This longitudinal study examined the association between parents’ early and concurrent gender ideology and gendered behaviors and their children’s gender-role attitudes at age six. Specifically, parents' global beliefs about women's and men's "rightful" roles in society, as well as their work preferences for mothers, were considered in relation to the gender-role attitudes held by their first-graders. In addition, parents’ gendered behaviors, including their division of household and childcare tasks, division of paid work hours, and job traditionality were examined as predictors of children’s gender-role attitudes. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized parents’ early and concurrent behavior and ideology would predict children’s gender-role attitudes in unique ways, and that overall, parents' behavior would be more influential than their ideology in the development of their children's understanding of gender roles. It was also hypothesized that fathers’ ideologies would be more closely related to sons’ attitudes than daughters’ attitueds. Partial support was found for these hypotheses, and findings varied across three measures of children’s gender-role attitudes. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the relationships between both mothers’ and fathers’ gender ideology and gendered behavior with children’s gender-role attitudes from a longitudinal perspective. Findings from the current study will fill gaps in the literature on children’s gender development in the context of the family, and offer the benefit of a longitudinal exploration of the relationship between parents’ gender ideologies, gendered behavior, and children’s gender-role attitudes. Several limitations, including those related to the nature of the sample, are addressed.

Introduction : En situation anxiogène comme une chirurgie d’un jour, les enfants accordent une attention importante aux comportements qu’adoptent leurs parents. Objectif : L’objectif de cette analyse secondaire était d’explorer la relation entre les comportements des parents et ceux des enfants en salle de réveil à la suite d’une chirurgie d'un jour. Méthodologie : À l’aide d’un devis de recherche descriptif corrélationnel, soixante-et-onze dyades parent-enfant ont été observées à l’aide d’une caméra vidéo en salle de réveil. Tous les comportements manifestés ont été codifiés à l’aide du Child Behavior Coding System-PACU. Des tests de corrélations Pearson /Spearman et Poisson ont été menés à l'aide de SPSS. Résultats : Une forte corrélation significative et positive a été obtenue entre l’humour procédural des parents et la demande d’information, un discours non relié à la procédure, un discours relié à la procédure et un affect positif chez l’enfant. Conclusion : Les parents et les enfants pourraient bénéficier d’une préparation péri-opératoire centrée sur la parentalité bidirectionnelle et d’un accompagnement de l’équipe soignante en salle de réveil.