In this study, stage, streamflow, and precipitation data was collected from small watersheds in the Swanton Pacific Ranch for the first two hydrologic years following the 2020 CZU Lightning Complex. The Little Creek watershed was setup for high-resolution data collection with four separate stage gauge sites (Main Stem, North Fork, South Fork, and Upper North Fork) and four rain gauge sites (Al Smith House, Ridgeline, Upper North Fork, and Landing 23). Stage gauge sites were also established at Queseria, Archibald, and Mill creeks. Preliminary post-fire rating curves were developed for the four sites of Little Creek. The Main Stem (MS) and North Fork (NF) post-fire curves showed some flattening of the slope indicating channel filling, while the South Fork (SF) curve displayed a steepening indicating channel scouring. The Upper North Fork (UNF) rating curve did not indicate any shifts. However, at the time of this study the rating curves were incomplete due to limitations in streamflow measurements. Linear regression models were fit to pre-fire data (hydrologic years 2000-2008) to predict peak flows and storm flow volumes. Antecedent precipitation index (API) and total storm precipitation depth were found to be significant predictors while peak 1-hour rainfall intensity was not. Comparison of post-fire observations to pre-fire model predictions indicated that there were increases in both peak flow and storm flow volumes in Little Creek. However, these findings are not statistically significant due to the limited post-fire observations (n

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Energi i form av olja möjliggjorde under 1950- talet en mekanisering av skogsbruket. Accelererande klimatförändringar ställer nu krav på att den fossila energin som skogsmaskinerna är beroende av måste ersättas. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utifrån ett kulturperspektiv undersöka hur Sveriges skogsägarföreningar kommer att påverkas av den förändrade tillgången till energi. För att besvara syftet genomfördes fem djupintervjuer. Studien visar att skogsägarföreningarna har en kulturellt präglad bilda av miljön som formbar och att förändringen främst ses som en möjlighet att framställa bioenergi för att bryta den sjunkande produktiviteten. Kulturkrockar uppstår därför med miljörörelser som har en annan syn på hur skog ska användas. Skogsmaskinernas dieselberoende utgör samtidigt en stor svaghet som kan komma att hindra en fortsatt expansionen eftersom skogsägarföreningarna är termodynamiskt bundna. / Energy in the form of oil allowed a mechanization process to take place during the 1950:s. Accelerating climate changes is now demanding that the fossil fuels in the forestry machines must be replaced. The purpose of this paper is that from a cultural perspective; examine how the Swedish forest owners' associations will be affected by the change in access to energy. To answer the question five in depth interviews were conducted. The study shows that the forest owners' associations have a culturally imprinted picture of the environment as malleable and the change is mainly seen as an opportunity to produce bioenergy in order to reverse the declining productivity. Cultural clashes therefore occur with the environmental movements which have a different vision on how forests should be used. The diesel depending forestry machines also constitutes a major weakness that may impede the continued expansion as the forest owners' associations are thermodynamically bound.

<p>Traditional methods for flood estimation can be categorized as (1) simplified methods, e.g., regression analysis, (2) frequency analysis of streamflow data, (3) design storm-based precipitation-runoff modeling, and ( 4) continuous precipitation-runoff simulation modeling. The new approach - the Analytical Probabilistic Stormwater Model - was developed as an alternative to provide an efficient way of getting realistic estimation of peak discharges of desired frequencies for use in stormwater management of urban areas. To extend APSWM's application to rural areas, a series of comparisons were made between the calibrated design storm-based OTTHYMO model results, frequency analysis results and APSWM results for the Ganaraska River watershed. Special considerations were given to the transformation of the input parameter values of OTTHYMO model to those of APSWM. Comparable results were obtained for large floods, while APSWM may underestimate peak discharges of low return periods. Upon further testing and development, APSWM may be used for large rural areas.</p> / Thesis / Master of Engineering (MEngr)

Resebyråerna växer i allt stadigare takt, allt eftersom fler människor väljer att färdas med flyg på grund av den effektiva globaliseringen som pågår världen om. Ving och Fritidsresor är två resebyråer som följt med utvecklingen sedan mitten av 1900-talet och har nu blivit två av de ledande resebyråerna i Sverige. Därmed är det intressant att göra en jämförelse mellan dessa och se om det finns några påtagliga likheter eller skillnader. Detta arbete kommer att beröra Ving och Fritidsresors konkurrens för- och nackdelar ur ett kundperspektiv. Det har tagits fram med hjälp av konkurrensmedelsmixen, sexhörningen som består av följande sex hörn, geografi, sortiment, kommunikation, människor, service och pris. För att ta reda på hur betydelsefulla hörnen är för kunden och hur de upplever att Ving och Fritidsresor möter deras behov. Undersökningen har gjorts med hjälp av en kombinerad enkätundersökning av kvantitativ- och kvalitativa frågor som senare har jämförts med aktuell teori. Enkätundersökning gjordes på en resemässa den 25 mars, TUR- mässan i Göteborg. Resultatet visar att empirin i alla sammanhang inte går hand i hand med teorierna. Dock är respondenterna eniga om att alla aspekter är mer eller mindre viktiga, i vissa fall i fel ordning i jämförelse med teorin. Teorin talar om högengagerader produkt och inte tjänster, därför skiljer de sig åt. / Due to the effective globalization more people choose to travel by flight. This leads to that the travel agencies are increasing in a more substantial pace than ever. Ving and Fritidsresor are two travel agencies that have followed the evolution since the mid20th century and have now become two of the leading travel agencies in Sweden. Due to these circumstances it is interesting to compare them to one another. This report is going to mention Ving and Fritidsresors competition advantage and disadvantage out of a costumer’s perspective. To get to know how important these aspects are for the costumer and how they experience that Ving and Fritidsresor supply their needs, we have been using competitionmidmix and the hexagon, which consists of six corners; geography, assortment range, communication, people, service and cost. The study consists of a combined questionnaire, which was made during a travel exhibition the 25th of March, TUR-exhibition in Gothenburg. It consisted of quantitative- and qualitative questions that later has been compared with the current theory. The result shows us that the theory cannot be used in all context, however, the respondents agrees that all the aspects are more  or less important, in some cases in the wrong order in comparison with the theory, The theory talks about a highly engaged products and not a service, that’s why they differ from each other.

This dissertation addresses the issues of high power consumption and verification associated with a novel hardware design methodology based on high-level synthesis using action-oriented specifications. High-level synthesis of hardware designs is the process of automatically converting high-level behavioral specifications of designs into their corresponding RTL (Register Transfer Level) descriptions. From a designer's perspective, writing high-level specifications of a design alleviates the burden of handling various scheduling and concurrency issues, which can be automatically handled by the high-level synthesis tool. In the recent past, EDA (Electronic Design Automation) industry has seen efforts by various vendors to make such synthesis process practical for generating efficient hardware designs. In most of these cases, the inputs to high-level synthesis tools are the control data-flow graphs (CDFGs) or hierarchical variants of those. These models sequentialize parts of the computation in the form of computation threads. In contrast, in the last couple of years, advances have been made in an alternative high-level hardware design methodology where the specifications are action-oriented rather than the composition of sequential threads. In this paradigm, a hardware design is described in terms of atomic actions and then synthesized into the RTL code. Action-oriented synthesis process inherently targets the reduction of area and latency of a hardware design. However, two important issues that have not been addressed adequately are (1) power optimizations during such synthesis and (2) verification of action-oriented specifications and synthesized power-minimized implementations of the designs. With the proliferation of power-hungry portable devices, ever shrinking geometries and increasing clock frequencies, power consumption of hardware designs has become a critical metric (besides area and latency) that should be taken into consideration while evaluating the viability and success of a synthesis process. In this work, we analyze the complexity of low-power problems associated with the action-oriented specification models, and propose algorithms and techniques for power optimization during the action-oriented synthesis process. Furthermore, verification of hardware designs generated from such models is required in order to verify the changes caused in their structures or behaviors as part of any used power minimization techniques. Verification of high-level action-oriented models is also important for ensuring the correctness of the designs early in the design cycle. In this work, we also propose various formal verification techniques that can be used for verifying desired correctness properties as well as behaviors of power-minimized action-oriented designs at high-level. / Ph. D.