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No description available.

The research was performed in vegetation season of year 2014 in apple orchard near Nosislav in Břeclav district. The task was to compare efficiency of two auxiliary preparations and two insecticides, separately or in different combinations. Valuation of efficiency of these preparations in various variants was performed by measuring lengths of colonies of woolly aphid 1.2 and 7 days after application. The trial had been started at 4.6.2014. The most efficient variant was Cocana 1.5% followed by Mospilan 20 SP 0.013% -- Mospilan was applied immediately after applying of Cocana (efficiency 80.2%). Very good results were noticed on variants Mospilan 20 0.013% (efficiency 75.6%), Cocana 2% + Mospilan 20 SP 0,013 % -- tankmix (74.2%), Cocana 2% followed by Mospilan 20 SP 0,013% (68.8%), Cocana 1% followed by Mospilan 20 SP 1% (64.5%). Low efficiency was found out at Cocana 2% followed by Wetcit 0.3% (48.7%). The worst efficiency was by application of Cocana 2% followed by Spintor 0.6 l/ha (13%).

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No description available.

No description available.

The research was realized during the growing season in 2013 in an apple orchard of the cultivar Golden Delicious near the village Nosislav (district Břeclav, elevation 170m). The efficiency of four products against San José Scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus) was investigated. The first adult San José Scale males were found in pheromone traps on the 28th of May. Occurrences of the first and second generation of the first instar nymphs (crawlers) were calculated according to effective temperatures sum to be on the 20th of June and 6th of August. The highest efficiency against San José Scale (59.6 to 60.9%) was found in a product based on Beauveria bassiana. The efficiency of a product based on the oil of Pongamia pinnata was between 41.8 and 56.9%. The efficiency of a product based on orange oil was lower, between 32.8 and 39.6%. The lowest efficiency, only 17%, was detected in a product with the active substance spinosad.

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In this diploma thesis, there is evaluated the state of the historic fruit trees, the possibilities of their maintenance and plans for planting new trees. With respect to the current purpose of the respective area, neither intensive fruit production nor precise care can be anticipated. It seems that the most effective approach will be to manage the extensive orchards in the way it is still quite usual in the Czech countryside, or in the system of organic farming. This will allow taking care of the trees just moderately with occasional pruning, without using fertilizers and without pest control. This is in line with current approach to the care of the plants in Thomayer hospital area. In the past the selection of varieties of fruit trees that have been planted has given priority to those known to be suitable for the local climate, those which are long-living and also those which are now rare but which were grown in former times and which are still valuable. For example some varieties of choosen apples are: 'Astrachán bílý', 'Baumannova reneta' and 'Zvonkové', pears: 'Magdalenka', 'Šídlenka' and 'Špinka', plums: 'Elena' and 'Durancie', apricots: 'Bredská' and 'Sabinovská', cherries: 'Koburská raná' and 'Srdcovka Krügerova'. Trunk heights were selected as half-trunk and high-trunk on vigorous rootstocks. The good reason for this height is that there are people passing close to beds and trees, they are parking their cars. Last but not least the fruit and leaves need to be out of the reach of grazing sheep. All currently existing fruit trees have been maintained in completely non professional manner for the very long time. It is recommended that many of the old trees be removed. Those that remain will be only cherries, a few pears, plums, three apricots and two hazels. In total it is recommended to plant 192 new fruit trees. The new trees recommended are apples, more pears, more cherries, plums, more apricots and sweet chestnut. It will be important to provide the financial resources, not only for planting the new trees, but also for their care, especially in the first years after planting, because the existing unprofessional manner of the fruit tree maintenance in the area is neither suitable for current strong and old trees nor for new ones. Moreover, lack of maintenance can directly endanger the growth of the new fruit trees and affect their future health.

The Diploma thesis deals with the topic enrichment of beverages by additional antioxidants and has been processed at the Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in the Institute of Post-Harvest Technology of Horticultural Products. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part there are described antioxidants, free radicals, antioxidant capacity, means of antioxidant measurement in food, beverages containing antioxidants like fruit juice, tea, wine, and beer. There is also described chemical structure of food. Practical part deals with measurement of antioxidant capacity by DPPH and FRAP method and volume of polyphenolic substance in distillery samples with extracted oak wood dried by several temperatures and comparison of these samples with the commercial sample, subsequently sensory analysis of these mentioned samples. From results it´s obvious that distilleries can be enriched by additional wood especially by wood dried by 175 °C. Sensory analysis has proved that enrichment of the distillery by oak chips can significantly improve it´s quality.