The effect of weight gain on college students may lead to physical and emotional problems that could continue into adulthood. Identifying behavioral, demographic, and psychological factors that impact college student’s weight status could aid in developing programs to help reduce weight and prevent weight gain in overweight and obese college students. This study evaluated the dietary habits, physical activity, and psychosocial characteristics of college students entering a university-sponsored weight loss program. Results suggest that the majority of participants have experienced weight gain in the past year and none have experienced weight loss. The student’s diets tended to include less than the recommended amounts of fiber, calcium, vitamin A, fruits, and vegetables. Diets tended to include more than the recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate, and sodium according to the USDA Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) and the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Students living on campus were found to participate in significantly greater amounts of strenuous physical activity than students living off campus. Self-efficacy for food consumption and physical activity was not found to have a significant effect on calories consumed or calories burned. A significant correlation was not found to exist between BMI and depression in this sample of college students.

Sammanfattning Titel:                    Skolsköterskors erfarenheter av mötet med föräldrar till överviktiga barn - ett hälsofrämjande arbete Författare:           Karlsson, Erika; Wern, Pernilla                                              Institution:           Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, Högskolan i Skövde Program<img src="https://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png" />kurs:      Examensarbete i omvårdnad, OM854A, 15 hp Handledare:         Larsson, Margaretha Examinator:         Brovall, Maria         Sidor:                   22 Nyckelord:          Skolsköterska, övervikt, samarbete, ansvar     Bakgrund: Övervikt hos barn och ungdomar är ett växande problem.  På längre sikt leder övervikt till följdsjukdomar. Skolsköterskor har en unik möjlighet att fånga upp de barn som är på väg att utveckla övervikt eller fetma i tidig ålder. Hälsosamtalet och hälsobesöket är skolsköterskans främsta hälsofrämjande arbete. Syftet med hälsosamtalet är att enskilt tillsammans med skolsköterskan diskutera sin hälsa och eventuella ohälsa.   Syfte: Att beskriva skolsköterskors upplevelser av det hälsofrämjande mötet med förälder till barn med övervikt. Metod: En studie har genomförts med kvalitativ metod där skolsköterskor intervjuats med öppna frågor. Innehållet i intervjuerna har analyserats med kvaltitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Skolsköterskorna påtalar vikten av att det både är föräldrars ansvar och skol­sköterskans ansvar att främja en god hälsa hos barnet. Samarbetet mellan skolsköterskorna och föräldrarna är avgörande för hur det hälsofrämjande arbetet utvecklas. Skol­sköterskorna förbereder sig väl inför mötet med förälder till barn med övervikt för att detta möte skall bli så bra som möjligt. Konklusion: Skolsköterskorna belyser samarbetet och bemötandet av föräldrar till barn med övervikt. Det gemensamma ansvaret som föräldrar och skolsköterskor har över barnet lyfts fram i det hälsofrämjande mötet. Deras erfarenheter och förhållningssätt har visats sig vara viktiga aspekter i mötet. / Abstract Title:                       School nurses experiences of meeting with parents in health promotion Author:                  Karlsson, Erika; Wern, Pernilla Department:           School of Health and Education, University of Skövde Course:                   Master Degree Project in Nursing, 15 ECTS Supervisor:             Larsson, Margaretha Examiner:               Brovall, Maria Pages:                     22 Keywords:             School nurse, overweight, cooperation, responsibility   Background: Obesity in children and adolescents is a growing problem<img src="https://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png" /> in most countries; in the long term leading to overweight sequelae. School nurses have a unique opportunity to localize those children who run the risk of being overweight or developing obesity at an early age. The health and development meeting is the school nurse's premier health promotion tool. The purpose of the meeting is to enable individual/student to discuss their own health situation and any potential problems<img src="https://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png" /> they might have. Objective: To describe the school nurses' experiences of health promotional meetings with parents of children with overweight. Method: A study has been conducted using qualitative method in which school nurses interviewed with open questions. The content of the interviews were analyzed by quantitative content analysis. Results: The school nurses impress in the importance of both parents' responsibility, and the school nurse's responsibility to promote the good health of the child. Cooperation between school nurses and parents is crucial for the health promotion to evolve. The school nurses must prepare thoroughly for the health meeting with parents of children with overweight if there will be any kind of positive outcome. Conclusion: The school nurses highlight the good cooperation and hospitality of parents of children with overweight. The shared responsibility of parents and school nurses is raised in the health promotion meeting. Their experiences and approaches have been shown to be important aspects of the meeting.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effect of cinnamon on blood pressure in middle-aged obese adults. Subjects consumed a beverage with (experimental) and without (control) 6 g ground cassia cinnamon. Blood pressure was assessed at baseline, and then at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 minutes. A food frequency questionnaire was administered to estimate usual dietary intake. Twenty-six adults (9 males and 17 females), aged 40-65 years, completed the study. There was no significant difference in blood pressure at any time point between the two conditions (p>0.05). Multiple regression analysis evaluated the relationship between usual intake of diet components and control baseline blood pressure. The diet components studied did not significantly predict systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure at baseline. The results of this study suggest 6 g cinnamon does not exert a short-term beneficial effect on blood pressure in middle-aged obese adults. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only. / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only. / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

Thirty-seven overweight/obese (BMI: 25-35 kg/m2), premenopausal women that were randomly assigned to either an ad libitum low-carbohydrate (LC) (20% CHO, 30-40% protein, 30-40% fat), or an ad libitum low-fat (LF) (55-60% CHO, 15-20% protein, 20-25% fat) diet.All subjects were given weekly menus matching their assigned macronutrient requirements to aid in meal planning and dietary compliance. Baseline and post-diet measures included height, weight, body composition (DXA), blood lipids [total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, and triglycerides (TG)], and plasma insulin levels. There were no significant group differences in any of the above-listed variables prior to the study. Nineteen women completed the 6-wk study (LC=11, LF=8). Compliance to the diets was adequate as indicated by weekly 24-hr recalls and daily urinary ketone levels. Both groups lost a significant amount of weight and body flat, (P<0.05); and weight and body fat losses were not significantly different between the groups. All groups experienced similar decreases in TG, TC, LDL, HDL, and insulin levels. These results indicate a LC diet is no more effective than a LF diet in promoting favorable changes in body weight, body composition, blood lipids and insulin levels. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

This study investigated the degree to which two types of interventions stimulated changes in adolescents’ attitudes and beliefs about people who are obese. The main research questions focused on whether an intervention based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model of attitude change would produce a greater reduction in anti-fat person attitudes and beliefs about obesity than an intervention that did not utilize this framework. The effectiveness of the two types of interventions was assessed with middle school students at a K-12 laboratory school. Students completed pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up surveys about their anti-fat person attitudes and beliefs about the controllability of obesity. The amount of change in attitudes and beliefs was assessed within and across the two intervention groups. The hypotheses of the study predicted that the intervention which integrated the elaboration likelihood model would produce a greater reduction in anti-fat person beliefs than the intervention which did not integrate elaboration-enhancing activities. The hypotheses also predicted that a reduction in beliefs about the controllability of obesity would occur across both interventions but that this reduction would be maintained only in the elaboration-enhancing condition. A multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. After controlling for the variable of the teacher present during the time of the intervention, the results showed an equal and significant reduction in the endorsement of anti-fat person attitudes and controllability beliefs across both the information-centered and the elaboration-enhancing interventions. The reduction in anti-fat person beliefs was maintained at the two and one-half month follow-up. Similarly, beliefs about the controllability of obesity remained significantly lower at the two and one-half month follow-up survey. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of self-management on daily net calories consumed by women who are overweight. Four white females between the ages of 35 and 41 with a self-reported BMI between 25 and 29.9 completed this study. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to demonstrate a functional relation between the independent variable (i.e., self-management) and the dependent variable (i.e., net calories consumed) for each participant. Three of the four participants decreased their daily net calories consumed after beginning the self-management intervention. This was the first single case research study to examine the effectiveness of self-management on daily net calories consumed (i.e., caloric intake minus caloric expenditure) and extended previous literature on white females who were overweight.

Bakgrund: Barnfetma är på väg att bli ett stort folkhälsoproblem i samhället. 42 miljoner barn under fem år är överviktiga i världen. God självkänsla är viktigt för det psykiska välbefinnandet. Syfte: Vi vill undersöka om en överviktig ungdom löper större risk att drabbas av låg självkänsla jämfört med en normalviktig ungdom. Metod: Vi har gjort en litteraturstudie där vi har analyserat tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Övervikt och fetma är ett stort problem med negativ påverkan på ungdomars psykiska hälsa. Skillnader finns mellan kön, etnicitet och socioekonomisk bakgrund. Flickor rapporterar lägre självkänsla än pojkar och ungdomar med afroamerikansk etnicitet rapporterar högre självkänsla än ungdomar från andra etniciteter. Slutsats: Övervikt och fetma har ett tydligt samband med låg självkänsla hos ungdomar, speciellt tydligt hos flickor. Därför är det viktigt att börja med insatser i tidig ålder för att motverka övervikt. / Background: Childhood obesity is becoming a major public health issue in the community. 42 million children under the age of five are overweight globally. Good self-esteem is important for mental well-being. Aim: We wanted to investigate if overweight youths were more likely to develop low self-esteem compared with normal weight youths. Method: We did a literature study where we analyzed ten scientific articles. Results: Overweight and obesity is a major problem with a negative impact on adolescent’s mental health. There is a difference between gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic background found in these studies. Girls report lower self-esteem compared to boys and young African-American report higher self-esteem compared to adolescents from other ethnicities. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity is clearly associated with low self-esteem in adolescents, especially evident in female gender. Therefore, it is important to start with interventions at an early age to prevent the problem of obesity.