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Caracterização do perfil de excreção de glicosaminoglicanos na urina de usuárias de contraceptivo oral / Oral hormonal contraceptives effect the concentration and composition of urinary glycosaminoglycans on young womenMary Juciane Galvão Zamboni 04 February 2009 (has links)
Glicosaminoglicanos (GAG) no urotélio e na urina possuem um efeito protetor contra desordens tais com urolitíase e cistite intersticial. Adicionalmente, foi demonstrado que hormônios sexuais femininos podem modular a excreção urinária de GAG (Maroclo M.V. et al. J Urol. 2005;173:1789-92). O presente estudo investigou se os anticoncepcionais hormonais orais combinados (AHOC) influenciam na excreção urinária de GAG. Amostras de urina foram doadas por mulheres jovens que utilizavam anticoncepcionais orais regularmente: EE + D (0,030 mg etinilestradiol + 3,0 mg drosperinona), n=9; EE + C (0,035 mg etinilestradiol + 2,0 mg acetato de ciproterona), n=9; e EE + G (0,020 mg etinilestradiol + 0,075 mg gestodeno), n=7. Controles foram 10 mulheres da mesma faixa etária não usuárias de AHOC. Valores de GAG urinário total das primeira e segunda metades do ciclo menstrual foram expressos como μg ácido hexurônico por mg de creatinina urinária. A proporção de GAG sulfatado foi determinada pela eletroforese em gel de agarose. Em contraste com o grupo controle, a excreção de GAG total na primeira e segunda metades do ciclo menstrual foi bastante similar nos grupos usuários de AHOC. Valores de excreção em todo o ciclo foram maior no grupo usuário de AHOC (p < 0,01), particularmente para o grupo usuário de EE + C, no qual os valores foram o dobro dos valores do controle (p < 0,005). Comparados com o controle, os 3 grupos usuários de AHOC produziram diferenças marcantes na composição urinária de GAG sulfatado, com diminuição de aproximadamente 50% no HS (p < 0,02) e DS (p < 0,02), e um aumento próximo de 100% no CS (p < 0,004). O padrão de excreção urinário de GAG está claramente alterado em mulheres que ingerem os AHOC estudados. Sendo assim, esta mudança na excreção constitui um efeito benéfico adicional dos AHOC, pois ela aumenta o potencial efeito protetor dos GAG contra desordens do trato urinário. / Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on the urothelium and in the urine have protective effects against disorders such as urolithiasis and interstitial cystitis. Additionally, we have shown that female sex hormones may modulate urinary GAG excretion (Maroclo MV et al. J Urol 2005;173:1789-92). Here we investigated whether oral hormonal contraceptives (OC) affect urinary GAG excretion. Urine specimens were obtained from young women regularly taking the following OC: EE + D (0.030 mg ethinyl estradiol + 3.0 mg drospirenone), n=9; EE + C (0.035 mg ethinyl estradiol + 2.0 mg cyproterone acetate), n=9; and EE + G (0.020 mg ethinyl estradiol + 0.075 mg gestodene), n=7. Controls were from ten age-matched women not taking OC. Total urinary GAG from the first and second halves of the menstrual cycle was assayed as g hexuronic acid per mg urinary creatinine. Content of sulfated GAG species was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. In contrast to controls, excretion of total GAG in the first and second halves of the menstrual cycle was quite similar in the OC groups. Excretion values for the whole cycle were higher in the OC groups (p < 0.01), especially for EE + C, in which the values were twice those from controls (p < 0.005). Compared with controls, the three OC produced marked changes in the composition of urinary sulfated GAG, with decreases of ~50% in HS (p < 0.02) and DS (p < 0.02), and a ~100% increase in CS (p < 0.004). The pattern of urinary GAG excretion is clearly changed in women taking commonly used OC. However, this altered excretion should constitute an additional beneficial effect of OC, as it enhances the protective effects of GAG against urinary tract disorders.
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Caracterização do perfil de excreção de glicosaminoglicanos na urina de usuárias de contraceptivo oral / Oral hormonal contraceptives effect the concentration and composition of urinary glycosaminoglycans on young womenMary Juciane Galvão Zamboni 04 February 2009 (has links)
Glicosaminoglicanos (GAG) no urotélio e na urina possuem um efeito protetor contra desordens tais com urolitíase e cistite intersticial. Adicionalmente, foi demonstrado que hormônios sexuais femininos podem modular a excreção urinária de GAG (Maroclo M.V. et al. J Urol. 2005;173:1789-92). O presente estudo investigou se os anticoncepcionais hormonais orais combinados (AHOC) influenciam na excreção urinária de GAG. Amostras de urina foram doadas por mulheres jovens que utilizavam anticoncepcionais orais regularmente: EE + D (0,030 mg etinilestradiol + 3,0 mg drosperinona), n=9; EE + C (0,035 mg etinilestradiol + 2,0 mg acetato de ciproterona), n=9; e EE + G (0,020 mg etinilestradiol + 0,075 mg gestodeno), n=7. Controles foram 10 mulheres da mesma faixa etária não usuárias de AHOC. Valores de GAG urinário total das primeira e segunda metades do ciclo menstrual foram expressos como μg ácido hexurônico por mg de creatinina urinária. A proporção de GAG sulfatado foi determinada pela eletroforese em gel de agarose. Em contraste com o grupo controle, a excreção de GAG total na primeira e segunda metades do ciclo menstrual foi bastante similar nos grupos usuários de AHOC. Valores de excreção em todo o ciclo foram maior no grupo usuário de AHOC (p < 0,01), particularmente para o grupo usuário de EE + C, no qual os valores foram o dobro dos valores do controle (p < 0,005). Comparados com o controle, os 3 grupos usuários de AHOC produziram diferenças marcantes na composição urinária de GAG sulfatado, com diminuição de aproximadamente 50% no HS (p < 0,02) e DS (p < 0,02), e um aumento próximo de 100% no CS (p < 0,004). O padrão de excreção urinário de GAG está claramente alterado em mulheres que ingerem os AHOC estudados. Sendo assim, esta mudança na excreção constitui um efeito benéfico adicional dos AHOC, pois ela aumenta o potencial efeito protetor dos GAG contra desordens do trato urinário. / Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on the urothelium and in the urine have protective effects against disorders such as urolithiasis and interstitial cystitis. Additionally, we have shown that female sex hormones may modulate urinary GAG excretion (Maroclo MV et al. J Urol 2005;173:1789-92). Here we investigated whether oral hormonal contraceptives (OC) affect urinary GAG excretion. Urine specimens were obtained from young women regularly taking the following OC: EE + D (0.030 mg ethinyl estradiol + 3.0 mg drospirenone), n=9; EE + C (0.035 mg ethinyl estradiol + 2.0 mg cyproterone acetate), n=9; and EE + G (0.020 mg ethinyl estradiol + 0.075 mg gestodene), n=7. Controls were from ten age-matched women not taking OC. Total urinary GAG from the first and second halves of the menstrual cycle was assayed as g hexuronic acid per mg urinary creatinine. Content of sulfated GAG species was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. In contrast to controls, excretion of total GAG in the first and second halves of the menstrual cycle was quite similar in the OC groups. Excretion values for the whole cycle were higher in the OC groups (p < 0.01), especially for EE + C, in which the values were twice those from controls (p < 0.005). Compared with controls, the three OC produced marked changes in the composition of urinary sulfated GAG, with decreases of ~50% in HS (p < 0.02) and DS (p < 0.02), and a ~100% increase in CS (p < 0.004). The pattern of urinary GAG excretion is clearly changed in women taking commonly used OC. However, this altered excretion should constitute an additional beneficial effect of OC, as it enhances the protective effects of GAG against urinary tract disorders.
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The attention-emotion interaction in healthy female participants on oral contraceptives during 1-week escitalopram intakeBeinhölzl, Nathalie, Molloy, Eóin N., Zsido, Rachel G., Richter, Thalia, Piecha, Fabian A., Zheleva, Gergana, Scharrer, Ulrike, Regenthal, Ralf, Villringer, Arno, Okon-Singer, Hadas, Sacher, Julia 24 November 2023 (has links)
Previous findings in healthy humans suggest that selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs) modulate emotional processing via earlier changes in
attention. However, many previous studies have provided inconsistent
findings. One possible reason for such inconsistencies is that these studies
did not control for the influence of either sex or sex hormone fluctuations.
To address this inconsistency, we administered 20 mg escitalopram or
placebo for seven consecutive days in a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled
design to sixty healthy female participants with a minimum of 3
months oral contraceptive (OC) intake. Participants performed a modified
version of an emotional flanker task before drug administration, after a single
dose, after 1 week of SSRI intake, and after a 1-month wash-out period.
Supported by Bayesian analyses, our results do not suggest a modulatory
effect of escitalopram on behavioral measures of early attentional-emotional
interaction in female individuals with regular OC use. While the specific
conditions of our task may be a contributing factor, it is also possible that
a practice effect in a healthy sample may mask the effects of escitalopram
on the attentional-emotional interplay. Consequently, 1 week of escitalopram
administration may not modulate attention toward negative emotional
distractors outside the focus of attention in healthy female participants taking
OCs. While further research in naturally cycling females and patient samples
is needed, our results represent a valuable contribution toward the preclinical
investigation of antidepressant treatment.
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