The aim of the diploma thesis was to conduct an assessment of the current condition of the Libosad within the complex of the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, and to create a concept of its future utilization. I chose this topic in relation to my bachelor thesis which dealt with re-inventorying of trees in the Libosad. Based on the underlying data of the re-inventory, which are attached to this thesis, and the inventories carried out during the years of 2010 to 2015, the project of its future utilization was compiled. Within the selected area, there are 7,715 individual items, while 1,115 of them are of a fruity character with the possibility of alternative uses (14%). Among the fruit trees, the Prunus genus is the more frequent with 15 items (65%), the genus of Sorbus is represented by 3 items (13 %) and Malus by 2 items (9 %). Among the fruit deciduous shrubs, the complex mainly contains the bushes of the Rosa genus (237 items), then there is also a lot of bushes of the Chaenomeles (86 items) and Hippophae genera (66 items). Moreover, there are also conifers with edible fruit, namely the species of Taxus baccata with 164 trees (64 %) and Juniperus communis with 92 trees (36 %). The main vision of this project was to create an educational trail focusing on fruit trees with edible fruits. The goal of the proposal was to raise awareness of well-known as well as unknown wood species, and to point out their medicinal effects and manners of use. Such step should also increase traffic and awareness of the university arboretum. The concept of the future utilization also includes a recommended list of the planting with edible fruits. In the case of 93 items of fruit trees to be planted, there would be an increase in the total amount by 2 %. When designing the educational trail, the matters would have to be addressed in great detail. A satisfactory company, which would ensure the delivery and installation of educational panels, and a suitable supplier of specific tree species for the additional planting would both have to be chosen. In the final phase, 18 educational boards with authentic line drawings and relevant texts were created, while also the route of the educational trail was marked on the map. The economic balance was compiled for the purposes of the implementation of the trail named Educational Trail: Perceive the beauty with all senses and identify your fruit tree. Within the thesis, a few charts were drafted to evaluate the current condition of the vegetation from various points of view. Inventory tables, created in the Microsoft Excel program, form an integral part of the thesis. The diploma thesis also contains a map of the educational trail and a map of the current condition of the trees, created in the AutoCAD program, which are part of the thesis text and may be found on the enclosed CD. It also includes photographs on the website of mapserver.

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The deuterium content of sugar in fruits is influenced mainly by two factors – the botanical and also the geographical origin of the fruit. The information of the fruit origin is kept even after fermentation of the sugar, in the molecules of ethanol. The deuterium content on the methyl group of ethanol then varies depending upon the botanical origin of the fruit. SNIF-NMR (Site-specific Natural Isotope Fractionation – Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) is a specific method for determination of the deuterium isotopic ratio (D/H) in small molecules, e.g. ethanol. This isotopic technique is widely used for determination of sugar adulteration of fruit-based beverages (wines, fruit juices..). In this thesis, the authentic samples of five different fruits (apples, oranges, grapefruits, pineapples and grapes) available in the Czech market have been collected and analyzed by SNIF-NMR. The results are presented as well as the comparison to some commercially available fruit juices and nectars.

This work deals with collecting updated information about fruit trees and their occurance. Details from this work are collected via database of Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic. Update of 15 specific fruit trees is contained in this work, focusing on the Age of the trees, circumference of their stem, and for how long they had status of Memorable tree. The chapter "Results" contains recent measurements and photo documentation to this date, spring 2017.

The thesis describes the pressing of oils from fruit species, presents their selected quality parameters and evaluates the possibilities of their application in the production of cosmetics. The oil was pressed from almond, hazelnut, royal, apricot, peach, currant and rosehip seeds. Particular oils were obtained by cold pressing to produce the secondary products used. Selected substances such as fatty acid content. It also included the identification of qualitative parameters such as peroxide number, acidity number, oil acidity, oil saponification and iodine content in oils. Results show high MUFA content. Oil with its highest content is walnut (85.97%). The predominant acid in oils is oleic acid. Plum oil has the best antioxidant stability. The highest acid number is apricot oil (3.55 mg KOH.g-1). Peach oil (351,60 mg KOH / g oil) has the highest saponification number. The highest iodine number has almond oil (54,50 g.l2.100 g-1). Oils and secondary products have been used in the manufacture of cosmetic products. The choice of cosmetic products was based on market research. They were inspired by current cosmetic trends.Formula clause:The reason for postponing the publication of final thesis entitled Verification of using the secondary products after oil pressing in the cosmetic industry is the use of results of work for application output, cooperation with the commercial sector and further possible commercialization. Estimated delay is three years.

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This diploma thesis focuses on validation of RP–HPLC method for determination of organic acids in fruit juices. The aim of this thesis was to determine suitability of the method for verification of the fruit juices authenticity based on analysis of organic acids. The theoretical part describes chemical composition of fruit and fruit juices and focuses on organic acids. It provides description of various methods of organic acids analysis with more detailed description of High Performance Liquid Chromatography and its validation. The experimental part focuses on optimalization and validation of the method. Samples of malic, citric, succinic and ascorbic acid were analysed. The optimalized method was validated and following performance parameters were determined: repeatability, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) limit of quantitation (LOQ). RP–HPLC method was applied to real samples of 100% fruit juices (apple, orange and grapefruit) and the authenticity parameters were verified.

This master thesis deals with the assessment of aroma active compounds in fruit spirits. In the theoretical part the production technology of fruit spirits from raw materials to final product is described. Furthermore, aroma active substances are characterized, and the method for their determination by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry is described. The aim of the experimental part was the identification of volatile substances in different kinds of fruit spirits. Aromatic compounds were identified by the SPME-GC-MS. Domestic fruit spirits obtained from private growers were used as model samples. The differences in the number and type of volatile compounds were found between the samples. Overall 53 volatile compounds were identified. These were composed of 25 esters, 9 alcohols, 5 aldehydes, 4 alkenes, 2 ketones, 1 carboxylic acid and 7 other compounds.

The aim of presented diploma thesis was to characterize baby beverages for early infant feeding. Theoretical part deals with baby foods and beverages including breast milk. Practical part is focused on analysis of active substances in 21 commercially available fruit and herbal instant granular baby beverages and in 3 packaged tea bags for infant and toddler age. To evaluation of antioxidant properties some group parameters were used - total polyphenols, total flavonoids, total antioxidant activity and anthocyanins. All of them were analysed by using spectrophotometrical methods. For identification and quantification of individual phenolic substances was used RP-HPLC/UV-VIS and HPLC/PDA/LC-MS, identification of individual mono- and disaccharides was performed by HPLC/RI. L-ascorbic acid supplemented to some children's drinks was analysed by HPLC-NH2/UV. Protein analysis was performed by Experion microfluidic electrophoresis system (BioRad) and protein concentration was verified by colorimetric method. In general, the highest content of phenolic compounds was shown in tea bags when compared with instant granular beverages that contain mostly added simple carbohydrates. Using contact microbial tests proved immediately after opening and also during manipulation with tea boxes was verified that analysed baby teas are in agreement with strict hygiene requirements for baby beverages.

The Master' s thesis was made on Department of Post-Harvest Technology of Horticulture Faculty in Lednice. In the first chapter is defineded less common fruits and their healthy benefits. The main information about less common fruits and their processing are desribed in the other chapters. The experimental part include information of fresh fruits - honeysuckle, black chokeberry, hawthorn and their antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was detected by FRAP and DPPH. There is described the beverage production and the results of sensory analisis.