Global ETD Search

1	The strain effect on CMR thin films Yuan, Feng-Ping 19 September 2007 (has links) The strain effect on La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 and La0.8Ba0.2MnO3 thin films on SrTiO3 (001) substrate with different thicknesses has been studied by X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), which can reveal the details of the coupling between cations and anions. The strain may suppress the TC of LCMO films while enhancing that of LBMO films. The theoretical calculation results suggest the unoccupied states of the third structure of XANES are formed by much more complex hybridization of O 2p to Mn 4sp, La 6s and (Ca 4sp or Ba 6sp) orbitals. The change of the absorption intensity of the second and third structures is compatible to the TC change of both films due to the strain effect. This strongly suggests that the strain effect on LCMO and LBMO thin films is mainly associated with the bonding situation between O and La(Ca or Ba) ions. LaBaMnO LaCaMnO strain effect PDOS XAS XANES
2	Investigating the Modification of Spontaneous Emission using Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly Ashry, Islam Ahmed Ibrahim Youssef 04 February 2013 (has links) The process of spontaneous emission can be dramatically modified by optical micro- and nanostructures. We studied the modification of fluorescence dynamics using a polymer spacer layer fabricated through layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. The advantages of this method are numerous: The self-assembled spacers can possess exceptional smooth surface morphology; The thickness of the spacer can be controlled with nanometer accuracy; And depending on fabrication conditions, the spacer layer is stimuli responsive and its thickness can be dynamically tuned. This thesis contains three interlinked components. First, we vary LbL spacer layer thickness and explore the change in fluorescence lifetime induced by the modified photonic density of states (PDOS), i.e., Purcell effects. Our experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions based on a classical dipole model, which also yields consistent values for the fluorophores' intrinsic fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield near a dielectric as well as a plasmonic interface. Based on this observation, we further demonstrate that self-assembled fluorophores can be used to probe the modified PDOS near optical micro- and nano-structures. These results naturally lead to the second component of our research. In particularly, based on the PDOS-induced changes in fluorescent lifetime, we develop a non-contact method that can measure morphological changes with nanoscale resolution. Our method relies on quantitatively linking fluorophore position with PDOS, and is validated through direct comparison with ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. To demonstrate the potential application of this method, we investigated the swelling/deswelling of LbL films induced by pH changes. Our results indicate significant difference between a LbL film composed of a single polymer monolayer and a LbL film with 3 monolayers. Such stimuli-responsive polymers can be used to construct active and tunable plasmonic nano-devices. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we experimentally confirm that it is possible to utilize the swelling/deswelling behavior of stimuli-responsive films to dynamically control the separation between Au nanoparticles and Texas Red (TR) dyes. This result is based on the strong correlation of TR fluorescence lifetime and nanoparticles-TR separation. Finally, we investigate the impact of different lithography processes on the fluorescence properties of self-assembled fluorophores. We consider three methods: direct fluorophore patterning through ultraviolet (UV) ablation, focused ion beam (FIB) milling of self-assembled fluorophores, and self-assembly of fluorescent materials over plasmonic nano-patterns. / Ph. D. Spontaneous Emission Fluorescence Lifetime Photonic Density of States (PDOS) Plasmonic Structures Self-Assembly Patterning
3	Valence Band Properties of the Ruthenium Complex Catalyst Using Ab Initio Theory Svensson, Pamela H.W. January 2018 (has links) Ruthenium complexes has been geometrically optimized with different combinations of basis sets. Using single point calculation, the Density of States and partial Density of States has been calculated. RuIII-OH2 experienced a shift towards higher binding energies. The Ru atom plays a vast role in the contribution to the HOMO level of each complex, dominating in RuII-OH2. The nitrogen atom gives a small contribution for each complex in the HOMO region except for RuII-OH2 where it only appears at higher binding energies. The energy difference between RuII-OH2 and RuIII-OH/RuIV-O is about 1.1 eV whereas it experimentally is shown to be around 1.5 eV for the same complexes. Valence Band Properties of the Ruthenium Complex Catalyst Using Ab Initio Theory DFT DOS pDOS Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
4	Everything you wanted to know about the TPA molecule adsorbed on Au(111) Svensson, Pamela H.W. January 2020 (has links) The electronic properties of Triphenylamine (TPA) in gas phase and adsorbed on gold(111) have been simulated with Quantum Espresso using Density Functional Theory (DFT). To better understand how the presence of a gold surface affects sunlight absorption in the system, partial Density Of States (pDOS) and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) of the system have been calculated. To describe the electronic excitation, three different methods have been used, No Core Hole (NCH), Full Core Hole (FCH) and Half Core Hole (HCH) approximation. The excitation of the TPA molecule was made in the nitrogen (N) atom and in the four different carbon (C) atoms with different electronic environments, C-ipso, C-ortho, C-meta and C-para. When using the HCH method, the absorbing atom must be described by a pseudopotential (PP) which includes half of a hole in the 1s orbital. This PP has been generated and a detailed summary of the process is described. The TPA/gold system relaxes to a position with the central N atom of TPA above an gold (Au) atom in the second layer of the surface and at a distance of 3.66 Angstrom, to the first layer. TPA keeps its symmetry with only small differences in the length of atomic bonds when adsorbed. The most striking result of this study is how the band gap of TPA is affected by the gold layer. From the pDOS we can observe that TPA in gas phase has a clear band gap of 2.2 eV with C-ortho dominating in the valence region and the four carbons dominating in the first unoccupied states. When depositing the molecule on the surface of Au(111), the band gap is essentially gone and a number of states appear between the previous highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital in TPA. These new states align in energy with three clusters of states of the gold suggesting an interaction between the molecule and the surface. In the generated NEXAFS of nitrogen and carbon in TPA gas phase, one can observe a small pre-peak before the first unoccupied state. This is reinforced when adsorbing the molecule, which generates a pre-peak of approximately 3 eV in width. The pre-peak is connected to the new peaks seen in pDOS, correlating with experimental results on the same system. Everything you wanted to know about TPA molecule adsrobed on Au Au(111) Triphenylamin Triphenylamine DFT Quantum Espresso QE Generating Pseudopotentials NEXAFS DOS PDOS simulations organic solar cell perovskite HTM HCH NCH FCH PP geometry optimization Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics Atom- och molekylfysik och optik
5	Cobalt porphyrins on coinage metal surfaces - adsorption and template properties / Porphyrine de cobalt dans surfaces métalliques - propriété d’adsorption et de template Houwaart, Torsten 08 July 2014 (has links) Cette thèse est une étude théorique sur la interface de porphyrine de cobalt avec des surfaces métalliques avec le code VASP DFT. Le cadre DFT nécessaire a été introduit dans le chapitre 1. La structure de la jBardeen, une programme ecrit en Java, pour la simulation de la STM est expliqué dans le chapitre 2 et le code source est jointe en annexe. Une étude de l'adsorption de CoTPP sur les surfaces métalliques a été entrepris dans le chapitre 3. Différents paramètres de calcul ont été évalués: Le site d'adsorption et de la géométrie à la fois la molécule et la surface ont été étudiés par rapport à la xc-fonctionnel et correction de la dispersion utilisée. Une adsorption site le plus stable est identifié. Par conséquent, ce site plus stable a été étudiée pour sa structure électronique. Calculés images STM avec le code jBardeen ont été comparés avec une experimentation de CoTPP Cu sur une surface (111) avec une couverture sous monocouche. Dans le chapitre 4, un adatome Fe a été présenté à la CoTPP sur Ag système (111). Trois sites de liaison symétrique différentes pour l'atome Fe ont été identifiés sur le macrocycle, marqué les , bi-, brd- et bru-positions. Un moment magnétique pouvait être attestée qui a été principalement situé sur l'atome Fe. Voies possibles entre les quatre, symétriquement équivalentes, sites bi- ont été étudiées avec des méthodes différentes. Simples calculs dans le vacuum et calculs de la “Nudged Elastic Band” (NEB) de l'ensemble du système a révélé une hauteur de barrière légèrement au-dessus de 0,2 eV allant de position bi à la posititon brd. Une analyse de vibration a montré que la commutation de l'atome Fe est susceptible, lorsqu'il est perturbé hors d'équilibre dans les positions brd et bru. / This thesis is a theoretical study on the cobalt porphyrin - coinage metal surface interface with the DFT code VASP. The necessary DFT framework has been introduced in chapter 1. The structure of the Java program jBardeen for STM simulation is explained in chapter 2 and the source code is attached as Appendix. A study of the adsorption of CoTPP on coinage metal surfaces has been undertaken in chapter 3. Different parameters of the calculation have been evaluated: the adsorption site and the geometry of both the molecule and surface have been investigated with respect to the xc-functional and dispersion correction used. A most stable adsorption site -bridge down- is identified. Consequently, this most stable site was investigated for its electronic structure. Calculated STM images with the jBardeen code were compared with an experiment of CoTPP on a Cu(111) surface with sub monolayer coverage. In chapter 4 an Fe adatom was introduced to the CoTPP on Ag(111) system. Three symmetrically different binding sites for the Fe atom were identified on the macrocycle, labelled the bi-, brd- and bru-positions for bisector, bridge down and bridge up respectively. A magnetic moment could be evidenced which was mainly located on the Fe atom. Possible pathways between the four symmetrically equivalent bisector sites were investigated with different methods. Single point calculations in vacuum and Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) of the whole system revealed a barrier height of slightly above 0.2 eV going from bi- to the brd-position. A vibrational analysis showed that switching of the Fe atom is likely, when perturbed out of equilibrium in the brd- and bru- positions. Porphyrine de Cobalt CoTPP Pophyrine Microscope à effet tunnel STM DFT Surfaces métalliques Adsorption Templates Étude théorique Interface métal molécule VASP JBardeen Programme Java Site d'adsorption Géométrie d'adsorption Correction de dispersion Xc-fonctionnel D2 Grimmes potentiel Grimmes D2 Structure électronique Cu(111) Ag(111) Fe adatome Site de liaison Moment magnétique Couplage magnétique Dynamique de commutation NEB Analyse de vibration Analyse de charge Bader PDOS Cobalt-Tetra-Phenyl-Porphyrin CoTPP Porphyrins Scanning Tunneling Microscopy STM Density Functional Theory DFT Coinage metal surfaces Adsorption Templating Theoretical study Molecule metal interface VASP JBardeen Java program Adsorption site Adsorption geometry Xc-functional Dispersion correction D2 Grimmes potential Grimmes D2 Electronic structure Cu(111) Ag(111) Fe adatom Binding site Magnetic moment Magnetic coupling Switching dynamics NEB Nudged Elastic Band Vibrational analysis Bader charge analysis PDOS Projected Density of States

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