Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Theoretical part of the thesis deals with relationships dynamics interaction between human and nature. These relationships are monitored by data of land use development. The "new wilderness" concept is presented in the theoretical part from various learned views as well and there are described different definitions and typologies of the term. Empirical part of the thesis is about "new wilderness" formation on the microregional level. The location of the research was situated to border microregion Vejprty in the Ore Mountains because of primary analysis of potential for "new wilderness" creation. The particular examples of the "new wilderness" are presented on the model areas in the microregion Vejprty .There are described driving forces for creation of each "new wilderness" type in those areas. The "new wilderness" in the nature is shown by comparison of historical and contemporary photos of the model areas Key words: land- use - "new wilderness" - Ore Mountains - microregion Vejprty - comparison photos

A análise dos registros produzidos na e pela escola permite identificar recorrências e, por meio de sua percepção, a consolidação de uma imagem da escola passível de construção de padrões de representação social e de iconografia. Com essas premissas, objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, contribuir para a reflexão da cultura escolar como produtora de uma representação singular. Essa imagem de escola foi categorizada a partir das representações fotográficas do universo escolar, com base nas recorrências e similitudes temáticas e compositivas das fotografias escolares. Partindo do pressuposto de que as fotografias constituem suportes de memória e apresentam uma narrativa, procurou-se estudar a articulação entre as fotografias individuais e a sua organização em álbuns fotográficos. Para além de sua especificidade particular, os retratos, coligidos em álbuns fotográficos, são redimensionados e inseridos numa lógica narrativa que expande sua potencialidade informativa. Desse modo, procurou-se investigar, tanto a singularidade do retrato e do álbum, quanto a articulação entre esses dois suportes de memória. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram analisados os 24 álbuns fotográficos da Escola Caetano de Campos, de São Paulo, cuja temática é a própria escola e as atividades e práticas escolares nela desenvolvidas. No que tange a metodologia, além da análise dos elementos compositivos da fotografia, realizou-se um estudo centrado nas séries documentais compostas pelos álbuns fotográficos e pelos retratos escolares neles apresentados. Procurou-se discutir a necessidade, as especificidades e os limites da prática da classificação, considerando-se as dificuldades teóricas e históricas de classificar a própria fotografia. Desse modo, foi desenvolvido um estudo sobre as temáticas da fotografia escolar considerando os subtemas que elas englobam. Foram identificados quatro temas: arquitetura, práticas escolares, retratos e eventos. Estudaram-se as relações entre fotografia e escola em suas diversas dimensões, estabelecendo as relações e diferenças entre as perspectivas da fotografia de escola e a de fotografia na escola. / The analysis of the records produced at school and by school can identify recurrences and, through the perception, the capable consolidation of a school picture of a building standards of social representation and iconography. With these assumptions, this research was aimed to contribute to the reflection of the school culture as a producer of a singular representation. This school image was categorized from the photographic representations of the school environment, based on similarities and recurrences of thematic and compositional school photographs. Assuming that there is memory in photographs and they also present a narrative, we tried to study the relationship between the individual pictures and its organization in photo albums. Beyond its particular specificity, pictures, collected in photo albums, are resized and placed in a logical narrative that expand its potential informative. Thus, we sought to investigate both the picture and the album uniqueness, in relation to the articulation between these two memory supports. To develop the research, 24 albums of School Caetano de Campos from São Paulo were analyzed, whose theme is the school itself and the activities and the practices developed at school. Regarding the methodology, as well as the analysis of the compositional elements of photography, there was a study focusing on the documentary series made by the portraits and photo albums school which presented them. We tried to discuss the need, the specificities, the limits and the classification practice, considering the historical and theoretical difficulties of classifying the photograph itself. Thus, a study was conducted on the subjects of photography school considering the sub-themes they encompass. We identified four themes: architecture, school practices, portraits and events. We sought to study the relationship between photography and school in its various dimensions, establishing relationships and differences between the perspectives of school photography and photography at school.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-01T19:47:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 YURI ALMEIDA LACERDA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2009..pdf: 6501376 bytes, checksum: bd856ffa46be0061ca6b093199752e86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T19:47:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YURI ALMEIDA LACERDA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2009..pdf: 6501376 bytes, checksum: bd856ffa46be0061ca6b093199752e86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-12 / A grande facilidade de capturar fotografias com as câmeras digitais fez com que as pessoas estejam produzindo uma quantidade enorme de imagens digitais. Isto acarretou num aumento da complexidade no gerenciamento desse tipo de arquivo. Além disso, os dispositivos móveis com chip GPS e câmera digital embutidos passaram a prover armazenamento nos metadados desses arquivos, além de informações temporais, também informações relativas à posição geográfica (latitude e longitude) do momento da captura da foto, permitindo que seja explorado o aspecto geográfico da fotografia. Os sistemas existentes de organização de fotografias georreferenciadas não exploram de forma eficiente essas informações. Desta maneira, nesta dissertação é proposta a criação de uma ferramenta, chamada PhotoGeo, que permite aos usuários organizarem, navegarem, anotarem e consultarem suas fotos georreferenciadas de maneira simplificada e explorando adequadamente as informações geográficas e temporais. O PhotoGeo propõe um mecanismo novo de organização automática de fotografias, que realiza uma classificação utilizando esses metadados e informações extraídas de fontes externas. Também, é proposto no PhotoGeo uma interface multi-modal para navegar em uma coleção de fotos, dotada também de um mecanismo de consultas avançadas de fotografias que explora os domínios de dados convencional, espacial e temporal. Outra contribuição muito importante do PhotoGeo, é uma nova solução para a sugestão de pessoas que estão presentes nas fotografias, ampliando e utilizando as informações de contextos do usuário. / Since digital cameras made photography capturing easy, people are producing and storing an enormous amount of digital images. This caused an increased complexity in managing this kind of media file. Furthermore, the mobile devices with embedded GPS and digital cameras are capable of store temporal (timestamp of the shot) and geographic (latitude and longitude) information in image files metadata, enabling the treatment of the geographical aspects of photography. The existing geographic photo organizers, however, do not efficiently explore spatial-temporal metadata. In this study, we propose a new photo organizer tool - PhotoGeo - which provides the functionalities of organizing, navigating, annotating, and searching geo-referenced photos, which has enhanced usability and adequately explores geographic and temporal information. PhotoGeo proposes a novel automatic photo organizing mechanism which classifies pictures based on metadata and external sources. It also proposes a multi-modal interface to enable navigation within a photo collection, accompanied by a mechanism to perform advanced search in photography collections which explores the conventional, spatial, and temporal domains. Another very important contribution of PhotoGeo, is a new solution to suggest identification of people who are subject in the photos, expanding and utilizing the contextual informations of user.

Trois méthodes de télédétection (Lidar, interférométrie radar satellitaire et photogrammétrie aérienne) ont été appliquées pour quantifier les évolutions spatiales et temporelles de deux glissements argileux (Harmalière et Avignonet, situés dans la région du Trièves, Alpes françaises) en complément d’instrumentation in-situ. Une analyse géomorphologique a été réalisée à partir d’ortho-photos (depuis 1948) et du MNT Lidar filtré. Couplée à des reconnaissances géophysiques, elle a montré que la cinématique différente des deux glissements contigus était partiellement contrôlée par la paléotopographie sur laquelle s’est déposée la couche d’argile. La rugosité directionnelle a permis de distinguer les processus d’érosion résultant de mouvements gravitaires et de ravinement. Une technique de corrélation d'images adaptée aux MNT a été développée pour obtenir les vecteurs de déplacement 3D entre deux acquisitions Lidar (2006 - 2009), avec une attention particulière portée à l’évaluation de la qualité des mesures. La carte des déplacements obtenue montre que la zone la plus active du glissement de Harmalière entre 1981 et 2001 est maintenant relativement lente (déplacement <0.4 m en 3 ans), contrairement à d’autres zones proches montrant des mouvements importants atteignant 3m avec une composante rotationnelle. Pour le glissement d’Avignonet, les déplacements déduits augmentent généralement vers le pied du glissement et peuvent atteindre 1 m. La technique des réflecteurs permanents en interférométrie radar a permis de déterminer de nouvelles valeurs de taux de déplacements (entre 1992 et 2000) en 16 points du glissement, qui sont cohérentes avec les données GPS existantes. Le taux moyen de recul à long terme de l’escarpement principal a été estimé à 1-5 cm/an à Avignonet et entre 7 et 14 cm/an à l'Harmalière. La régression du glissement d’Avignonet semble contrôlée par l’érosion du sommet de la couche d’alluvions compactes reposant sur le substratum. La présence d’une paleovallée du Drac sous le pied du glissement de l'Harmalière pourrait expliquer cette différence de cinématique entre les deux glissements. / Three remote sensing techniques, Lidar, satellite radar interferometry and aerial photogrammetry are applied to quantify the spatial and temporal evolution of two clayey landslides (Avignonet and Harmalière, located in the Trièves area, French Alps) in complement to in-situ instrumentations. A geomorphological analysis based on Lidar-derived filtered DEM, coupled to analysis of ortho-photos dating back to 1948 and geophysical investigations, shows that the different evolution of the neighbouring landslides could be partly controlled by the paleotopography of the bedrock underlying the clay layer. Directional roughness is shown to help distinguishing between landsliding and gully erosion patterns. Cross-correlation technique adapted to DEMs has been developed to derive 3D-displacement-vectors between two Lidar acquisitions (2006 and 2009), paying attention on measure quality assessment. The displacement map reveals that, at the Harmalière landslide, the main sliding channel, very active from 1981 - 2001, is now relatively slow (< 0.4 m over 3 years), in contrast with four surrounding distinct areas of large movements (up to 3 m) partly with rotational components. At the Avignonet landslide, displacements generally increase towards the toe (up to 1 m near the drainage outlets). Persistent Scatterers Interferometry technique allows to derive new reliable displacement-rates (1992 - 2000) at 16 points of the Avignonet landslide, consistent with GPS time-series. The long-term average headscarp retreat rates are estimated to 1 - 5 cm/y at Avignonet and 7 - 14cm/y at Harmalière. The retreat of the Avignonet landslide seems to be controlled by the erosion of the top of the underlying compacted alluvial layers. The presence of a paleovalley (Drac river) below the Harmalière toe could explain the difference of kinematics between the two landslides.

A análise dos registros produzidos na e pela escola permite identificar recorrências e, por meio de sua percepção, a consolidação de uma imagem da escola passível de construção de padrões de representação social e de iconografia. Com essas premissas, objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, contribuir para a reflexão da cultura escolar como produtora de uma representação singular. Essa imagem de escola foi categorizada a partir das representações fotográficas do universo escolar, com base nas recorrências e similitudes temáticas e compositivas das fotografias escolares. Partindo do pressuposto de que as fotografias constituem suportes de memória e apresentam uma narrativa, procurou-se estudar a articulação entre as fotografias individuais e a sua organização em álbuns fotográficos. Para além de sua especificidade particular, os retratos, coligidos em álbuns fotográficos, são redimensionados e inseridos numa lógica narrativa que expande sua potencialidade informativa. Desse modo, procurou-se investigar, tanto a singularidade do retrato e do álbum, quanto a articulação entre esses dois suportes de memória. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram analisados os 24 álbuns fotográficos da Escola Caetano de Campos, de São Paulo, cuja temática é a própria escola e as atividades e práticas escolares nela desenvolvidas. No que tange a metodologia, além da análise dos elementos compositivos da fotografia, realizou-se um estudo centrado nas séries documentais compostas pelos álbuns fotográficos e pelos retratos escolares neles apresentados. Procurou-se discutir a necessidade, as especificidades e os limites da prática da classificação, considerando-se as dificuldades teóricas e históricas de classificar a própria fotografia. Desse modo, foi desenvolvido um estudo sobre as temáticas da fotografia escolar considerando os subtemas que elas englobam. Foram identificados quatro temas: arquitetura, práticas escolares, retratos e eventos. Estudaram-se as relações entre fotografia e escola em suas diversas dimensões, estabelecendo as relações e diferenças entre as perspectivas da fotografia de escola e a de fotografia na escola. / The analysis of the records produced at school and by school can identify recurrences and, through the perception, the capable consolidation of a school picture of a building standards of social representation and iconography. With these assumptions, this research was aimed to contribute to the reflection of the school culture as a producer of a singular representation. This school image was categorized from the photographic representations of the school environment, based on similarities and recurrences of thematic and compositional school photographs. Assuming that there is memory in photographs and they also present a narrative, we tried to study the relationship between the individual pictures and its organization in photo albums. Beyond its particular specificity, pictures, collected in photo albums, are resized and placed in a logical narrative that expand its potential informative. Thus, we sought to investigate both the picture and the album uniqueness, in relation to the articulation between these two memory supports. To develop the research, 24 albums of School Caetano de Campos from São Paulo were analyzed, whose theme is the school itself and the activities and the practices developed at school. Regarding the methodology, as well as the analysis of the compositional elements of photography, there was a study focusing on the documentary series made by the portraits and photo albums school which presented them. We tried to discuss the need, the specificities, the limits and the classification practice, considering the historical and theoretical difficulties of classifying the photograph itself. Thus, a study was conducted on the subjects of photography school considering the sub-themes they encompass. We identified four themes: architecture, school practices, portraits and events. We sought to study the relationship between photography and school in its various dimensions, establishing relationships and differences between the perspectives of school photography and photography at school.

This thesis is about two different theoretical interpretations of objects and object-orientation in design of health care information systems – the interpretations of Activity Theory/Developmental Work Research and Computer Science respectively. One motive to my interest in objects of work and software, is to better understand the problems and possibilities in an inter¬dis¬ciplinary research project. With an origin in 2001, a Wound Care Project began as a joint R &amp; D endeavour with the initial idea of utili¬zing digital photos. Soon, an information system (“Hedvig”) was developed for the purpose of managing digital photos and related treatment records on wounds. Later, this work expanded in creation of a distributed information system (“Helar”), a digital prototype for support of wound care treatment. Eventually, the thesis is summing up reflections related to the object concepts. AT/DWR has its strength in analysis and design of required change in a work practice but is still weak in method and techniques for support of making specific computa¬tional systems. In a way this shortcoming is thought of to be balanced by the technological CS discipline of which one of its main forces is to develop theory and practice for construction of computational information systems. This thesis suggest, in the inter¬dis¬ciplinary field of Health Care Information Systems Design, a further developed object con¬cept, and related scenarios and use cases, as a way of taking advantage of a combination of those two different strengths. / Avhandlingen handlar om två olika teoretiska tolkningar av objekt och objektorientering i design av informationssystem för hälso- och omvårdnadsarbete - tolkningar utifrån verksamhetsteori/utvecklande arbetsforskning (activity theory/developmental work research: AT/DWR) å ena sidan och datavetenskap (computer science: CS) å den andra. Ett motiv för mitt intresse för objekt i arbete och i programvara, är att bättre förstå problem och möjligheter i ett tvärvetenskapligt forskningsprojekt. Med en början i 2001, startade ett sårvårdsprojekt som ett forsknings- och utvecklingsarbete med den initiala idén att nyttja digitala foton, och snart utvecklades ett informationssystem (&quot;Hedvig&quot;) för syftet att hantera digitala foton och annan relaterad behandlingsdokumentation för sårvård. Senare expanderade detta arbetet i skapandet av ett distribuerat informationssystem (&quot;Helar&quot;), en digital prototyp för stöd av sårbehandlingsarbete. Denna avhandling summerar reflektioner relaterade till objektbegreppen. AT/DWR har sin styrka i analys och design av efterfrågad förändring av en arbetspraktik, men är fortfarande svag i metod och tekniker för att stödja skapandet av specifika datorsystem. På ett sätt är det här tillkortakommandet tänkt att balanseras av den teknologiskt datavetenskapliga disciplinen, där en av dess främsta drivkrafter är att utveckla teori och praktik för konstruktion av datoriserade informationssystem. I det tvärvetenskapliga fältet av design av informationssystem för hälso- och omvårdnadsarbete, föreslår denna avhandling fortsatt utveckling av objektkoncepten, och utveckling av de relaterade &quot;scenarios&quot; och &quot;use cases&quot;, som ett sätt att dra fördel av en kombination av dessa två olika förtjänster, som de olika disciplinerna står för. objekt, objektorientering, sårvård, digitala foton, verksamhetsteori, datavetenskap, informationssystem

Les réseaux sociaux occupent une place de plus en plus importante dans notre vie quotidienne et représentent une part considérable des activités sur le web. Ce succès s’explique par la diversité des services/fonctionnalités de chaque site (partage des données souvent multimédias, tagging, blogging, suggestion de contacts, etc.) incitant les utilisateurs à s’inscrire sur différents sites et ainsi à créer plusieurs réseaux sociaux pour diverses raisons (professionnelle, privée, etc.). Cependant, les outils et les sites existants proposent des fonctionnalités limitées pour identifier et organiser les types de relations ne permettant pas de, entre autres, garantir la confidentialité des utilisateurs et fournir un partage plus fin des données. Particulièrement, aucun site actuel ne propose une solution permettant d’identifier automatiquement les types de relations en tenant compte de toutes les données personnelles et/ou celles publiées. Dans cette étude, nous proposons une nouvelle approche permettant d’identifier les types de relations à travers un ou plusieurs réseaux sociaux. Notre approche est basée sur un framework orientéutilisateur qui utilise plusieurs attributs du profil utilisateur (nom, age, adresse, photos, etc.). Pour cela, nous utilisons des règles qui s’appliquent à deux niveaux de granularité : 1) au sein d’un même réseau social pour déterminer les relations sociales (collègues, parents, amis, etc.) en exploitant principalement les caractéristiques des photos et leurs métadonnées, et, 2) à travers différents réseaux sociaux pour déterminer les utilisateurs co-référents (même personne sur plusieurs réseaux sociaux) en étant capable de considérer tous les attributs du profil auxquels des poids sont associés selon le profil de l’utilisateur et le contenu du réseau social. À chaque niveau de granularité, nous appliquons des règles de base et des règles dérivées pour identifier différents types de relations. Nous mettons en avant deux méthodologies distinctes pour générer les règles de base. Pour les relations sociales, les règles de base sont créées à partir d’un jeu de données de photos créées en utilisant le crowdsourcing. Pour les relations de co-référents, en utilisant tous les attributs, les règles de base sont générées à partir des paires de profils ayant des identifiants de mêmes valeurs. Quant aux règles dérivées, nous utilisons une technique de fouille de données qui prend en compte le contexte de chaque utilisateur en identifiant les règles de base fréquemment utilisées. Nous présentons notre prototype, intitulé RelTypeFinder, que nous avons implémenté afin de valider notre approche. Ce prototype permet de découvrir différents types de relations, générer des jeux de données synthétiques, collecter des données du web, et de générer les règles d’extraction. Nous décrivons les expériementations que nous avons menées sur des jeux de données réelles et syntéthiques. Les résultats montrent l’efficacité de notre approche à découvrir les types de relations. / In recent years, social network sites exploded in popularity and become an important part of the online activities on the web. This success is related to the various services/functionalities provided by each site (ranging from media sharing, tagging, blogging, and mainly to online social networking) pushing users to subscribe to several sites and consequently to create several social networks for different purposes and contexts (professional, private, etc.). Nevertheless, current tools and sites provide limited functionalities to organize and identify relationship types within and across social networks which is required in several scenarios such as enforcing users’ privacy, and enhancing targeted social content sharing, etc. Particularly, none of the existing social network sites provides a way to automatically identify relationship types while considering users’ personal information and published data. In this work, we propose a new approach to identify relationship types among users within either a single or several social networks. We provide a user-oriented framework able to consider several features and shared data available in user profiles (e.g., name, age, interests, photos, etc.). This framework is built on a rule-based approach that operates at two levels of granularity: 1) within a single social network to discover social relationships (i.e., colleagues, relatives, friends, etc.) by exploiting mainly photos’ features and their embedded metadata, and 2) across different social networks to discover co-referent relationships (same real-world persons) by considering all profiles’ attributes weighted by the user profile and social network contents. At each level of granularity, we generate a set of basic and derived rules that are both used to discover relationship types. To generate basic rules, we propose two distinct methodologies. On one hand, social relationship basic rules are generated from a photo dataset constructed using crowdsourcing. On the other hand, using all weighted attributes, co-referent relationship basic rules are generated from the available pairs of profiles having the same unique identifier(s) attribute(s) values. To generate the derived rules, we use a mining technique that takes into account the context of users, namely by identifying frequently used valid basic rules for each user. We present here our prototype, called RelTypeFinder, implemented to validate our approach. It allows to discover appropriately different relationship types, generate synthetic datesets, collect web data and photo, and generate mining rules. We also describe here the sets of experiments conducted on real-world and synthetic datasets. The evaluation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed relationship discovery approach.

This diploma thesis deals with the position of women and men on the Internet social network called Instagram. The theme is first described from a theoretical point of view, explaining what web 2.0 is, what social networks are and how social networking helps with our socialization to society and our self-presentation. In this part are also explained the concepts of gender and gender stereotypes. My own research consist of three parts. The first part is a qualitative image analysis of so-called "selfie" photos of selected Instagram users, which revealed, that the women that I analyzed supported gender stereotypes in female imaginary, while analyzed men occasionally oscillated between masculinity and femininity. The second part is the analysis of the number of the likes under these "selfie" photos and the third part is the analysis of deep semi-structured interviews, which showed that women and men have much in common on Instagram. But overall, their position on this network according to my analysis is not the same.

This thesis deals with the effectivity of the work procedure visualisations. This thesis describes basic programs used for work procedure visualisation in the IFE company. The example of a product and following time sequences shows how time -efficient the use of visualized procedures is. The final focus of the thesis is on improving work procedures by using 3D models for simpler assembly procedures and preassembly procedures.