Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE. / Bibliography: leaves 225-237. / by William Eric Leifur Grimson. / Ph.D.

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with functional impairments across the lifespan, including in the social domain. The cognitive processes underlying the disorder, as well these associated social impairments, are still being debated. This points to the need for introducing new approaches. Event perception, the process of perceiving ongoing streams of activity into whole events, provides a unique perspective on the cognitive and social deficits in ADHD and how they might be related. Event perception is a compelling approach due to its methodological advantages, theory, and originality. Therefore, the overarching goal of this dissertation is the use of event perception to elucidate cognitive underpinnings of ADHD and associated social impairments. In the background section of this dissertation, I review the evolution of scientific conceptualizations of ADHD as a disorder and its core features, including cognitive underpinnings. In addition, I highlight the cognitive components of the disorder, revealing a need for continued exploration of possible cognitive contributors. Next, I deliver an overview of the functional impairments associated with ADHD, with a special focus on social difficulties. Current theories regarding the factors that contribute to social impairment among those with ADHD are presented along with their methodological, conceptual and practical shortcomings. To address these flaws, I propose turning to event perception as a mechanism of social cognition. This section ends with a description of the guiding Event Segmentation Theory, links between event perception and ADHD, and potential event perception related contributions to the ADHD literature. The first study addresses event perception as a cognitive deficit among those with ADHD, while the second addresses the relationship between event perception, symptoms of ADHD, and social functioning. Results of the two studies point to event perception differences associated with ADHD, as well as symptoms of ADHD acting as mediators in the relationship between event perception and social impairment. As a first initiative to apply event perception to ADHD and its related impairments, these results contribute to current conceptualization of ADHD, as well as support the use of event perception to further inquiries into ADHD and development of future interventions. The dissertation is concluded with a broad discussion of the meaning of the results, as well as limitations, implications and future research directions.

Dans ses Cahiers, Valéry témoigne d’un transformation du statut de la subjectivité : « L’homme est un animal enfermé à l’extérieur de sa cage. Il s’agite hors de soi. » Annoncée par les romantiques et les symbolistes qui assistèrent à l’éclosion de l’idée poétique à la jonction des matières du corps, de l’univers et du langage, cette nouvelle topologie fut assumée par les poètes qui lui ont succédé. Dès l’aube des années soixante, Jacques Dupin et John Montague ont exploré le sujet du dehors en nouant des rapports inédits entre l’intériorité, le corps, le langage et le monde. Investiguant les paysages sémantiques, le corps de la nature et la physique de la parole, cette thèse en élucide la transitivité en étudiant le rôle joué par l’épreuve charnelle dans la redéfinition de la subjectivité poétique et de la nature, soumis à des processus d’extériorisation et d’intériorisation qui révèlent une conscience incarnée et un dehors sémiotique. Tout en démontrant l’universalité de cette porosité, elle compare des manières singulières d’habiter le monde, appréciées au cœur des enjeux formels de la réévaluation du sensible. Plus généralement, la densification du verbe et l’initiative sémiotique conférée aux qualités sensibles de langages informés par les modalités physiques du discours sont analysées pour dégager les propriétés d’une parole naturelle. Pour rendre compte du poème incarné comme expérience de l’être-au-monde, la phénoménologie est relayée par la poétique, la sémiotique et l’acroamatique qui illustrent un décloisonnement analogue du sujet dans le régime linguistique et révèlent un sujet voué à son énonciation sauvage au même titre qu’à l’altérité des perceptions. / In his Cahiers, Valéry reflects a transformation of the status of subjectivity : "Man is an animal locked outside of his cage. It stirs outside itself." Prefigured by the Romantics and Symbolists which witnessed the birth of poetic ideas at the junction of the materiality of the body, of the universe and of language, this new topology was carried by poets who followed him. Since the late fifties, Jacques Dupin and John Montague have explored this external subjectivity, expressing new relations between interiority, the body, the language and landscapes. Investigating the semantic landscapes, the body of nature and the physics of speech, this thesis elucidates their transitivity, by studying the role played by the fleshly experience in the redefinition of poetic subjectivity and Nature, submitted to process of externalization and internalization that disclose an embodiement of consciousness and a semiotic exteriority. While demonstrating the universality of this porosity, it compares unique ways of inhabiting the world, appreciated at the heart of the aesthetic formal issues inherent to the reevaluation of sensory experience. Generally, the densification of the verb and the semiotic initiative conferred to the sensitive qualities of languages informed by the physical modalities of speech are analyzed to underline the properties of a natural speech. To study poetry of incarnation as an experience of the being-in-the-world, phenomenology is relayed by poetics, semiotics and acroamatics, wich illustrate a similar decompartmentalization of subjectivity in the element of speech, and reveal a subject doomed to a wild utterance, in the same way as to the alterity of perceptions.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

The processes underlying the perceptual analysis of visual form are believed to have minimal interaction with those subserving the perception of visual motion (Livingstone and Hubel, 1987; Victor and Conte, 1990). Recent reports of functionally and anatomically segregated parallel streams in the primate visual cortex seem to support this hypothesis (Ungerlieder and Mishkin, 1982; VanEssen and Maunsell, 1983; Shipp and Zeki, 1985; Zeki and Shipp, 1988; De Yoe et al., 1994). Here we present perceptual evidence that is at odds with this view and instead suggests strong symmetric interactions between the form and motion processes. In one direction, we show that the introduction of specific static figural elements, say 'F', in a simple motion sequence biases an observer to perceive a particular motion field, say 'M'. In the reverse direction, the imposition of the same motion field 'M' on the original sequence leads the observer to perceive illusory static figural elements 'F'. A specific implication of these findings concerns the possible existence of (what we call) motion end-stopped units in the primate visual system. Such units might constitute part of a mechanism for signalling subjective occluding contours based on motion-field discontinuities.

Thesis (B.Psy.Sc.(Hons.)) - University of Queensland, / Includes bibliography.