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Análise tridimensional de um sistema de contraventamento misto aplicado em edifícios altosLopes, Fábio André Frutuoso January 2003 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2003 / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar um sistema de contraventamento misto, composto por treliças passantes, também conhecidas como "outriggers", unidas rigidamente a pilares parede. A análise tridimensional foi efetuada através do método dos elementos finitos num edifício com 50 pavimentos, com pilares metálicos de alta resistência no contorno da edificação e pilares parede de concreto armado no centro da mesma. Para as lajes foi admitido o comportamento de diafragma rígido, onde a contribuição de sua rigidez à flexão foi considerada pelas vigas mistas, sendo estas vigas e os pilares, modelados por elementos de barra. O pré-dimensionamento dos elementos metálicos foi realizado de acordo com a NBR 8800. Os resultados obtidos pelos estados limites de utilização, considerando os casos de carregamento: peso próprio, sobrecarga, desaprumo e vento, permitiram avaliar a eficiência das treliças passantes através da redução dos deslocamentos laterais e dos momentos fletores, bem como, avaliar os cintamentos localizados nos níveis de posicionamento dos "outriggers", através da redistribuição os esforços axiais dos pilares metálicos. Apresenta-se, também, uma comparação dos resultados obtidos por meio das análises tridimensionais com o modelo plano simplificado encontrado na literatura técnica. Conclui-se que o sistema de contraventamento adotado no modelo proposto, apresentou-se adequado quanto aos deslocamentos limites e ao conforto humano estabelecidos pela NBR 8800, NBR 6123 e pelo projeto de revisão da NBR 6118/2001, e que os cintamentos modelados, além de proporcionar reduções nos esforços axiais dos pilares metálicos mais solicitados, caracterizam o sistema de contraventamento vertical principal na direção secundária. Para as comparações realizadas entre as análises tridimensionais e o modelo simplificado, verificou-se que os resultados dos esforços de momentos fletores apresentaram diferenças menores do que os deslocamentos laterais da edificação
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Experimental Evaluation of the Dynamic Performance Benefits of Roll Stability Control Systems on A-train DoublesKim, Andrew Eundong 09 February 2018 (has links)
The ride stability of an A-train 28-foot double tractor trailer when outfitted with different Roll Stability Control (RSC) systems with the same payload and suspension configurations is studied experimentally for various dynamic maneuvers. The primary goal of the study is to determine the effect of different commercially-available RSC systems on the extent of improvements they offer for increasing roll stability of commercial vehicles with double trailers, when subjected to limit-steering maneuvers that can rise during highway driving. A semitruck and two 28-foot trailers are modified for enduring the forces and moments that can result during testing. A load structure is used for placing the ballast loads within the trailers at a suitable height for duplicating the CG height of the trailers during their commercial use. Outriggers and jackknifing arresting mechanisms are used to prevent vehicle damage and ensure safety during the tests. The test vehicle is equipped with multiple sensors and cameras for the necessary measurements and observations. The analog and video data are time-synced for correlating the measurements with visual observation of the test vehicle dynamics in post-processing.
An extensive number of tests are conducted at the Michelin Laurens Proving Grounds (MLPG) in Laurens, SC. The tests include evaluating each RSC system with different maneuvers and speeds until a rollover occurs or the vehicle is deemed to be unstable. The maneuvers that are used for the tests include: double lane change, sine-with-dwell, J-turn, and ramp steer maneuver. Both a steering robot and subjective driver are used for the tests. The test data are analyzed and the results are used to compare the three RSC systems with each other, and with trailers without RSC. The test results indicate that all three RSC systems are able to improve the speed at which rollover occurs, with a varying degree. For two of the systems, the rollover speed gained, when compared with trailers without RSC, is marginal. For one of the systems, there are more significant speed gains. Since most RSC systems are tuned for a conventional tractor-trailer, additional testing with some of the systems would be necessary to enable the manufacturers to better fine-tune the RSC control scheme to the dynamics of double trailers. / MS / The safety of driven semi-trailer trucks towing two trailers is analyzed in a study created to examine the behavior of the vehicle and its units during high speed, high maneuvering circumstances. The rolling over of a specific test truck is studied to study the ability of a common large vehicle to succeed in evasive or emergency maneuvers. Focus on the rolling over of a truck is placed in this project, as large freight vehicle rollovers are among the most popular and most dangerous type of accidents on highways today. A semi-trailer truck with two trailers, or double trailer vehicle, is instrumented with sensors and cameras to study several different characteristics associated with vehicle operation and conditions that incite rollover. The behavior of a double trailer vehicle is complicated due to the additional rotation joint between the adjacent trailers, where typical semi-trailer trucks (18-wheelers) only incorporate one: between the towing tractor and the towed trailer.
Commercially available electronic appliances called Roll Stability Control (RSC) systems were designed to automatically control and apply the vehicle brakes under rollover conditions, and are installed and used individually to evaluate any improvements on the test vehicle’s ability to stay upright. Information regarding RSC system operation can be found.
All vehicle testing is completed at a professional vehicle testing location in Laurens, SC and the same four test maneuvers are used to determine the effectiveness of each of the five RSC systems tested using data collected with the instrumented sensors. Different types of RSC systems exist due to different manners of operation, and are discussed in this document and analyzed. This project develops the conclusion that the five systems used during testing all improve vehicle stability, but provide differing results in doing so, largely due to their different operations. Therefore, commercially available RSC systems are proven to work differently and provide different results. Recommendations for further testing of RSC systems is provided.
Although no recommendations are made regarding the tested RSC systems, the collected data show large, double trailer freight vehicles are more stable when using any of the tested commercially available RSC systems, especially during evasive maneuvering or emergency situations. These findings can bring immediate improvements to large freight vehicle operation and safety.
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The Use of Core and Outrigger Systems for High-Rise Steel StructuresAlanazi, Abdulaziz Manqal 19 December 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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