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1	Synthèses d’hélicènes énantioenrichis et application en catalyse asymétrique / Synthesis of enantioenriched helicenes and application in asymmetric catalysis Medena, Caleb 20 October 2017 (has links) De nouveaux phosphinites énantiopurs à la structure hélicoïdale ont été synthétisés et utilisés en catalyse asymétrique. Les plateformes 2,15-dihydroxyhélicènes ciblées pour l’étude ont été synthétisées selon deux voies de synthèse, par photocyclisation oxydante et par cycloaddition [2+2+2] catalysée au cobalt et au rhodium. Les énantiomères ont été séparés par HPLC chirale préparative ou synthèse des diastéréoisomères puis séparation sur gel de silice. Les Hélixols énantiomères ont ainsi été obtenus avec des excès énantiomériques supérieurs à 99.5 %. Si les structures hélicoïdales cycliques désirées n’ont pu être obtenues en raison de la distance excessive entre les deux fonctions phénol, la double phosphorylation conduit à de nouveaux ligands bisphosphinites à chiralité hélicoïdale. Ces derniers ont été utilisés dans des réactions de cycloisomérisation énantiosélective d’énynes-1,6 catalysées à l’or ; et d’alkylation allylique asymétrique catalysée au palladium. / New [6]helicene-based bisphosphinites were synthetized and used in asymmetric catalysis. Desired 2,15-dimethoxy[6]helicenes were synthetized by two pathways: photochemical oxidative cyclization and CoI or RhI-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition. Both enantiomers of [6]Helixols were obtained by preparative chiral HPLC and/or using a chiral agent (up to 99.5 % ee). Even if desired helical cyclic scaffolds cannot be obtained due to the large distance between the two oxygen atoms. The synthesis of new [6]helicenes-based bisphosphinites were developed. Those last were used in gold-catalyzed enantioselective cycloisomerization of 1,6-enynes and Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation. Hélicènes Chiralité Photocyclisation Cycloaddition [2+2+2] Phosphinites Catalyse asymétrique homogène Ligand Or Palladium Helicenes Chirality Biophospinites 547
2	Self-adaptable catalysts : Importance of flexibility and applications in asymmetric catalysis Fjellander, Ester January 2010 (has links) The topic of this thesis is the design and synthesis of biaryl-based self adaptableligands for asymmetric metal catalysis. The results discussed in papers I-III are covered, together with some unpublished results concerning substrate-adaptable catalysts. A general survey of self-adaptable catalysts is presented first. The second chapter of this thesis starts with a survey of inversion barriers in biphenyl-based ligands and catalysts. Thereafter, the determination of barriers to conformational adaptation in dibenzoazepines and dibenzophosphepines is described. Palladium complexes with a diphosphine ligand or a diamine ligand, as well as the free diamine ligand, were studied. Entropies and enthalpies of activation were determined with variable temperature NMR spectroscopy. The mechanism of conformational change in the metal complexes was elucidated. The third chapter describes the synthesis of semiflexible and rigid phosphinite ligands, as well as their application in rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation. Modest enantioselectivities (up to 63% ee) were obtained. The semiflexible ligand was found to behave like the most active rigid diastereomer. The fourth chapter describes the behaviour of amine and phosphoramidite ligands in model complexes relevant to the palladium-catalysed asymmetricallylic alkylation of benchmark substrates. Diphosphoramidite and aminephosphoramiditeligands were designed and synthesised. Pd(olefin) complexesof diamine and diphosphoramidite ligands were studied, and their symmetry determined. It was found that both types of ligands are able to adapt their conformation to the substrate. / QC20100630 adaptable flexible semi-flexible symmetry conformational study mechanistic study rotation barrier VT NMR asymmetric catalysis ligand design allylic alkylation hydrogenation azepines dioxaphosphepines phosphepines amines phosphines phosphoramidites phosphinites palladium rhodium Organic chemistry Organisk kemi

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Synthèses d’hélicènes énantioenrichis et application en catalyse asymétrique / Synthesis of enantioenriched helicenes and application in asymmetric catalysis

Self-adaptable catalysts : Importance of flexibility and applications in asymmetric catalysis