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<p>Kontrola pristupa odnosno autorizacija, u &scaron;irem smislu, razmatra na koji način korisnici mogu pristupiti resursima računarskog sistema i na koji način ih koristiti. Ova disertacija se bavi problemima kontrole pristupa u poslovnim sistemima. Tema disertacije je formalna specifkacija modela kontekstno zavisne kontrole pristupa u poslovnim sistemima koji je baziran na RBAC modelu kontrole pristupa. Uvođenjem kontekstno zavisne kontrole pristupa omogućeno je defnisanje složenijih prava pristupa koje u postojećim modelima kontrole pristupa za poslovne sisteme nije bilo moguće realizovati ili bi njihova realizacija bila komplikovana. Dati model primenljiv je u različitim poslovnim sistemima, a podržava defnisanje prava pristupa kako za jednostavne tako i za slo&middot;zene poslovne tokove. Sistem je verifkovan na dva realna poslovna procesa pomoću razvijenog prototipa. Prikazana prototipska implementacija koja ispunjava ciljeve u&nbsp;pogledu funkcionalnosti postavljene pred sistem predstavlja potvrdu praktične vrednosti predloženog modela.</p> / <p>Access control is concerned with the way in which users can access to&nbsp;resources in the computer system. This dissertation focuses on problems of access control for business processes. The subject of the dissertation is a formal specification of the RBAC-based context sensitive access control model for business processes. By using a context-sensitive&nbsp;access control it is possible to define more complex access control policies whose implementation in existing access control models for business processes is not possible or is very complicated. The given model is&nbsp;applicable in diferent business systems, and supports the definition of&nbsp;access control policies for both simple and complex business processes.&nbsp;The model&#39;s prototype is verified by two case studies on real business&nbsp;processes. The presented prototype implementation represents a proof&nbsp;of the proposed model&#39;s practical value.</p>

Notas sobre o deserto: extensão e transbordamento como articuladores espaço-temporais é uma refl exão que trata de uma pesquisa em poéticas visuais, investigando principalmente alguns trabalhos realizados a partir de 2011, nas linguagens de vídeo, performance, objeto, fotografi a e instalação. Esta tese articula-se a partir da percepção de um contexto que se coloca diante das escolhas plásticas, em aspectos recorrentes que ressignifi cam o corpo e a casa, principalmente a partir do que é estabelecido como limite ou apropriado. Três autores são fundamentais para este trabalho, criando situações de diálogo e espelhamento. Vitor Ramil e a percepção de uma paisagem que permite a experiência do vazio, bem como aspectos de impregnação revelados quase sempre por uma atmosfera úmida, onde os contornos podem ser desfeitos. Samuel Beckett e um sujeito que se apresenta também enquanto coisa, aguçando a compreensão de aspectos estruturais do corpo, suas atividades ou imobilidades. E ainda, Nuno Ramos, em sua abundância plástica, redefi nindo o tempo todo a materialidade do mundo a partir de sua produção literária e visual. O texto foi escrito e organizado tendo como base os próprios trabalhos, que defi niram em seu número a quantidade de Notas (textos curtos ao invés de capítulos) a serem discutidas. Estes pensadores aparecem nas Notas brevemente e entrecortando-as enquanto Recuos, como textos um pouco maiores, que amparam a refl exão aqui construída. As Notas e os Recuos foram propostos como textos articuláveis que, apesar da ordenação indicada pelo sumário, podem ser remanejados em sua individualidade. / Notes on the desert: extension and overfl ow as spatiotemporal articulators is a refl ection upon a visual poetics research, mainly investigating some works done starting on 2011, concerning the video, performance, object, photography and installation languages. This thesis is structured from the perception of a context that is placed on the plastic choices, on recurring aspects that resignify the body and the house, mainly over what’s stablished as a limit or appropriate. Three authors are critic to this work, creating dialog and mirroring situations. Vitor Ramil and the perception of a ladscape that allows the experience of emptiness, as well as aspects of impregnation revealed almost always from a moist atmosphere, where the contours can be undone. Samuel Beckett and a man who presents himself also as a thing, sharpening the understanding of structural aspects of the body, its activities or imobilities. And yet, Nuno Ramos, in its plastic abundancy, resetting the whole time the materiality of the world from his literary and visual production. The text was written and organized based on the works that defi ned the amount of Notes (short texts instead of chapters) to be discussed. These thinkers appear in Notes briefl y and also intersected as Setbacks, slightly larger texts which give support to the refl ection built here. The Notes and Setbacks have been proposed as articulated texts that, despite its indicated order in the summary, can be relocated in their individuality.

<p>Knock is a phenomenon that limits how effciently an engine can operate. Severe knock is harmful to the engine and must therefore be avoided. Controlling the knock intensity is complicated by a phenomenon called cycle to cycle variations. Because of these variations, the knock intensity must be considered a stochastic variable and the control is made on a mean value from a large number of cycles. </p><p>The SVC (Saab Variable Compression) concept adds the compression ratio as an extra degree of freedom. At Vehicular systems, research is done on how to put this additional variable to its best use. </p><p>A controller is developed that control the engine to a desired knock intensity and torque, using the ignition angle and the pedal position. The controller is implemented as two separate controllers in Matlab and Simulink. These are merged together with a Stateflow chart. A confidence interval calculation is implemented for the mean value of the knock intensity. A program is also developed to process a large number of operating points and make measurements in all of them. </p><p>The conclusion is that the basic construction of the controller and the script are fi;lling their functions but that there are some improvements left to be done. The controller is rather slow and the calculations of the confi;dence interval needs further refi;nement.</p>

Knock is a phenomenon that limits how effciently an engine can operate. Severe knock is harmful to the engine and must therefore be avoided. Controlling the knock intensity is complicated by a phenomenon called cycle to cycle variations. Because of these variations, the knock intensity must be considered a stochastic variable and the control is made on a mean value from a large number of cycles. The SVC (Saab Variable Compression) concept adds the compression ratio as an extra degree of freedom. At Vehicular systems, research is done on how to put this additional variable to its best use. A controller is developed that control the engine to a desired knock intensity and torque, using the ignition angle and the pedal position. The controller is implemented as two separate controllers in Matlab and Simulink. These are merged together with a Stateflow chart. A confidence interval calculation is implemented for the mean value of the knock intensity. A program is also developed to process a large number of operating points and make measurements in all of them. The conclusion is that the basic construction of the controller and the script are fi;lling their functions but that there are some improvements left to be done. The controller is rather slow and the calculations of the confi;dence interval needs further refi;nement.

A model of a gas turbine blade cooling channel equipped with turbulators and a backward facing step geometry was examined. Up to four turbulators oriented cross-stream and inclined 45° to the flow direction were mounted in the channel. The blockage ratio b/H of the turbulators and the height h/H of the backward facing step was 0:125 and 0:14 respectively. The number of turbulators as well as their size was varied. In a preliminary investigation, hot-wire and pressure measurements were taken for three different Reynolds numbers (5,000, 12,000, 18,000)in the center plane of the test section. Subsequently, particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made on the same geometries. Results of PIV measurements for a Reynolds number range of Reb=600 to 5,000 for the turbulators and Reh=1,500 to 16,200 for the backward facing step are presented, where Reynolds numbers are based on turbulator height b and step height h, respectively. Plots of the velocity field, vorticity, reverse flow probability and RMS velocity are shown. The focus is on the steady flow behavior but also the unsteadiness of the flow is discussed in one section. Also reattachment lengths were obtained and compared among the various turbulator arrangements and the backward facing step geometry. It was found that the flow becomes periodic after three or four ribs. For one turbulator, a very large separation region was observed. The magnitude of the skin friction factor was found to be the highest for two ribs. If the first rib is replaced by a smaller rib, the skin friction factor becomes the lowest for this case. Compared to the backward facing step, the flow reattaches earlier for multiple turbulators. A dependency of reattachment length on Reynolds number was not observed.

Notas sobre o deserto: extensão e transbordamento como articuladores espaço-temporais é uma refl exão que trata de uma pesquisa em poéticas visuais, investigando principalmente alguns trabalhos realizados a partir de 2011, nas linguagens de vídeo, performance, objeto, fotografi a e instalação. Esta tese articula-se a partir da percepção de um contexto que se coloca diante das escolhas plásticas, em aspectos recorrentes que ressignifi cam o corpo e a casa, principalmente a partir do que é estabelecido como limite ou apropriado. Três autores são fundamentais para este trabalho, criando situações de diálogo e espelhamento. Vitor Ramil e a percepção de uma paisagem que permite a experiência do vazio, bem como aspectos de impregnação revelados quase sempre por uma atmosfera úmida, onde os contornos podem ser desfeitos. Samuel Beckett e um sujeito que se apresenta também enquanto coisa, aguçando a compreensão de aspectos estruturais do corpo, suas atividades ou imobilidades. E ainda, Nuno Ramos, em sua abundância plástica, redefi nindo o tempo todo a materialidade do mundo a partir de sua produção literária e visual. O texto foi escrito e organizado tendo como base os próprios trabalhos, que defi niram em seu número a quantidade de Notas (textos curtos ao invés de capítulos) a serem discutidas. Estes pensadores aparecem nas Notas brevemente e entrecortando-as enquanto Recuos, como textos um pouco maiores, que amparam a refl exão aqui construída. As Notas e os Recuos foram propostos como textos articuláveis que, apesar da ordenação indicada pelo sumário, podem ser remanejados em sua individualidade. / Notes on the desert: extension and overfl ow as spatiotemporal articulators is a refl ection upon a visual poetics research, mainly investigating some works done starting on 2011, concerning the video, performance, object, photography and installation languages. This thesis is structured from the perception of a context that is placed on the plastic choices, on recurring aspects that resignify the body and the house, mainly over what’s stablished as a limit or appropriate. Three authors are critic to this work, creating dialog and mirroring situations. Vitor Ramil and the perception of a ladscape that allows the experience of emptiness, as well as aspects of impregnation revealed almost always from a moist atmosphere, where the contours can be undone. Samuel Beckett and a man who presents himself also as a thing, sharpening the understanding of structural aspects of the body, its activities or imobilities. And yet, Nuno Ramos, in its plastic abundancy, resetting the whole time the materiality of the world from his literary and visual production. The text was written and organized based on the works that defi ned the amount of Notes (short texts instead of chapters) to be discussed. These thinkers appear in Notes briefl y and also intersected as Setbacks, slightly larger texts which give support to the refl ection built here. The Notes and Setbacks have been proposed as articulated texts that, despite its indicated order in the summary, can be relocated in their individuality.

Notas sobre o deserto: extensão e transbordamento como articuladores espaço-temporais é uma refl exão que trata de uma pesquisa em poéticas visuais, investigando principalmente alguns trabalhos realizados a partir de 2011, nas linguagens de vídeo, performance, objeto, fotografi a e instalação. Esta tese articula-se a partir da percepção de um contexto que se coloca diante das escolhas plásticas, em aspectos recorrentes que ressignifi cam o corpo e a casa, principalmente a partir do que é estabelecido como limite ou apropriado. Três autores são fundamentais para este trabalho, criando situações de diálogo e espelhamento. Vitor Ramil e a percepção de uma paisagem que permite a experiência do vazio, bem como aspectos de impregnação revelados quase sempre por uma atmosfera úmida, onde os contornos podem ser desfeitos. Samuel Beckett e um sujeito que se apresenta também enquanto coisa, aguçando a compreensão de aspectos estruturais do corpo, suas atividades ou imobilidades. E ainda, Nuno Ramos, em sua abundância plástica, redefi nindo o tempo todo a materialidade do mundo a partir de sua produção literária e visual. O texto foi escrito e organizado tendo como base os próprios trabalhos, que defi niram em seu número a quantidade de Notas (textos curtos ao invés de capítulos) a serem discutidas. Estes pensadores aparecem nas Notas brevemente e entrecortando-as enquanto Recuos, como textos um pouco maiores, que amparam a refl exão aqui construída. As Notas e os Recuos foram propostos como textos articuláveis que, apesar da ordenação indicada pelo sumário, podem ser remanejados em sua individualidade. / Notes on the desert: extension and overfl ow as spatiotemporal articulators is a refl ection upon a visual poetics research, mainly investigating some works done starting on 2011, concerning the video, performance, object, photography and installation languages. This thesis is structured from the perception of a context that is placed on the plastic choices, on recurring aspects that resignify the body and the house, mainly over what’s stablished as a limit or appropriate. Three authors are critic to this work, creating dialog and mirroring situations. Vitor Ramil and the perception of a ladscape that allows the experience of emptiness, as well as aspects of impregnation revealed almost always from a moist atmosphere, where the contours can be undone. Samuel Beckett and a man who presents himself also as a thing, sharpening the understanding of structural aspects of the body, its activities or imobilities. And yet, Nuno Ramos, in its plastic abundancy, resetting the whole time the materiality of the world from his literary and visual production. The text was written and organized based on the works that defi ned the amount of Notes (short texts instead of chapters) to be discussed. These thinkers appear in Notes briefl y and also intersected as Setbacks, slightly larger texts which give support to the refl ection built here. The Notes and Setbacks have been proposed as articulated texts that, despite its indicated order in the summary, can be relocated in their individuality.

In this work, it is presented the multiple objective networkflow problems. This kind of problem is converted into singleo bjective problem and solved by using the primal dual interior point method. The linear system associated to the interior point method is solved by using the Cholesky decomposition, implemented in MATLAB code. Networks of different dimensions are constructed and the computational results show the efficiency of the mentioned interior point method for solving multiple objective network flow problems.

In laboratory work and working with Biotage’s Selekt Enkel chromatography system, it is common that operators are exposed to harmful and bad-smelling solvents gases. These are common issues that Biotage wants the students to solve. For this thesis work, the mission and task is to propose the best possible design of a Fume Cover that can remove or at least reduce those certain issues. To understand and gain the necessary knowledge, different data-gathering methods like workshops with staff and an extensive literature study of solvents and materials helped to establish a good design framework. Three concepts were built as 3D – models. The concept of Pugh’s iterative improvement method was used to produce an even better concept than the previous three. The chosen concept was iteratively improved for manufacturing and tested in an airflow experiment with carbon dioxide ice determining the optimal design. The conclusion is that it is possible to design a fume cover to reduce the solvent gas exposure, but further testing with light solvent gases and redesign will be required.