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This degree project is a scientific study where the focus is to formulate a method of how to compare Single-Page Application (SPA) frameworks written in JavaScript. To solve the problem, an abstraction of SPA frameworks is required. This abstraction is completed using a criteria-based approach. Criteria are collected from literature and interviews with experienced developers. Every criterion is defined and has a set of questions evaluating it. In addition to the abstraction concepts are extracted from other comparative methods, such as performance testing and code comparison. The method is evolved into two separate parts, a theoretical and a practical. Finally, the method is tested on three different frameworks, AngularJS, Angular 2 and React, by implementing a prototype for each framework. From this prototype, code comparison and performance tests are conducted and evaluated. According to the method, AngularJS is suggested to be the best choice. However, the majority of the results from the theoretical part were more or less identical whereas practical part showed more differences. For future reference, this method could be evaluated to other comparative methods or be extended with more criteria and questions. / Detta examensarbete är en vetenskaplig studie där fokus är att formulera en metod för hur man kan jämföra ramverk för single-page-applikationer (SPA) skrivna i JavaScript. För att lösa problemet, behövs en abstraktion av SPA-ramverk. Denna abstraktion använder sig av ett kriterium baserat tillvägagångssätt. Kriterier samlas in från litteratur och intervjuer med erfarna utvecklare. Varje kriterium definieras och har en uppsättning frågor som utvärderar det. Förutom abstraktionen extraheras koncept från andra komparativa metoder, såsom prestandatestning och kod jämförelse. Metoden utvecklades i två separata delar, en teoretisk och en praktisk. Slutligen testas metoden på tre olika ramverk, AngularJS, Angular 2 och React genom att implementera en prototyp för varje ramverk. Från denna prototyp kan kod jämförelser och prestandatester genomföras och utvärderas. Resultatet visar att AngularJS är det bästa valet. Men de flesta av resultaten från den teoretiska delen var mer eller mindre identiska medan den praktiska delen visade fler skillnader. För framtida utveckling, kan denna metod utvärderas med andra jämförbara metoder eller utökas med flera kriterier och frågor.

M.S.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia_Paro.pdf: 402899 bytes, checksum: cb9972fdc35b447bcb1020e13a07782b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-08 / Fundação Araucária / The wheat is a species of great importance in human nutrition, wheat grain is extracted from wheat flour used in the preparation of various food products. The rheological properties of wheat flour is a feature that determines the fate of the flour, being of great importance to this assessment. In breeding programs for wheat determining the quality of flour is essential for the development of cultivars, and it is necessary that the reading of the quality parameters are carried out early, with the use of small amounts of sample, reliable and the level of genotype. The development of this work aimed at the validation of molecular markers for selection of genotypes from high molecular weight glutenin, given their great influence on baking quality of wheat flour and check the correlation between parameters of quality of flour and the high molecular weight glutenin. Analyses were performed in the laboratory of biotechnology COODETEC using 77 samples of wheat (cultivars and lines) from program for wheat breeding of the institution, with data quality technology of wheat flour has characterized. The set of primers called Glu1-DX2-DX5 was used to select individuals that contained subunits Glu1-DX5 + Dy10 by PCR, nevertheless was necessary to make adjustments so that the marker amplified a fragment corresponding to allele Glu1-DX5. To check the reliability of molecular marker, all samples were characterized by electrophoresis of proteins by SDS-PAGE method and scores as a function of the subunits of glutenin high molecular weight they have. The results of the analysis of protein and molecular differ, indicating that the use of molecular markers should be used with any control in the PCR reaction. From the data collected and the quality of flour, the results were submitted to Pearson correlation analysis. It appears that the score of the protein is positively correlated with W, P and P / L, indicating that the composition of glutenin high molecular weight have significant influence on quality of wheat flour. Alleles Glu1-DX5 and the subunits of the A genome are positively correlated with protein scores and consequently with the wheat breadmaking. The allelic variants of the A genome were positively correlated with W and P. From the results it is concluded that the selection of genotypes with superior quality of flour can be made taking into account the high molecular weight glutenin encoded by the A and D genomes of wheat / O trigo é uma espécie de grande importância na alimentação humana, de seus grãos é extraída a farinha de trigo utilizada no preparo de diversos produtos alimentícios. As propriedades reológicas da farinha de trigo são características que determinam o destino final da farinha, sendo de grande importância a sua avaliação. Em programas de melhoramento genético do trigo a determinação da qualidade de farinha é indispensável para o desenvolvimento de cultivares, e é necessário que a leitura dos parâmetros de qualidade sejam realizados precocemente, com a utilização de pouca quantidade de amostra, confiáveis e a nível de genótipo. Este trabalho teve por objetivo a validação de marcadores moleculares para a seleção de genótipos a partir de gluteninas de alta massa molecular, visto que apresentam grande influencia na qualidade de panificação da farinha de trigo e verificar a correlação existente entre parâmetros de qualidade de farinha e as gluteninas de alta massa molecular. As análises foram realizadas no laboratório de biotecnologia da COODETEC utilizando 77 amostras de trigo (linhagens e cultivares) provenientes do programa de melhoramento genético de trigo da instituição, com dados de qualidade tecnológica da farinha de trigo já caracterizados. O conjunto de primers denominados Glu1-Dx5-Dx2 foi utilizado para selecionar indivíduos que continham o conjunto de subunidades Glu1-Dx5+Dy10 através da técnica de PCR, porém foram necessário ajustes para que o marcador amplificasse o fragmento correspondente ao alelo Glu1-Dx5. Para verificar a confiabilidade do marcador molecular todas as amostras foram caracterizadas através de eletroforese de proteínas pelo método SDS-PAGE, e escoreadas em função das subunidades de gluteninas de alta massa molecular que apresentam. Os resultados entre a análise de proteína e molecular apontam divergências, indicando que para a utilização do marcador molecular deve ser utilizada com algum controle na reação de PCR. A partir dos dados coletados e os de qualidade de farinha os resultados foram submetidos a análise de correlação de Pearson. Verifica-se que o escore de proteína é positivamente correlacionado com W, P e P/L, indicando que a composição de gluteninas de alta massa molecular apresentam influencia significativa na qualidade de farinha de trigo. Os alelos Glu1-Dx5 e as subunidades do genoma A estão positivamente correlacionados com escore de proteína e conseqüentemente com a qualidade e panificação do trigo. Os variantes alélicos do genoma A foram positivamente correlacionados com W e P. A partir dos resultados conclui-se que a seleção de genótipos de trigo com qualidade superior de farinha podem ser realizados levando em consideração as gluteninas de alta massa molecular codificadas pelos genomas A e D do trigo

The library profession is now heavily involved in providing access to information through library web sites and it is a challenge to design a web site that has reliable content and a user interface that is intuitive to those who use it. As web accessibility and usability are major issues in the design of library Web sites, this paper suggests that the design will be most successful when a usability analysis tool is used throughout the design and redesign of academic library web sites. The research drew on the literature of Human-computer Interaction and usability engineering examining best practice usability and accessibility design guidelines. It identified those guidelines that were relevant to academic library web sites. In order to establish the extent to which Australian academic library web sites met usability guidelines a usability analysis tool was developed and used to evaluate a randomly selected sample of web sites. The web sites were categorised under higher education institutional archetypes as suggested by DETYA (1998) and the results were discussed in light of these groups. The research found that there was no correlation of the usability of the web sites between the archetypes. In fact the pattern of usability was randomly distributed across all institutions, with the best and worst results appearing in each archetypical category. The study concluded that the web has provided a whole new start for all institutions and after examining the results, it suggested that the design of early web sites was not based on the size or the past history of the institution that it belonged to, but rather reflected those factors, already established in the literature, that faced library web managers at that time, when designing the library web page.

<p>Obesity is a globally increasing disease particularly in developing countries and among children. It is mainly caused by intake of diets high in fat and the lack of physical activity. Obesity is a risk factor for diseases such as type II diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and certain cancers. Prediabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels are above normal but have not&nbsp / reached those of diabetes. It is difficult to diagnose, as there are no signs or symptoms. Some type II diabetes patients bear no symptoms at all and the disease is discovered late. Proteomics is a field that can provide opportunities for early diagnosis of diseases through biomarker discovery. The early diagnosis of diabetes can assist in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Therefore there is a need for the early diagnosis of diabetes. Twenty Wistar rats were used. The rats were initially fed a CHOW diet, which is the standard balanced diet for rats, for 4 weeks. The rats were then divided into 2 groups of 10 where 1 group was fed CHOW and another was fed a high fat (HF) diet in order to induce obesity. The two groups were fed their respective diets for 18 weeks. Rats were weighed. Rats were placed in metabolic chambers and 24 hour urine samples were collected. Ketone levels were measured by Ketostix. Urine proteins were precipitated by acetone, quantified and separated on both the 1D SDS-PAGE and the 2D SDS-PAGE. Protein expression changes between CHOW and HF fed rats were determined and identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Protein spots intensities increased and decreased between the CHOW and HF fed rats. Transducin (beta)-like 3 was identified as the only differentially expressed protein, which might serve as a potential biomarker for prediabetes.</p>

<p>Obesity is a globally increasing disease particularly in developing countries and among children. It is mainly caused by intake of diets high in fat and the lack of physical activity. Obesity is a risk factor for diseases such as type II diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and certain cancers. Prediabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels are above normal but have not&nbsp / reached those of diabetes. It is difficult to diagnose, as there are no signs or symptoms. Some type II diabetes patients bear no symptoms at all and the disease is discovered late. Proteomics is a field that can provide opportunities for early diagnosis of diseases through biomarker discovery. The early diagnosis of diabetes can assist in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Therefore there is a need for the early diagnosis of diabetes. Twenty Wistar rats were used. The rats were initially fed a CHOW diet, which is the standard balanced diet for rats, for 4 weeks. The rats were then divided into 2 groups of 10 where 1 group was fed CHOW and another was fed a high fat (HF) diet in order to induce obesity. The two groups were fed their respective diets for 18 weeks. Rats were weighed. Rats were placed in metabolic chambers and 24 hour urine samples were collected. Ketone levels were measured by Ketostix. Urine proteins were precipitated by acetone, quantified and separated on both the 1D SDS-PAGE and the 2D SDS-PAGE. Protein expression changes between CHOW and HF fed rats were determined and identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Protein spots intensities increased and decreased between the CHOW and HF fed rats. Transducin (beta)-like 3 was identified as the only differentially expressed protein, which might serve as a potential biomarker for prediabetes.</p>

In this study, a halophilic archaea Halobacterium salinarium TG13 which is isolated from Tuz Lake in Central Anatolia was characterized biochemically and genetically. Halobacterium salinarium DSM3754 and Halobacterium salinarium S9 strains were used as a reference strain through the experiments. In biochemical characterization / total protein profiles of strains was compared by using 1D SDS PAGE. Total protein profile of the isolated strain has shown differences. The SDS-PAGE profile of the purified purple membrane showed only single band by coomassie staining. Molecular weight and pI values of the protein isolated from Halobacterium salinarium TG13 and Halobacterium salinarium S9 were estimated by 2D SDS-PAGE as 22 kD and 5.4, respectively. Photoactivity of purple membrane of the strains was investigated. pH change of the purple membranes were observed upon illumination. This protein might be corresponded to bacteriorhodopsin. In genetical characterization / polymorphism of genomic DNA of strains was scanned with RAPD-PCR. Plasmid DNA profiles of strains was determined to make use of RFLP technique. RAPD-PCR and RFLP analyses have shown that Halobacterium salinarium TG13 is different strain from reference Halobacterium salinarium strains (H.s. S9 and H.s. DSM3754).