Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ros.pdf: 724884 bytes, checksum: adc234b9f6395116f8a14b43f0028667 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-06 / Objectives: to determine the prevalence of overweight among under-five-year-old children in Brazil and investigate its associations with sociodemographic characteristics, exclusive breastfeeding, number of siblings and birth weight. Methods: cross sectional population based study, conducted in the five geopolitical regions of Brazil, with a sample of 6,397 children. The nutritional classification was done using the 2006 WHO growth curves. Were considered overweight the children with a z-score higher than two standard deviations above the weight for height median. Results: the prevalence of overweight among under-five-year-old children in Brazil was 12%. The outcome was 22% higher in males (RP=1,22; IC95% 1,02-1,47; p=0,030). There was a linear inverse association: the younger the child, the higher the prevalence of overweight (p=0,032). The white children had a prevalence of overweight 22% higher than the non-white ones. The higher the birth weight, the higher the prevalences of overweight (p=0,000). Children who were breastfed up to 120 days had a prevalence of overweight 34% higher compared to the ones who were breastfed for more than 120 days. Conclusions: the prevalence of overweight was higher in males, in under-one-year-old, white, with a birth weight of less than 3,500 grams, exclusively breastfed up to 120 days children / Objetivos: Verificar a prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças menores de cinco anos no Brasil e investigar suas associações com características sociodemográficas, aleitamento materno exclusivo, número de irmãos e peso de nascimento. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado nas cinco regiões geopolíticas do Brasil com uma amostra de 6.397 crianças. A classificação nutricional foi realizada utilizando as curvas de crescimento da OMS de 2006. Foram consideradas com excesso de peso crianças com escore-z maior que dois desvios-padrão acima da mediana de referência de peso para a altura. Resultados: A prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças menores de cinco anos no Brasil foi de 12%. O desfecho foi 22% maior no sexo masculino (RP=1,22; IC95% 1,02-1,47; p= 0,030). Observou-se uma associação linear inversa: quanto menor a idade da criança, maiores as prevalências de excesso de peso (p= 0,032). As crianças brancas apresentaram uma prevalência de excesso de peso 22% maior do que as não brancas. Quanto maior o peso de nascimento, maiores as prevalências de excesso de peso (p=0,000). Crianças que foram amamentadas até 120 dias apresentaram uma prevalência 34% maior de excesso de peso quando comparadas às que mamaram mais de 120 dias. Conclusões: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi maior no sexo masculino, em crianças menores de um ano, brancas, com peso de nascimento maior que 3.500 gramas, que foram amamentadas exclusivamente até 120 dias

Background: Overweight in children is a growing problem around the world. Studies has shown that children suffering from overweight, are at a greater risk to remain overweight as adults as well. Child health care nurses have an important task by trying to motivate parents to better diet and exercise habits for their children. Previous research proves that overweight and obesity in children is a very complex problem which requires a good caring relationship between child health care nurses and parents. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to illuminate the experiences of child health care nurses of meeting parents of overweight children. Method: An inductive qualitative approach was used as method. The collection of data was conducted by using semi-structured interviews. Seven child health care nurses participated. A qualitative manifest content analysis was used as the method of analysis. Result: The result was described in three main categories. The child health care nurse way of approach described how the attitudes, mind-set and treatment affected the meeting with the parents. Impeding factors in the meeting described that the attitudes of the parents, their approach and cultural-and social differences could be impeding in the meeting. Strategies to increase the motivation and knowledge of the parents illuminated that process thinking and an informative and preventive work could be favorable in the meeting. The child health care nurses also described different useful tools that could increase the motivation and knowledge of the parents. Conclusion: The child health care nurses way of approach has a great importance when it comes to motivating the parents to encourage the future health of their overweight children. Today's society is getting increasingly more multicultural and the cultural competence of the child health care nurses should therefore be supported. The work of the child health care nurses is characterized by a process thinking where time is considered as a determinant factor. Ultimately, the child health care nurses work with meeting parents of overweight children can be considered difficult but highly important. / Bakgrund: Övervikt hos barn är ett växande hälsoproblem i hela världen. Studier har visat att överviktiga barn löper ökad risk att förbli överviktiga även i vuxen ålder. Barnhälsovårdssköterskan (BHV-sköterskan) har en viktig arbetsuppgift genom att försöka motivera föräldrar till bättre kost och motionsvanor för sina barn. Tidigare forskning har visat på att övervikt och fetma hos barn är ett komplext problem som kräver en god vårdrelation mellan BHV-sköterskan och föräldrarna. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa BHV-sköterskors erfarenheter av att möta föräldrar till överviktiga barn. Metod: En induktiv kvalitativ ansats användes som metod. Datainsamlingen genomfördes med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Sju BHV-sköterskor deltog. En kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys användes som analysmetod. Resultat: Resultatet beskrevs i tre huvudkategorier. BHV-sköterskans förhållningssätt beskrev hur BHV-sköterskors attityder, inställningar och bemötande påverkade mötet med föräldrarna. Hindrande faktorer i mötet beskrev att föräldrars attityder och inställningar samt kulturella och sociala skillnader kunde vara hindrande i mötet. Strategier för att öka föräldrars motivation och kunskap belyste att processtänkande och informativt och preventivt arbete kunde främja mötet. BHV-sköterskorna beskrev även olika användbara verktyg som kunde öka föräldrars motivation och kunskap. Slutsats: BHV-sköterskors förhållningssätt har stor betydelse när föräldrar till överviktiga barn ska motiveras till att främja barnets framtida hälsa. Dagens samhälle blir alltmer mångkulturellt och BHV-sköterskors kulturella kompetens bör därför främjas. BHV-sköterskors arbete präglas av ett processtänkande där tid ses som en avgörande faktor. Slutligen kan BHV-sköterskors arbete med att möta föräldrar till överviktiga barn ses som svårt men viktigt.