secondarily polygynous. Polygyny reduces kinship among nestmate workers and, consequently, reduces the benefits of helping genetically close individuals. Studies on nestmate recognition and on queen adoption are essential to elucidate how the number of queens is regulated, as well as the causes of the variation in this number. In this research, Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans Santschi, 1925 was chosen because it is a very common leaf-cutting ant in the region of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State where the Federal University of Viçosa is located. Additionally in this region monogynous and polygynous colonies of this subspecies occur naturally, which makes them ideal for studying regulation in queen number in Formicidae. Laboratory studies demonstrated that monogynous colonies of Ac. subterraneus molestans may become polygynous by the mechanism of queen adoption from other colonies. Workers of most of the studied colonies were not able to discriminate among queens from other colonies and their own. The lack of discriminatory behavior was also observed when encounters from different colonies were induced. Chemical analyzes showed no qualitative differences in the cuticular chemical profile of either polygynous or monogynous colonies. Finally, the possibility of differential survival among workers from these colonies when maintained in contact with colony refuse was evaluated. Survival tests revealed that workers from either monogynous or polygynous colonies died at equal rates in contact with refuse. Advantages of polygynous and of the lack of discriminatory behavior among workers are discussed in this thesis.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Florianópolis, 2014. / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-29T21:01:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 333144.pdf: 3961375 bytes, checksum: afb37d075999012f802692c5aa894ee2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Neste trabalho, faz-se uma análise comparativa do desempenho dos modelos de dispersão AERMOD e SYMOS?97 na simulação de compostos odorantes na atmosfera. Apesar de haver uma vasta quantidade de modelos de dispersão atmosférica descritos na literatura, há uma pequena quantidade de bases de dados que possibilitem a avaliação de resultados obtidos por modelos de dispersão simulando compostos odorantes. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é a realização de um estudo comparativo do desempenho dos modelos de dispersão AERMOD e SYMOS´97, para isto, serão utilizados os experimentos de dispersão de Uttenweiler. Ao longo deste trabalho, buscou-se utilizar as melhores configurações do AERMOD para este caso específico. As medições de um anemômetro sônico foram utilizadas e o efeito downwash de obstáculos nas vizinhanças da chaminé de um celeiro de suínos foi considerado. Utilizou-se um fator pico-média a fim de ajustar o modelo à predição de concentrações máximas. A comparação das concentrações modeladas e observadas permitiu a determinação de uma razão pico média que ajustasse os dados modelados aos observados. Para este experimento, o modelo AERMOD tendeu a subestimar as concentrações para a razão pico-média 2,2 apresentando fator de 2 de 23,1%, enquanto que o modelo SYMOS?97 alcançou fator de 2 de 57,7% para a razão pico-média 2,2. Assim, testou-se a utilização de uma razão pico-média maior, igual a 6,6, que permitiu ao modelo alcançar um fator de 2 igual a 53,8%. Após alguns ajustes, o modelo AERMOD superou o desempenho de modelos lagrangeanos para o experimento de Uttenweiler. A detecção do padrão de subestimação do AERMOD para a razão pico-média 2,2 propiciou o melhoramento dos resultados obtidos nas simulações. Através do estudo comparativo realizado neste trabalho, pretende-se contribuir para a ampliação da compreensão da dispersão de compostos odorantes na atmosfera.<br> / Abstract : In this work we make a comparative analysis of the performance of the AERMOD and SYMOS?97 dispersion models for simulating the dispersion of odorous compounds in the atmosphere. Although there are a large amount of air dispersion models in literature, there are few data bases that allow the assessment of results obtained by the dispersion simulation of odorous compounds. The goal of this work is to make a comparative study of the dispersion models AERMOD and SYMOS´97, for this, the Uttenweiler dispersion experiments will be used. Along this comparison we have tried to use AERMOD´s best configurations for this particular case. The measurements of an ultrasonic anemometer were used and the building downwash effect of the obstacles located in the stack vicinity of the pig farm were considered. We also used a peak-to-mean concentration approach to adjust the model to predict peak concentrations. The comparison of observed and modeled concentrations demonstrated allowed the detection of error patterns. The AERMOD model tends to under predict the concentrations for this experiment presenting a factor of two of 23.1% for peak-to-mean ratio of 2,2, while SYMOS?97 reaches 57.7% for the same index and ratio. Thus, the use of a greater peak-to-mean ratio equal to 6.6 was tested, allowing the model to reach a factor of two of 53.8%. After some adjustments, the AERMOD model was able to outperform Lagrangian models while simulating the Uttenweiler dispersion experiments. The detection of the AERMOD?s under predicting pattern for the peak-to-mean ratio of 2,2 allowed the improvement of its results. Through this work we intend to contribute to the better understanding of the dispersion modeling of odorous compounds in the atmosphere.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T22:53:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9972_Dissertação Willian Lemker Andreão.pdf: 6578082 bytes, checksum: 469ff2373f4b8a354f53cded6154aa0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / O processo de tratamento de efluentes domésticos leva à formação de compostos odorantes, como o sulfeto de hidrogênio (H2S), que pode causar incômodo e impactos à saúde dos residentes próximos. A câmara de fluxo dinâmica é largamente utilizada para estimar a emissão dos gases odorantes a partir de superfícies líquidas quiescentes, presentes nas estações de tratamento de esgoto. A geometria da câmara deve promover uma completa mistura do gás volatilizado em seu interior para que a emissão medida seja independente do ponto de amostragem. Um dispositivo auxiliar, como um micro ventilador, é comumente utilizado para esse fim. O presente estudo investigou a influência do escoamento no interior da câmara sobre o transporte de H2S e sua taxa de emissão. A modelagem matemática desses fenômenos foi efetuada por meio da solução numérica das equações de transporte considerando o escoamento turbulento, utilizando o código ANSYS-CFX 14.5. Os resultados mostram que uma câmara de fluxo com oito entradas de ar promove uma distribuição mais homogênea da concentração, porém a velocidade de fricção na interface (0,007 m s-1) não é suficiente para promover um varrimento adequado da interface, onde são encontrados valores elevados de concentração. Já na configuração padrão (modelo US EPA), com quatro entradas, o fluxo de ar limpo pode atingir a sonda de amostragem, afetando o valor medido de concentração. Se micro ventiladores são utilizados, a turbulência criada dentro da câmara e a velocidade de fricção são significativamente maiores. A concentração rapidamente atinge o estado estacionário dentro da câmara (1 a 2 min) e a taxa de emissão final é, em média, 25,3% maior com o uso dos micro ventiladores. Se o objetivo do uso da câmara é representar as condições ambientais que seriam encontradas em campo, é recomendado o uso de micro ventiladores.

With population growing every year, more and more people are looking for places to live. This can lead to construction of houses near and around landfills. As homes get closer to landfills, the odors these landfills produce become more of a problem, and lead to an increase in odor complaints. Modeling these odors and recommending odor buffer distances will help determine limits on how close to landfills new homes should be allowed. This should help reduce future odor complaints. To solve this problem one must accurately estimate odorous gas emissions from the landfill. Often odors can be indicated by methane emissions. A new technique using hundreds of ambient VOC concentrations, which are taken from landfills on a quarterly basis, was used to invert and solve the Gaussian dispersion equation for methane emissions. In this technique, Voronoi diagram theory was used to automatically locate numerous point sources for optimal positioning relative to receptors. The newly solved methane emission rates can now be input into a dispersion model, and the resulting methane concentrations used as surrogates for odors around the landfill. One of the most important steps in the analysis is to determine which model is best to use for odor modeling. There are many considerations that go into this decision, such as how much time it takes to run the model, how accurate the model is, and how easy the model is to use. Two current models CALPUFF and AERMOD were compared. In the modeling, methane was used as a surrogate for the odors. Since landfills handle many different combinations of waste, the type of odor may vary from landfill to landfill. In this test case, H2S was assumed to be the main contributor to the odor emitted from the landfill, and the H2S-to-methane ratio was used to estimate downwind H2S concentrations from the modeled methane concentrations. Once an air dispersion model is selected, it can be used to model odors and to develop a graphical screening method to show where these odors are most likely to occur and how strong they will be. This can be used to determine how close to a landfill homes can be built without having significant odor impacts bothering these new residents. Also, this tool can be used for improving landfill gas management. Several example scenarios include the possibility of not enough soil cover placed on the waste, leaks from an aging collection system, or cracks in the collection piping created by the settling of waste.

Six odor-reducing commercial products were tested for their efficacy in reducing odors from dairy and swine wastes. A sensory panel method was utilized for odor evaluations, in which the panel played an important part. Comparisons between products were made for agitated and unagitated conditions and effect of storage time (three weeks in which experiments were performed). Cotton pieces tied to the mouth of the sample jars were useful in absorbing the odors. Odor-treated jars were observed and evaluated by panel members. The odors were rated on a discrete scale of 0-5, with '0' being no odor and '5' the highest odor level of dairy or swine waste. The products were analyzed for their effectiveness on dairy and swine wastes separately. The "General Linear Model" was used for data analyses, and all the products were compared for their effectiveness under each waste storage condition and elapsed storage time. Each product was able to reduce odors. For both dairy and swine wastes, one product stood out and was very effective, whereas another product was less successful. Unagitated storage conditions of swine waste favored the product performance. Unagitated storage conditions were also found to be better for most of the products; only two products were slightly better in effectiveness under agitated storage conditions. The effect of storage time on product-effectiveness for each product for both dairy and swine waste varied. Odor levels from unagitated swine waste was very low in the beginning, but became worse with increasing storage time. Dairy waste in unagitated conditions had slightly higher levels of odors in the beginning, but became a little less with increasing storage time. Under the conditions of this study, it can be recommended that: 1) P2 has a better chance in reducing odors, 2) in general, unagitated conditions favor the reduction in odor levels, and 3) dairy waste should be treated in the first few days following collection, whereas swine waste should be treated when it is old. Testing of these products in actual field conditions would provide stronger support for these findings. / Master of Science