Studium chování opticky zachycených částic nám umožňuje porozumět základním fyzikálním jevům plynoucím z interakce světla a hmoty. Předkládaná práce podává vysvětlení zesílení tažné síly působící na opticky svázané částice ve strukturovaném světelném poli, tzv. tažném svazku. Ukazujeme, že pohyb dvou opticky svázaných objektů v tažném svazku je silně závislý na jejich vzájemné vzdálenosti a prostorové orientaci, což rozšiřuje možnosti manipulace hmoty pomocí světla. Následně se práce zaměřuje na levitaci opticky zachycených částic ve vakuu. Představujeme novou metodologii na charakterizaci vlastností slabě nelinearního Duffingova oscilátoru reprezentovaného opticky levitující částicí. Metoda je založena na průměrování trajektorií s určitou počáteční pozicí ve fázovém prostoru sestávajícím z polohy a rychlosti částice a poskytuje informaci o parametrech oscilátoru přímo ze zaznamenaného pohybu. Náš inovativní postup je srovnán s běžně užívanou metodou založenou na analýze spektrální hustoty polohy částice a za využití numerických simulací ukazujeme její použitelnost i v nízkých tlacích, kde nelinearita hraje významnou roli.

This paper contains a basic overview and description of optical lenses. It introduces different types of optical lenses and shows how they influence the passing of light beams. It deals with the production of optical lenses and their practical use. It describes types of optical blemishes that exist in real optical systems. Particular attention is given to parameters of optical lenses and their measurement in practice. It includes a Matlab program to calculate parameters of optical lenses derived from the measurements.

This work deals with the modern trends in FTTX, but mainly focuses on FTTH, who represents the connecting of fiber to the homes of the participants. Sum up the basic problems of communication on the optical fibre, followed by comparison with other types of access networks. Another part is the analysis of the problems of construction and a description of the optical network topologies and technologies used in FTTH. In following chapter are characterized active and passive elements forming AON and PON networks. Next part deals with the study of the most common services that can be on the optical access network to operate. They are mainly associated with the TriplePlay services. An integral part of the project is the study of management and supervision optical networks. In the main part is created real model situation where is the requirement for the creation of optical access networks with broadband of TriplePlay, followed by selection of appropriate options and detailed project with a selection of active and passive elements with economic balance.

This thesis deals with the dark-field imaging and the optical spectroscopy of optically trapped plasmonic nanoparticles. The optical trapping and the characterization of a single particle or multiple nanoparticles as well are demonstrated. The number of the optically trapped particles can be estimated from the dark-field scattering intensity. Experiments show the presence of the interparticle coupling among trapped metallic nanoparticles which has not been observed in case of dielectric particles. The scattering spectra of the plasmonic nanoparticles were compared with theoretical models based on the Mie theory and the Discrete dipole approximation.

The thesis is aimed to prepare a business plan for internet service provider on fiber optics for real company. The business plan includes a market analysis, financial reporting, evaluation of investment efficiency, risk and sensitivity analysis and other essential information which can help company's owner to evaluate the feasibility of the plan.

The aim of this thesis was to design new algorithms for processing image data from microscopes and demonstration of the possibilities of their use on standard samples (latex particles of different diameter). Results were used for the analysis of real objects inside the living mammalian cell. For the design of these algorithms was necessary to first understand how the image in the microscope is build, including a variety of lens aberrations. It was necessary to start with simulations of ideal case displaying one point (simulation PSF). Images of Airy discs in the plane of focus, or simulations using the ENZ theory. Available ENZ simulations provide only a few sections of different focal planes. It was necessary to adjust them to a usable form for generating a full 3D view. Using these algorithms, it was examined the behavior of the basic lens aberrations, and the behavior of two particles (objects) at different distances from each other. At the conclusion of these observations, it was necessary to redefine the terms Focus and resolution. Furthermore, the definitions have been introduced for discriminability and distinguishability of objects in an image. Thanks to the new definitions and new viewing (information entropy) to challenge the discriminability/distinguishability problem of objects in the image was possible to design and develop algorithms for image processing that enable to detect objects below the Abbe resolution condition using standard optical bright field microscopy. It has been found experimentally that the limiting factor for resolution using this method is the size and resolution of the camera chip. When using a chip with a higher density of points, we can achieve better results (detection of smaller objects) using the same algorithms.

This work focuses on the optical communication of the Green Anole lizard. Experiment group consisted of eleven specimen, six males and five females, each being kept separately. The animals were being kept at constant temperature and humidity levels. Seven predetermined behavior patterns were examined, occuring during a contact of two specimen, wheter two males or a male and a female. For each behavior pattern, three time data were measured duration, frequency and latency. When examining two males, size difference and territorial status of territory owner/intruder were taken into account. Each interaction was documented, in total sixty videos were made, each fifteen minutes long. The territory status positively influenced the duration and latency of Headbob C, size difference positively influenced the duration and latency of Nuchal crest and the latency of Extended throat. Sex of the animal positively influenced the duration of Dewlap. Territorial status, size differnce or sex had no influence on the rest of the behavior patterns.

Influence optical response on underetching of plasmonic antennas is observed in this thesis. When light falls with resonant wavelength on the optical antennas, the electromagnetic field is amplified near this antennas. The resonant wavelength depends on the length of the antenna and on effective refractive index given by the ambient properties around the antenna. The contact surface with substrate (dielectric) is reduced by underetching the antenna and the effective refractive index is changed and thus the optical response of the antenna is changed.

This thesis deals with an experimental research of the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) using Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM). The first chapter provides theoretical background and a description of most of the physical phenomena and relevant dependencies studied in this work. These dependencies include the dependence of the resulting SPP image on homogeneity, polarization, wavelength and phase of the illumination, on the geometry of the interference structures and on the tilt of the sample with respect to the illumination. Further, this work presents a new experimental method which, using the numerical simulations or SNOM measurements, allows to estimate the sensitivity of SNOM probe to detect the individual electric intensity components of the near-field. At the end of the thesis, the work presents a new microscopic technique which enables a 3D quantitative imaging of phase distribution above the plasmonic metasurfaces.

This thesis focuses on system for persistence of GPON communication. Theoretical part deals with problems of GPON and NG-PON optical networks, NoSQL database systems and MongoDB database. Practical part contains design of a database schema for MongoDB database and source code in programming languages Python and C# for working with this database. The thesis is finalized by performance testing, proving that the database design and source code implementation is capable of handling real world traffic.