Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:38:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RONALDO DE CASTRO CORREA.pdf: 1467426 bytes, checksum: a5e2b011297c7075c278d2dfd4502c98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-23 / Cellular automata are discrete dynamic systems that by local action rules, even very simple, can present arbitrarily complex global processing. The reversibility is a property that a few rules have and guarantees the existence of an inverse rule capable of reversing the temporal evolution of the original rule. For a rule be reversible all possible configurations of lattices must have only one predecessor, i.e., only one pre-image. In this context, it had been proposed in the literature the concept of rules may be characterized by its relative partial reversibility, that is, rules can be more or less reversible than others. This notion is represented by the rule pre-image pattern, which is composed of the quantities ordered pre-images of all the possible configurations of lattices up to a maximum size. To sort the rules of the reversible for less reversible, or group them if they had the same reversibility was made lexicographical ordering patterns of pre-images. This paper reviewed the original definition, based on elementary cellular automata, although the results are applicable to any other one-dimensional family rules. Thus, proposed it was a measure of the reversibility level of a rule, also based on its default pre-image, but now from the probability of correctly reverse each possible configurations of lattices up to a given maximum size. This measure allows us to analyze the degree of reversibility of a rule in absolute terms and not relative to other rules. Thus, it becomes possible to individually analyze the reversibility levels of rules, making it possible to infer the degree of rules reversible for lattices arbitrarily larger than calculated, in particular, identifying rules that tend to be reversible when the size of the lattices tends to infinity. It was also possible to define an operation that, from their own state transitions rule, allows to obtain partially rules that have the same level of reversibility without the need of standard calculating preview image, which is extremely expensive computationally. / Autômatos celulares são sistemas dinâmicos discretos que, por meio de regras de ação local, até mesmo muito simples, podem apresentar processamento global arbitrariamente complexo. A reversibilidade é uma propriedade que poucas regras possuem e que garante a existência de uma regra inversa capaz de reverter a evolução temporal da regra original. Para uma regra ser reversível, todas as configurações possíveis de reticulado devem possuir somente uma única configuração antecessora, ou seja, uma única pré-imagem. Nesse contexto, havia sido proposto na literatura o conceito de regras poderem ser caracterizadas por sua reversibilidade parcial relativa, ou seja, regras poderem ser mais ou menos reversíveis que outras. Essa noção é representada por meio do padrão de pré-imagem da regra, que é composto pelas quantidades ordenadas de pré-imagens de todas as configurações possíveis de reticulado, até um tamanho máximo. Para classificar as regras das mais reversíveis para as menos reversíveis, ou agrupá-las caso possuíssem a mesma reversibilidade, era feita a ordenação lexicográfica dos padrões de pré-imagens. Este trabalho reavaliou a definição original, com base nos autômatos celulares elementares, apesar de os resultados serem aplicáveis a qualquer outra família unidimensional de regras. Assim, foi proposta uma grandeza que representa o nível de reversibilidade de uma regra, também baseada em seu padrão de pré-imagem, mas agora a partir da probabilidade de reverter corretamente cada configuração possível de reticulado, até um tamanho máximo dado. Tal medida permite analisar o nível de reversibilidade de uma regra em termos absolutos, e não mais relativamente a outras regras. Dessa forma, torna-se possível analisar individualmente os níveis de reversibilidade das regras, o que possibilitou inferir o nível de reversibilidade de regras para reticulados arbitrariamente maiores que os calculados, em particular, identificando regras que tendem a ser reversíveis conforme o tamanho do reticulado tende a infinito. Também foi possível definir uma operação que, a partir das próprias transições de estado de uma regra, permite obter parcialmente as regras que possuem o mesmo nível de reversibilidade, sem a necessidade do cálculo do padrão de pré-imagem, que é extremamente custoso computacionalmente.

De nombreuses méthodes d’extraction de motifs séquentiels ont été proposées pour découvrir des motifs utiles qui décrivent les données analysées. Certaines de ces travaux se sont concentrés sur l’énumération efficace de motifs partiellement ordonnés fermés (cpo-motifs), ce qui rend leur évaluation difficile pour les experts, car leur nombre peut être important. Par suite, nous proposons une approche nouvelle, qui consiste à extraire directement des cpo-motifs multi-niveaux qui sont organisés dans une hiérarchie. Nous proposons une méthode originale dans la cadre de l’Analyse Relationnelle de Concepts (ARC), appelée RCA-SEQ, qui exploite la structure et les propriétés des treillis issus de l’ARC. RCA-SEQ comporte cinq étapes : le prétraitement des données ; l'exploration par l’ARC des données ; l'extraction automatisée d'une hiérarchie de cpo-motifs multi-niveaux par navigation des treillis issus de l’ARC ; la sélection de cpo-motifs pertinents ; l'évaluation des motifs par les experts. / Many sequential pattern mining methods have been proposed to discover useful patterns that describe the analysed sequential data. Several of these works have focused on efficiently enumerating all closed partially-ordered patterns (cpo-patterns), that makes their evaluation a laboured task for experts since their number can be large. To address this issue, we propose a new approach, that is to directly extract multilevel cpo-patterns implicitly organised into a hierarchy. To this end, we devise an original method within the Relational Concept Analysis (RCA) framework, referred to as RCA-SEQ, that exploits the structure and properties of the lattices from the RCA output. RCA-SEQ spans five steps: the preprocessing of the raw data; the RCA-based exploration of the preprocessed data; the automatic extraction of a hierarchy of multilevel cpo-patterns by navigating the lattices from the RCA output; the selection of relevant multilevel cpo-patterns; the pattern evaluation done by experts.

Ce travail s'intéresse à la compréhension du comportement des flammes non-prémélangées issues d'un jet de méthane assisté par un coflow d'air dilué avec du CO2, ou d'autres gaz chimiquement inertes pour discriminer les différents phénomènes impliqués dans la dilution. Les phénomènes transitionnels, décrochage et extinction, quantifiés par des limites de stabilité, sont analysés à l'aide de grandeurs physiques représentatives. Le domaine de stabilité de flamme est limité par des surfaces 3D dans le domaine physique ( Qdiluant/Qair (taux de dilution), Uair (vitesse d'air), UCH4 (vitesse de méthane)), révélant un effet compétitif entre l'aérodynamique et la dilution. Des cartographies génériques de décrochage et d'extinction communes à tous ces diluants sont proposées. Des grandeurs liées à la stabilisation sont toutes soumises à des lois d'évolution auto-simlilaires. Il en ressort que la vitesse de propagation de flamme est l'élément clé du mécanisme de stabilisation lors de la dilution. / This work focuses on the understanding of the behaviours of non-premixed methane flame inside an air coflow diluted by carbon dyoxide (CO2) or by other chemically inert diluents in order to discriminate different phenomena involved in dilution. Transitional phenomena (liftoff and extinction) quantified trough the stability limits, are analyzed trough representative physical quantities. The flame stability domain is limited by 3D-surfaces (liftoff and extinction) in the physical domain (Qdiluant/Qair (dilution level), Uair (air velocity), UCH4 (methane velocity)) revealing a competitive effect between aerodynamics and dilution. Generic diagrams of flame liftoff and extinction are proposed for all the diluents. Physical quantities related to flame stabilization process are all submitted to, regardless of diluent, self-similar laws. This is explained by flame burning velocity which is considered as the key element in the flame stabilization mechanism with air-side dilution.

La Simulation aux Grandes échelles (LES) est de plus en plus présentée comme un outil à part entière dans le développement des chambres de combustion des turbomachines. Dans ce contexte, les écoulements réactifs considérés sont complexes et, dans un souci de validation, la LES doit montrer ses capacités sur des configurations modèles. Le but de cette thèse est de démontrer le potentiel de la LES pour la prédiction des écoulements vrillés réactifs non prémélangés de chambres de combustion modèles. - La LES est tout d'abord appliquée sur une configuration turbulente avec une hypothèse de prémélange parfait, afin d'étudier l'influence de la modélisation de la cinétique chimique, des modèles de combustion turbulente et de leur paramètres internes. Dans ces conditions, chacun de ces modèles montre ses avantages et désavantages. - L'hypothèse de prémélange parfait est ensuite retirée et l'étude réalisée permet d'évaluer l'influence de la prise en compte du mélange air/carburant dans un injecteur vrillé, des pertes thermiques et des conditions limites acoustiques. - Enfin, une chambre de combustion non prémélangée est simulée afin de démontrer les capacités du modèle de flamme épaissie sur ce type de flamme, pour lequel il n'a pas été initialement développé. Les résultats obtenus sont encourageants et démontrent, entre autres, la bonne représentation du positionnement de la flamme. / Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is considered as the next generation tool for the development of turbomachinery combustion chambers. In this specific context, reactive flows are of very complex nature and, as a validation goal, LES needs to prove its capabilities on academic configurations. This dissertation aims at demonstrating LES capabilities for the simulation of non-premixed reactive flows that can be found in swirled academic combustion chambers. - LES is first applied to a turbulent reacting configuration with a perfect premixing assumption. Chemical kinetics, turbulent combustion models and their internal parameters are studied. For this flow condition, each model shows his advantages and disadvantages. - Then, the perfect premixed hypothesis is removed, allowing the evaluation of mixing, thermal losses and acoustic boundary conditions for this swirled injector. - Finally, a non premixed combustion chamber is simulated with the dynamically thickened flame model, which was not developped for this kind of reactive flow. However, results are encouraging and demonstrate that the flame localisation is well represented by LES.

Le travail qui suit comporte quatre chapitres : le premier est centré autour de la propriété de mélange faible pour les échanges d'intervalles et flots de translation. On y présente des résultats obtenus avec Artur Avila qui renforcent des résultats précédents dus à Artur Avila et Giovanni Forni. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à un travail en commun avec Zhiyuan Zhang et concerne les propriétés d'ergodicité et d'accessibilité stables pour des systèmes partiellement hyperboliques de dimension centrale au moins égale à deux. On montre que sous des hypothèses de cohérence dynamique, center bunching et pincement fort, la propriété d'accessibilité stable est dense en topologie C^r, r>1, et même prévalente au sens de Kolmogorov. Dans le troisième chapitre, on expose les résultats d'un travail réalisé en collaboration avec Julie Déserti, consacré à l'étude d'une famille à un paramètre d'automorphismes polynomiaux de C^3 ; on montre que de nouveaux phénomènes apparaissent par rapport à ce qui était connu dans le cas de la dimension deux. En particulier, on étudie les vitesses d'échappement à l'infini, en montrant qu'une transition s'opère pour une certaine valeur du paramètre. Le dernier chapitre est issu d'un travail en collaboration avec Jiangong You, Zhiyan Zhao et Qi Zhou ; on s'intéresse à des estimées asymptotiques sur la taille des trous spectraux des opérateurs de Schrödinger quasi-périodiques dans le cadre analytique. On obtient des bornes supérieures exponentielles dans le régime sous-critique, ce qui renforce un résultat précédent de Sana Ben Hadj Amor. Dans le cas particulier des opérateurs presque Mathieu, on montre également des bornes inférieures exponentielles, qui donnent des estimées quantitatives en lien avec le problème dit "des dix Martinis". Comme conséquences de nos résultats, on présente des applications à l'homogénéité du spectre de tels opérateurs ainsi qu'à la conjecture de Deift. / The following work contains four chapters: the first one is centered around the weak mixing property for interval exchange transformations and translation flows. It is based on the results obtained together with Artur Avila which strengthen previous results due to Artur Avila and Giovanni Forni. The second chapter is dedicated to a joint work with Zhiyuan Zhang, in which we study the properties of stable ergodicity and accessibility for partially hyperbolic systems with center dimension at least two. We show that for dynamically coherent partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms and under certain assumptions of center bunching and strong pinching, the property of stable accessibility is dense in C^r topology, r>1, and even prevalent in the sense of Kolmogorov. In the third chapter, we explain the results obtained together with Julie Déserti on the properties of a one-parameter family of polynomial automorphisms of C^3; we show that new behaviours can be observed in comparison with the two-dimensional case. In particular, we study the escape speed of points to infinity and show that a transition exists for a certain value of the parameter. The last chapter is based on a joint work with Jiangong You, Zhiyan Zhao and Qi Zhou; we get asymptotic estimates on the size of spectral gaps for quasi-periodic Schrödinger operators in the analytic case. We obtain exponential upper bounds in the subcritical regime, which strengthens a previous result due to Sana Ben Hadj Amor. In the particular case of almost Mathieu operators, we also show exponential lower bounds, which provides quantitative estimates in connection with the so-called "Dry ten Martinis problem". As consequences of our results, we show applications to the homogeneity of the spectrum of such operators, and to Deift's conjecture.

The prediction of shear capacity of light timber frame walls in a multi-storey arrangement is the main focus of this dissertation. The available theories neglect to account for the fact that the shear resistance of the walls may depend on the actual vertical position of the applied horizontal force. However, the actual arrangement of the structures in practice introduces a vertical offset between the wall head height and the position of the resultant of the external horizontal forces. Thus, the horizontal shear force is accompanied by dependent overturning moment. Solving such a problem for partially anchored walls inevitably leads to an iterative calculation. The aim is to provide a comprehensible and less calculation-intensive procedure for multi-storey buildings that would be competitive with existing simplified methods. A model derived from lower bound plastic method was successfully put to the test in a parametric study and compared with limited test results. The results show that the capacities predicted using the novel method compare favourably with the results obtained from traditional theories using a more complicated iterative process. Therefore, the presented single-step approach may be appealing to the industry. A test program was formulated to understand better the implications of the recommended best practice of introducing gaps between sheathing panels. It was set to experimentally verify the difference in the shear capacity for setups with and without gaps between the sheathing panels. The significance of this study is that it informs the industry that the manufacturers’ recommendation to incorporate a gap between sheathing panels would not compromise the structural integrity. Considering the model uncertainty and the safety margins, the introduction of gaps does not alter the strength or stiffness of the wall.

This master´s thesis deals with the design of the Mountain hotel with restaurant. The project is elaborated in the form of an implanting-level documentation. The object is situated at the land parcel No.115/5 in village cald Červená voda. The object is designed as tree-storey with the partially cellarage, the roof is propose as saddle roof.

Value-range analysis is a static analysis technique based on arguing about the values that a variable may take on a given program point. It can be used to prove absence of run-time errors such as out-of-bound array accesses. Since value-range analysis collects information on each program point, data-flow analysis can be used in association with it. The main goal of this work is designing and implementing such a value-range analysis tool. The work begins with an introduction into the topic, an explanation of data-flow and value-range analyses and a description of abstract interpretation, which provides the formal basis of the analyser. The core of this work is the design, implementation, testing and evaluation of the analyser. In the conclusion, our personal experience obtained in the area of the thesis is mentioned, along with a discussion of a possible future development of the designed tool.

This is detached sports center. The building is situated in the town of Ji­kovice town in Brno â Country Distric. This sports centre has two floors and it is partially with a cellar. The building is based on the footings of concrete. It is built from the building system POROTHERM and PREFA with contact insulation system from company ISOVER and ventilated facade. The roof construction is single-flat, on part is designed vegetation roof. Area buildings is 792,25 m2.

<p>У дисертацији су приказани развој мултимодалног<br />система за образовну игру Луграм и истраживања<br />везана за његову примену у области редовног и<br />специјализованог основношколског образовања.<br />Извршено је испитивање утицаја Луграма на<br />повишење ефеката учења геометрије у редовној<br />разредној настави, испитивање да ли његову<br />прилагођену мултимодалну верзију могу да користе<br />слабовида и слепа деца и да ли се она може<br />користити за њихову обуку за самосталну употребу<br />рачунарске аудио верзије Луграма.<br />Утврђено је да Луграм има утицаја на пораст успеха<br />у учењу геометрије и да се прилагођена аудио-<br />тактилна верзија може користити у сврху обуке<br />слабовиде и слепе деце за самостално коришћење<br />аудио верзије игре.<br />Резултати истраживања су показали оправданост<br />приступа развоју Луграма као мултимодалног<br />система за игру и усмерили његов даљи развој ка<br />асистивном мултимодалном систему који поседује<br />способност говорне интеракције са корисником и<br />могућност прилагођења различитим категоријама<br />корисника.</p> / <p>U disertaciji su prikazani razvoj multimodalnog<br />sistema za obrazovnu igru Lugram i istraživanja<br />vezana za njegovu primenu u oblasti redovnog i<br />specijalizovanog osnovnoškolskog obrazovanja.<br />Izvršeno je ispitivanje uticaja Lugrama na<br />povišenje efekata učenja geometrije u redovnoj<br />razrednoj nastavi, ispitivanje da li njegovu<br />prilagođenu multimodalnu verziju mogu da koriste<br />slabovida i slepa deca i da li se ona može<br />koristiti za njihovu obuku za samostalnu upotrebu<br />računarske audio verzije Lugrama.<br />Utvrđeno je da Lugram ima uticaja na porast uspeha<br />u učenju geometrije i da se prilagođena audio-<br />taktilna verzija može koristiti u svrhu obuke<br />slabovide i slepe dece za samostalno korišćenje<br />audio verzije igre.<br />Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali opravdanost<br />pristupa razvoju Lugrama kao multimodalnog<br />sistema za igru i usmerili njegov dalji razvoj ka<br />asistivnom multimodalnom sistemu koji poseduje<br />sposobnost govorne interakcije sa korisnikom i<br />mogućnost prilagođenja različitim kategorijama<br />korisnika.</p> / <p>The dissertation presents the development of the multimodal system for the educational game Lugram and the research related to its application in the regular and specialized primary education. The examination of the effect which Lugram has on the improvement in learning geometry in the primary education is done, as well as the testing weather its adapted multimodal version can be used for the training of partially sighted and blind children for the independent use of the computer audio version of Lugram. It is established that Lugram has an influence on the improvement in learning geometry and that adapted audio-tactile version can be used for the training purposes for partially sighted and blind children. Results of the research have justified the approach in the development of Lugram as a multimodal system for the game. Moreover, they focus further development toward assistive multimodal system which has ability of the voice interaction with the user and also ability of adaptation to the different kind of users.</p>