Following the attention given by the Jomtien Declaration to the need for partnerships and collaboration in the promotion of educational improvement (World Declaration on Education for All, 1990), developing countries have initiated several partnership programmes with many international donor agencies. These partnerships for educational development in Africa vary in scale, character and context, and the institutional and policy frameworks are now more demanding. The conception and practice of partnership has been a challenge primarily because, how the policy/organisational framework, design and practice of partnerships influence the outcome of such collaborations remains poorly understood. In this study I examined the framework, construction and practice of partnerships using the Japan International Cooperation Agency’s (JICA) educational partnership programmes in Ghana and South Africa as case studies. I studied these two examples of JICA funded programmes in order to determine the opportunities and constraints that such partnerships offer. Data was collected through interviews with 12 key officials using semi-structured questions and the analysis of documents. Such documents as project proposals, monitoring and evaluation reports, minutes of stakeholders’ meetings and newsletters of each of the two case studies were reviewed. Observations of some project activities such as stakeholders’ meetings, training workshops and conferences were also conducted for the purpose of validation. Using the concept of ‘surface and genuine partnership’ proposed by Mkandawire (1996) and Odora Hoppers (2001), data were analysed focusing on the interactive effects of partners on the outcomes of the two partnership programmes. Evidence gathered from this study suggests that while partnerships are key they are often narrowly conceptualised for two reasons: First, the common conception of partnerships as ‘bringing resources together’ with little or no recognition of the interactive effect of partners on their success is limiting. This is mainly because partnership engagement may go beyond the resource agenda to issues of mutual respect, power relations, nature of dialogue and professional as well as interpersonal relationships. Second, partnerships normally focus on supply-driven opportunities rather than stimulating demand among immediate beneficiaries. The need of creating sustainable capacity building systems for teachers in the long-term is imperative however it requires stimulation of demand among teachers who are the potential users of the knowledge and skills offered by such partnership endeavours. Third, I found that the initial model and construction of a partnership becomes less significant if actors practically engage in genuine partnership given that: (1) the principles of pure dialogue will lead to flexibility, which allows reconstruction as the partnership evolves and (2) the practice of shared culture and interest will permit creative use of challenges in devising innovative approaches. The main lesson presented in this study is the revelation that no mater how well intended and designed a partnership arrangement is, its subsequent implementation can adversely be affected by the practices at both the individual and organisational levels. The characterisation of the implementation process of the partnership described in this dissertation is a mixed bag of stimulating and limiting factors. It therefore presents a crucial responsibility to collaborators to deliberately devise mechanisms that will maximise the former and at the same time minimise the later. The significance of this study is that both policymakers and donor agencies involved in partnership arrangements as well as researchers need to rethink the conceptualisation of the term partnership (Oyelaran-Oyeyinka, 2005) and re-examine the policy and institutional context (Azar, Harpring, Cohen&Leu, 2004; Hall, R. 2002) under which such educational development partnership ventures thrive. / Dissertation (MEd (Curriculum and Instructional Design and Development))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

This diploma thesis deals with partnership of non -- profit and public sector focusing on a community planning of social services as a form of partnership. It deals with questions, what conditions of successful partnership are and what benefits a partnership to organizations involved and to a whole region brings. Theoretical part of the diploma thesis defines basic concepts especially relating to non -- profit sector. Then problems of partnership are defined. In the practical part, there are described benefits and consequence of partnership which are presented on concrete examples.

Cette thèse propose d'étudier le rôle du secteur privé dans la fourniture des biens et services publics dans le cadre du récent contrat de Partenariat Public-Privé (PPP). Le premier chapitre de cette thèse a pour but de comparer l'efficacité du PPP à sa forme plus ancienne, le contrat de Délégation de Service Public (DSP). Le PPP permet au gouvernement de déléguer à un opérateur privé à la fois la construction d'une infrastructure publique et son exploitation. Cela revient à lui confier de plus grandes responsabilités comparées à ce qu'elles sont dans la DSP et lui confère également une dimension de long terme. L'efficacité du PPP devient alors dépendante des engagements pris par le gouvernement à l'étape de construction, qui peuvent ne pas être honorés à celle d'exploitation. A l'inverse, le contrat de DSP ne souffre pas de cet éventuel opportunisme du fait que les deux tâches relatives à la fourniture de services publics sont réalisées par deux firmes différentes. Nous montrons dans ce chapitre que l'efficacité du PPP est endommagée par l'opportunisme du gouvernement, mais pas suffisamment pour recommander la DSP. Nous concluons que, contrairement à l'opinion générale, l'engagement du gouvernement n'est pas un facteur clés du succès du contrat PPP. Le deuxième chapitre contribue au débat sur l'efficacité de la fourniture du service de l'eau par le secteur privé. Pour cela, nous menons une étude empirique en France, pays pionnier en matière de gestion privée de l'eau. Dans ce chapitre, nous évaluons l'impact du choix de gestion de l'eau sur les prix de l'eau, en prenant soin de corriger le biais de sélection dont souffre cette évaluation. Pour cela, nous estimons un modèle d'effet de traitement à l'aide d'un modèle à variable latente empruntant ainsi la méthodologie de Carpentier et al. (2006). L'effet moyen de la délégation et celui sur une municipalité ayant choisie la gestion privée de l'eau sont examinés. Contrairement aux études empiriques précédentes, nous montrons qu'il n'y a pas de différences significatives de prix de l'eau selon le mode de gestion de l'eau choisi. Le troisième chapitre examine la fourniture de biens publics lorsque ces derniers sont soumis à un risque d'interruption. Afin de pallier ce risque, une autorité publique peut adopter une politique de dédoublement des sources approvisionnement. Au lieu de confier toute la fourniture d'un bien public à une seule et même source, elle peut la confier à deux distinctes. De cette manière, si l'une est interrompue, l'autre peut prendre le relais. Dédoubler les sources approvisionnement permet d'assurer la continuité du bien public mais engendre des coûts, une source plus coûteuse pouvant prendre le relais. C'est ainsi que l'autorité publique fait face à un dilemme entre confier l'approvisionnement du bien public à une ou deux sources. Dans ce chapitre, nous étudions tout d'abord le choix d'approvisionnement avant de nous intéresser au partage respectif de la fourniture du bien public entre les deux sources en cas de dédoublement. Nous analysons également le choix de l'autorité publique en matière d'approvisionnement lorsqu'elle est susceptible d'être influencée par des groupes d'intérêt. / This thesis investigates three questions related to the role of private sector involvement in the provision of public goods or services. The State withdrawal from such provision has led to the use of partnerships between the public and the private sectors. They take place through a variety of contracts from the traditional form of public procurement to the modern form, Public-Private Partnership (PPP). The first chapter analyzes the contracting out of public services through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) subject to government opportunism. The construction of a public infrastructure and its operation are carried out by a private sector firm. Due to bundling of these two tasks, the PPP efficiency is affected by government's commitment power, contrarily to the traditional procurement, in which the two tasks are contracted out separately. We find that the PPP cost efficiency is damaged by the government opportunism but not sufficiently to recommend the use of TP contract. PPP contract should still be preferred by the government. We conclude that, contrarily to the widespread view, government commitment is not the key factor determining the success of PPP. The second chapter offers an empirical study to contribute to the debate over the efficiency of private provision of water services, looking at the main policy lessons that can be drawn from recent French experience. The purpose of this paper is to accurately evaluate the impact of private management on water prices after taking into account the selection bias. To do so, we use a treatment effect approach in a latent variable framework following the Carpentier et al. (2006) methodology. Two specific treatment parameters are reexamined: the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) and the effect of Treatment on the Treated (ATT). Contrary to the previous empirical findings, we show that private management does not have a significant impact on water prices. The third chapter examines the provision of a public good subject to a risk of disruption in a dynamic setting. To hedge against this risk, a public authority may use a dual sourcing policy. Instead of awarding the entire production to one firm (sole sourcing), he may split production among two firms (dual sourcing). If the production of one firm is disrupted, the other firm may take over. However, ensuring the continuity of production increases the procurement cost since a less efficient firm may be awarded part of the production. The public authority thus faces a trade-off when deciding upon the procurement policy. We first examine the optimal choice between sole and dual sourcing. Then, we determine the optimal share of production awarded to each firm in case of dual sourcing. We also consider how asymmetry of information on the secondary firm's efficiency affects the optimal procurement policy since an informational rent is given up to this firm. Finally, we extend our model to consider the influence of lobbying on the public authority's choice of procurement policy.

This thesis was created for the purpose of processing methodology course named "Communication between the parents and the kindergarten" for employees of nursery schools. Participants after finishing the course should be able to respond more appropriately to often difficult situations that may arise. A higher level of communication skills should increase the competibility of the kindergarten and create a friendly atmosphere. The work is aimed at kindergartens with personalized education which have their own origin in Spain. The author looks at the problem through benchmarking (continuous and systematic comparison to the top of this branch-- Spain, Poland). Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, interviews and observation. The result is a course methodology which includes six exemplary studies and their solutions with some other advice for a mutual communication.

The diploma thesis analyzes contemporary trends and provides overview of key elements within purchasing processes in companies recommended by foreign professional studies. Autor of the thesis analyzes purchasing process in 4 manufacturing companies - GE Aviation Czech, s.r.o., Faurecia Exhaust Systems, s.r.o., Continental Automotive Czech Republic, s.r.o., Brandýs nad Labem a Doosan Bobcat Manufacturing, s.r.o. Given the recommendations by foreign studies the thesis provides suggestions on their application in manufacturing companies taking into account the specific conditions in the four companies.

LL.M. / Tydens die ontwikkeling van die verskeie besigheidsondernemingsvorme in Suid-Afrika is groot aandag geskenk aan statutere regulering van hierdie ondernemingsvorme, asook interaksie tussen hierdie statutere reguleringsmaatreels en harmonisering daarvan met bestaande wetgewing wat daarop van toepassing mag wees. Dit wil egter voorkom dat statutere regulering in Suid-Afrika ten aansien van sekere ondernemingsvorme ver tekort skiet, aangesien daar geen onafhanklike wetgewing in Suid-Afrika bestaan ten aansien van byvoorbeeld vennootskappe nie, anders as in ander werelddele. Daar kan derhaiwe tereg gese word dat die vennootskapsreg beskou kan word as die "stiefkind" van die Suid-Afrikaanse reg. Alhoewel daar steeds verskeie Ieemtes en anomaliee bestaan ten aansien van statutere gereguleerde ondernemingsvorme en harmonisering van sekere statutere bepalings daarop van toepassing, met bestaande wetgewing, wil dit voorkom asof die bestaande verwysingsbronne ten aansien van die vennootskapsreg en ander wetgewing ernstige anomaliee teweegbring, wat vervolgens selektief bespreek gaan word, met spesifieke verwysing na anomaliee wat bestaan in die toepassing van sekere bepalings van die Insolvensiewet ten aansien van vennootskappe.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / Cape Town’s MyCiTi Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service is part of an ambitious plan to integrate various modes of transport and “place at least 75% of Cape Town’s population within 500 meter of the system”. MyCiTi would replace the ubiquitous mini-taxis on most major routes. The scheduled public bus service began in the city in 2010, and has since expanded considerably through the phased roll-out of several new routes, the most recent being one that reaches the Cape Flats. Yet in the early stages, there was considerable opposition from various stakeholders and some of that still continues. This research looks at how key stakeholders shifted their views over the period 2008-2015. Three stakeholder groups and their interactive dynamics in the context of ongoing uncertainty about the system are explored in this mini-thesis. The findings show that despite much pre-planning, the MyCiTi project has been negotiated and re-negotiated as the City embarked on a voyage into uncharted territory. The transformation of sections of the taxi industry from the informal sector to the formal sector has been presented as a big challenge but has also been seen as its biggest phase one success so far. Yet, in 2015, the city blamed at least half of its revenue shortfall on having to compete with the minibus taxi industry, which it failed to “contain” as planned. The mini-thesis shows that mega-public-private projects are messy at best and that without effective monitoring, public support and consultation the best laid plans and policies can fail. More research is needed into the complexities of public private partnerships and the City needs to take such knowledge into the next phases.

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In this research the dissolution of the universal partnership is viewed through multiple lenses from ancient Roman law to modern insolvency and customary law. As the universal partnership is constantly developing, adapting and finding application in our law, the main inquiry of this research is concerned with the consequences that exist upon the dissolution of the universal partnership. The impact of the legislative departure from the common law upon the dissolution of the universal partnership due to insolvency is explored as the first inquiry. The second inquiry is focused on the application of the dissolution of the universal partnership as an interchangeable legal remedy in order to do justice between parties, by providing contractual remedies to the litigating parties. Foreign jurisdictions such as Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe have used the effects of dissolution of the universal partnership in various cases from putative marriages to customary law cases in order to do justice between the parties, although the parties never expressly created a universal partnership. The courts of Botswana and Zimbabwe have applied the consequences of dissolution in a reformative and liberal manner, without being side-tracked by legislative departures and debates, especially in customary law cases. In the leading Namibian equality jurisprudence, the universal partnership has also been employed in order to do justice between litigating parties. The main inquiry is thus concerned with the effects of the dissolution of the universal partnership. The inquiry is thus two-fold, focusing firstly on the departure from the common law as created by the Insolvency Act and secondly on the remedial judicial application of the consequences of its dissolution by foreign courts. / Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Private Law / LLM / Unrestricted