Zugl.: Frankfurt (Main), Universiẗat, Diplomarbeit, 2004.

Thesis (M.S. in Joint Campaign Planning and Strategy)--Joint Forces Staff College, Joint Advanced Warfighting School, 2007. / Title from title screen; viewed on July 9, 2007. "1 April 2007." Electronic version of original print document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).

Thesis (M.S. in Joint Campaign Planning and Strategy)--Joint Forces Staff College, Joint Advanced Warfighting School, 2007. / Title from title screen; viewed on July 9, 2007. "17 May 2007." Electronic version of original print document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-67).

Thesis (M.S. in Joint Campaign Planning and Strategy)--Joint Forces Staff College, Joint Advanced Warfighting School, 2007. / "1 April 2007." "National Defense Univ Norfolk VA"--DTIC cover. AD-A468 774. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via the World Wide Web.

The development and use of thermal models is an integral part of the design process in existing buildings due for refurbishment. Energy predictions for existing buildings are often based on models which assume thermal property values of the building construction elements. However, once built, the actual thermal properties may differ significantly from their estimated values. Possible reasons include thermal bridging, material distortion and moisture content, sub-standard construction on-site and unavailability of construction details. The uncertainties can be reduced if the modelling process can also make use of operational measurements, such as the fuel use and internal temperatures, which have been recorded in the building during operation. To make use of operational data, performance-based models can be used. Performance-based models rely on measured data for the development of the model s architecture and for informing the estimation of the model parameters that would otherwise be based on the modeller s assumptions of the building s characteristics. One solution to the challenge of using performance-based models for existing buildings is to use the Lumped Parameter modelling approach. The Lumped Parameter modelling technique is often used for performance-based modelling of existing buildings due to the moderate knowledge of the building s physical properties required and the limited operational data needed for model training. This thesis investigates the potential of performance-based modelling techniques for existing UK domestic buildings, based on the Lumped Parameter thermal modelling technique, and the use of measured operational data to inform the model structure and parameters. Operational data have been collected in 20 homes as part of the REFIT project, an EPSRC-funded research project on Smart Meters and Smart Homes (REFIT, 2016). This thesis explores 11 houses from the REFIT dataset and, in particular, the temperature, gas and electricity measurements from the participating households, and develops whole-house and sub-system performance-based models using the Lumped Parameter technique. The suitability of simple performance-based Lumped Parameter models in representing typical UK domestic buildings using mainstream operational data such as temperatures and gas consumption measurements is explored. This thesis concludes on the adequacy of the operational data as measured. High correlations (>0.9) between whole-house average indoor temperatures and individual room air temperature measurements prove the use of averages adequate for representing the main rooms of the houses, whereas individual representation of the house s main rooms in use in the same model can prove challenging. A similar result is observed for whole-house radiator representation and the individual radiators. The relationships between the operational data is explored to inform the model structure and to identify collinearity and multi collinearity in the measurements. In terms of whole-house modelling, when using constraints for the parameter values during the model calibration to the measured data the resulting model parameters can be realistic and a good agreement to the measured data can be achieved (on average an RMSE of 1.03 for air temperature). The most significant parameters affecting the mean value of internal air temperatures are the external envelope resistance Re, the non-inertia elements (e.g. windows and doors) resistance, the window area for solar gains, boiler efficiency and the infiltration rate. The indoor air and internal element heat capacitance had the greatest impact on the swing in the internal air temperature (a 75% decrease in the capacitance value resulted in a 190.70% increase in the standard deviation value on average across the 11 houses). The building envelope heat capacitance and the envelope node positioning were the two parameters with the least impact on the model goodness of fit (a 75% decrease in capacitance and a value of 0.9 in envelope node positioning resulted in a 2.57% and 6.68% increase respectively in the RMSE on average across all 11 houses). Finally, the heating system representation using the Lumped Parameter model showed that the whole-house gas consumption data at the meter level, consisting of gas used for space heating as well as other purposes, is inadequate to drive the heating system model. A temperature threshold (e.g. of 1oC) indicating model overprediction can be used to remove the time-stamps of mixed use gas consumption from the model calibration. The heating system model can then be used to quantify gas consumption for space heating and non-space heating uses. In the 11 houses under study, 82.96% of the total gas consumption served for space heating, with 17.04% serving for other non-space heating purposes.

A new technique is evolved to give operator representation of certain polynomials.

Abstract The framing into demand driven operations is because of the operations research modelling approach. The modelling approach requires continuous regressors and an independent response factor. The demand as an operating factor is considered as independent response factor in relation to the continuous regressors. The method validation is made along several longitudinal case studies to cover local, global and international industrial operations. The examined operational scope is from continuous operations to one-off production. Concerning scheduling, these examined demand driven, industrial operations are considered as open and dynamic, flow shop or job-shop operations. The examined managerial scope is from local work management to global industrial operations management. The theoretical framework of this study is based on operations management, productivity and controllability engineering. The strategical target is to improve productivity. The operational target setting is based on linear goal programming, streamlined demand driven material flow and specified operating factors according to this study, Forrester effect diagnostics and replenishment models. The engineering of strategical target into exact operational schedule as a task target is hard to accomplish, because of the combinatorial dynamic job-shop problem. The purpose of this study is to simplify this managerial task. These study operating factors are the heart in constructing a Decision Support System for the examined operations, alongside the method’s product flow diagnostics. This operations management method consists of the operating factors, specified in this study and these specified factors’ use in constructing a Decision Support System, by engineering current operations management system. The construct consist two parts. Firstly, the exact operational target alignment along this method diagnostics and secondly, the control mechanism according to this operational linear target. The expected managerial benefit is in productivity improvement. The practical benefits are in savings in logistics costs and improvement in customer service, due to shorten lead time and exacting delivery.

Dans l’exercice de leur profession les pilotes doivent fréquemment faire face à des situations soudaines et inattendues, souvent potentiellement dangereuses. Ils sont formés pour les traiter efficacement mais cependant la brièveté du temps disponible avant que la situation ne dégénère, de l’ordre de quelques secondes, au plus la minute, fait que parfois la séquence cognitive perception-diagnostic-décision-action, peut être menée de façon incorrecte sous stress et aboutir à un incident grave ou même à un accident.A partir de l’analyse des comportements cognitifs élémentaires en situation critique dans cinq cas d’incidents et d’accidents, on arrive à déceler des dénominateurs communs aux réactions des pilotes, permettant l’explication des échecs constatés et l’établissement de recommandations. Le rôle primordial sous stress d’une fonction cognitive particulière associée à la mémoire à court terme est mis en lumière.Pour effectuer cette analyse il a été nécessaire de définir une modélisation dynamique du comportement cognitif des pilotes, où le facteur temps est explicité, permettant son étude dans des séquences très brèves de quelques secondes. Cette modélisation peut aussi s’appliquer à d’autres cas que ceux générant des accidents, par exemple à l’étude et à la définition des systèmes nécessitant une interface homme-système.La complexité et la particularité des actions opérationnelles dans des séquences très rapides où elles se combinent, a mené naturellement à effectuer les analyses en utilisant l’expertise de pilotes, suivant une méthode autorisant la validation des hypothèses retenues. / During the exercise of their profession, frequently pilots have to face sudden, unexpected, and often potentially dangerous, situations. They are trained to deal with these effectively, but the very short length of time available before the situation degenerates – in the order of a few seconds, a minute at most – means that the cognitive sequence of perception-diagnosis-decision-action can sometimes be carried out incorrectly due to stress and lead to a serious incident or even to an accident.An analysis of basic cognitive behaviour patterns during a critical situation in five cases of incidents and accidents, reveals common denominators within pilots’ reactions which make it possible to explain the failures observed and establish recommendations. The crucial role under stress played by a specific cognitive function associated with short-term memory is highlighted. In order to carry out this analysis it was necessary to create a dynamic model of the cognitive behaviour of pilots, bringing out the time factor, so as to make it possible to study very short sequences of a few seconds. This model can also be applied to cases other than those generating accidents, for instance to the studying and defining of systems requiring human-machine interface.The complexity and specificity of operational actions when combined into very rapid sequences led naturally to carrying out analyses making use of pilots’ expertise, according to a method which enabled validation of the hypotheses employed.

No description available.

<p> Energy loss was measured across a 3.0 inch hydrocyclone operating with and without an air core. </p> <p> The separational efficiency, as indicated by the (Dp)50 diameter, was measured as a function of feed concentration, feed flow rate and volume split. </p> <p> This (Dp)50 "cut size" was obtained from mass balances on the total solids and particle size distributions for the feed, overflow and underflow. </p> / Thesis / Master of Engineering (MEngr)