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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Synthèse et mise en oeuvre de nanocomposites à base d’oxyde de zinc utilisés pour le traitement photocatalytique de l’eau contaminée par des disrupteurs endocriniens / Synthesis and performance of nanocomposites based on ZnO for the photocatalytic treatment of water contaminated with endocrin disruptor compounds

Jasso Salcedo, Alma Berenice 29 August 2014 (has links)
Le présent travail porte sur la photodégradation de polluants aqueux utilisant des catalyseurs à base de ZnO. La première étape a consisté à fonctionnaliser ZnO avec des nanoparticules d'argent. Deux méthodes ont été utilisées : la photodéposition et l'imprégnation des particules d'argent sur ZnO. L’activité des catalyseurs obtenus vis-à-vis de la dégradation du bisphenol-A, du triclosan et de la rhodamine-B a été ensuite étudiée. L'effet du pH, des concentrations du photocatalyseur et du polluant et de la longueur d'onde sur la dégradation du bisphenol-A a été analysée et la constante cinétique déterminée. L'optimisation a montré qu'une teneur faible en argent et un pH alcalin, tant pour la fonctionnalisation de ZnO que pour la photodégradation, maximisent la constante cinétique de dégradation du bisphenol-A. Un modèle a également prédit que le système obtenu par photodéposition présente une activité photocatalytique supérieure à celle de celui obtenu par imprégnation. D'autre part, pour surmonter des problèmes d'agrégation, les particules d’Ag/ZnO ont été immobilisées grâce à leur incorporation dans une matrice d'acide polyacrylique réticulé. La surface des particules de catalyseur a, au préalable, été modifiée grâce à un agent de couplage silané qui a permis (i) la dispersion et l'ancrage par estérification des nanoparticules sur la matrice polyacrylique (ii) de promouvoir la cristallisation du polymère. Les composites obtenus ont été testés avec succès sous rayonnement UV avec une efficacité comparable à celle des particules non-immobilisées. L'immobilisation permet par ailleurs d'empêcher la photocorrosion du catalyseur et d'utiliser ces composites en mode continu / The present work concerns photodegradation of water contaminants using ZnO-based catalysts. The first step consisted in designing a new catalytic system by functionalizing ZnO with silver nanoparticles. Two methods were used: photodeposition and impregnation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on ZnO. The photocatalytic activity of the resulting catalyst towards the degradation of bisphenol-A, triclosan and rhodamine-B was studied. The effect of pH, photocatalyst and contaminant concentrations and wavelength, on bisphenol-A degradation was studied and the kinetic rate constant was determined. The optimization showed that a low silver content and an alkaline pH, during both functionalization of ZnO and photodegradation, maximized the kinetic rate constant of bisphenol-A degradation. A model also predicted that Ag/ZnO obtained by photodeposition showed higher photocatalytic activity that of Ag/ZnO obtained by impregnation.On the other hand, to overcome aggregation problems, Ag/ZnO were immobilized owing to their incorporation in a cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) matrix . The surface of Ag/ZnO was previously modified, using a silane coupling agentwhich allowed (i) dispersing and anchoring NPs on the polyacrylic matrix by formation ester bonds (ii) promoting crystallization of the polymer. The composites were successfully tested under UV light with an efficiency comparable to that of non-immobilized NPs. The immobilization provides additional advantages e.g. hindrance of catalyst photocorrosion and possible use of the composite in continuous mode
62

Matériaux photocatalytiques structurés à base de mousses alvéolaires de β-SiC : applications au traitement de l'air / Photocatalytic structured materials based on β silicon carbide foams for air treatment applications

Masson, Romain 21 November 2012 (has links)
L’objectif principal de ce travail a été d’étudier le potentiel de mousses alvéolaires tridimensionnelles en carbure de silicium de forme béta (β-SiC) comme support de photocatalyseur, dans le but de mettre au point des réacteurs photocatalytiques structurés pour le traitement de l’air. Ces mousses alvéolaires de β-SiC de surface spécifique moyenne et de porosité très ouverte sont obtenues par la synthèse dite à mémoire de forme (Shape Memory Synthesis), consistant en la carburation contrôlée d’une mousse alvéolaire de polyuréthane préformée. Une étude de la dégradation de trois polluants sur des films minces en mode de lit léchant (la méthyléthylcétone, l’ammoniac et le sulfure d’hydrogène) a tout d’abord permis de sélectionner trois photocatalyseurs d’intérêt parmi six références commerciales avant d’être immobilisés sur les mousses de β-SiC. Après une étape d’optimisation en termes de taille d’alvéoles, de nature et quantité de photocatalyseur, le média photocatalytique TiO2/mousses de β-SiC a été caractérisé et ses performances comparées en mode mono-passage ainsi qu’en mode de recirculation du flux dans une enceinte de 2 m3, à celles d’un film mince de TiO2 et d’un média photocatalytique commercial de référence. Le média photocatalytique TiO2/mousses de β-SiC présente des performances nettement améliorées par rapport à celles du média référent. Les mousses jouent un rôle de mélangeur statique et permettent une meilleure utilisation du volume du réacteur, en augmentation la densité de photocatalyseur par unité de volume tout en maintenant une illumination du cœur du réacteur acceptable ainsi que des pertes de charge très limitées. / The main objective of this work was to study the potential of three-dimension beta silicon carbide (β-SiC) alveolar foams for use as photocatalyst support, targeting the implementation of structured photocatalytic reactors for air treatment. Medium surface area β-SiC alveolar foams were synthesized according to the Shape Memory Synthesis concept, consisting in the controlled carburization of a preshaped polyurethane foam. First, the degradation of three model pollutants (methylethylketone, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide) was performed over TiO2 thin layers in a flow-through reactor for selecting three photocatalysts of interest – Hombikat UV100, PC500 and P25 TiO2 – among six commercial standards. The powderly photocatalysts were further immobilized onto β-SiC foams. After an optimization step in terms of mean cell size, light transmission, photocatalyst nature and weight content as well as of the immobilization method, the TiO2/β-SiC foam photocatalytic media was characterized and its photocatalytic behaviour was compared in a single-pass mode as well as in a recirulation mode inside a 2 m3 chamber, to those obtained on a TiO2 thin layer and with a well-known commercial photocatalytic felt media made from quartz fibers supporting sol-gel TiO2. The photocatalytic media elaborated with β-SiC alveolar foams exhibited superior performances compared to that of the commercial felt standard. The foams acted as static mixing within the reactor and allowed a more efficient use of the reactor volume, by increasing the photocatalyst density per reactor volume unit, while maintaining however a suitable illumination within the reactor core as well as very low pressure drops.
63

Studies on Surface Modified Metal Oxides Nanofibers and Thin Films for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage / 太陽エネルギー変換及び貯蔵用表面修飾金属酸化物ナノファイバー及び薄膜に関する研究

Lea Cristina De Jesus Macaraig 24 September 2013 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(エネルギー科学) / 甲第17911号 / エネ博第283号 / 新制||エネ||59(附属図書館) / 30731 / 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー基礎科学専攻 / (主査)教授 佐川 尚, 教授 八尾 健, 教授 石原 慶一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Energy Science / Kyoto University / DGAM
64

Studies on Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 in Water over Layered Double Hydroxides / 層状複水酸化物を用いた水中でのCO2の光還元に関する研究

Iguchi, Shoji 23 March 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第19740号 / 工博第4195号 / 新制||工||1647(附属図書館) / 32776 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科分子工学専攻 / (主査)教授 田中 庸裕, 教授 阿部 竜, 教授 陰山 洋 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
65

Application of Metal Nanoparticles and Polyoxometalates for Efficient Photocatalysis and Catalysis / 高効率光触媒および触媒反応のための金属ナノ粒子およびポリオキソメタレートの利用

Iwase, Yukari 26 March 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21118号 / 工博第4482号 / 新制||工||1696(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻 / (主査)教授 阿部 竜, 教授 安部 武志, 教授 作花 哲夫 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
66

Development of novel hybrid catalysis for carbon-carbon couplings by titanium oxide photocatalyst and metal cocatalyst / 酸化チタン光触媒と金属助触媒による炭素-炭素結合形成のための新規ハイブリッド触媒の開発

Akanksha, Tyagi 26 March 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第21178号 / 人博第850号 / 新制||人||203(附属図書館) / 29||人博||850(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科相関環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 吉田 寿雄, 教授 内本 喜晴, 教授 田部 勢津久 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM
67

Development of Novel Photocatalysts and Co-catalysts for Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 by H20 / H2Oを電子源とするCO2の光還元に活性を示す光触媒および助触媒の開発

Pang, Rui 25 March 2019 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21789号 / 工博第4606号 / 新制||工||1717(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科分子工学専攻 / (主査)教授 田中 庸裕, 教授 佐藤 啓文, 教授 阿部 竜 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
68

Visible light-promoted transformations of carboxylic acids using organic photocatalysts

Ramírez, Nieves P. 19 July 2019 (has links)
In this doctoral thesis, we have studied the oxidation of carboxylic acids to obtain the corresponding acyloxy radicals, using visible light and non-toxic and inexpensive organic dyes, as photocatalysts. On the one hand, we study the photooxidation of aromatic carboxylic acids to obtain acyloxy radicals, whose decarboxylation is relatively slow (Chapter I and Chapter II). On the other hand, we describe the photooxidation of aliphatic carboxylic acids, to take advantage of the rapid decarboxylation of the corresponding acyloxy radicals, to generate nucleophilic radicals that were trapped by different reagents (Chapter III to Chapter V). It should be noted that all the protocols are free of expensive and toxic noble metals, the reactions were promoted with visible light at room temperature and the scalability of some reactions was demonstrated in batch conditions or using flow chemistry. In addition, mechanistic studies were carried out to propose plausible photocatalytic routes to all the reactions studied.
69

Photonically Enhanced and Controlled Pool Boiling Heat Transfer

Glavin, Nicholas R. 21 August 2012 (has links)
No description available.
70

Improving Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production of Ru,Rh,Ru Supramolecular Complexes in Aerobic Aqueous Solutions

Canterbury, Theodore Richard 08 June 2017 (has links)
The production of hydrogen fuel via solar water splitting is an important carbon-neutral strategy for the development of renewable resources and has sparked great interest in the scientific community. Hydrogen production efficiencies for supramolecular photocatalysts of the architecture [{(TL)2Ru(BL)}2RhX2]5+ (BL=bridging ligand, TL=terminal ligand, X=halide) are among the highest reported in deoxygenated organic solvents, but do not function in air-saturated aqueous solution due to quenching of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited-state under these conditions. Herein, we report the groundbreaking use of polyelectrolytes to increase efficiency of supramolecular photocatalysts in solar hydrogen production schemes under aqueous aerobic conditions. The new photocatalytic system incorporates poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) into aqueous solutions containing [{(bpy)2Ru(dpp)}2RhCl2]5+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dpp = 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine). PSS has a profound impact on photocatalyst efficiency, increasing hydrogen production over three times that of deoxygenated aqueous solutions alone. Hydrogen photocatalysis proceeds even under aerobic conditions for PSS containing solutions, an exciting consequence for solar hydrogen production research. Thermodynamics of binding due to intermolecular interactions between Ru,Rh,Ru photocatalysts and polyelectrolytes was probed using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). ITC studies reveal the driving forces of aggregate formation, providing new insight into the intermolecular forces that lead to increased photocatalytic efficiency and stability in the presence of water soluble polymers. Synthesis and characterization of a novel supramolecular photocatalyst having hydrophilic terminal ligands are reported. Addition of sulfonated terminal ligands into a Ru,Rh,Ru photocatalyst has a significant impact on the excited-state properties of the complex. The new complex demonstrates increased solubility and hydrogen production efficiency in aqueous solutions. Hydrogen production is observed even under aerobic conditions for the new complex, a stark contrast to the hydrophobic analog in organic solvents. The synthesis, characterization, and electropolymerization of a chromophore-catalyst assembly having vinyl-substituted terminal ligands to create robust water reduction photocatalysts on wide-bandgap semiconductors is reported. The polymeric photocatalysts are expected to show increased stability over a wide pH range and increased photostability compared to chromophore-catalyst assemblies that employ carboxylic or phosphonic acid groups to adsorb the photoreactive catalyst to the metal oxide surface. / Ph. D.

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