This study was a comparative study of Plankton of Lake Dallas and the three main source streams. Based on the analysis of data, which was presented relative to the organisms taken from the lake and from the source streams, the results obtained are discussed, the Plankton seem to be largely autogenetic in Lake Dallas, the source streams Elm Fork and Clear Creek form a dilution process.

The topic of my thesis are physiography projects and experiments intended for senior elementary school. In the concrete, the thesis is dealing with studies of appearance of various projects and experiments in area of physiography in literature intended for students of senior elementary school and their usage in geography education. The attention is paid also to publicetions of special and non-fiction geography literature, encyclopedia. The theoretical part of the thesis is dealing with anylysis of given literature in vwhich is by the way viewed the measure of representation of projects and experiments from physiography. The experience part of thesis is resulting from knowledges and information gained right in foregoing theoretical part. The main readout of the thesis is tutorial manual (project sheets), which chapters are devoted to studying physiography subjects.

An exploratory study of the geomorphology of Florida's springs was conducted using morphometric analysis. Spatial datasets for spring locations, elevation data, physiography, geology and hydrography were acquired for incorporation and analysis with GIS technology. ArcGIS 9 was used to measure certain morphometric parameters from the spatial data for Florida's springs. Other Parameters representing physical and dimensional characteristics of the springs were acquired from FGS Bulletin 66, Springs of Florida. All measured and collected data was compiled into a usable morphometric database. The data is described statistically and summarized according to the spatial distribution of Florida's springs with respect to geology and landforms. This examination is carried out at two different scales; 1) the entire population of Florida's 754 springs is examined with emphasis placed upon geology, physiography, and elevation, 2) a subset of 102 springs that is deemed to be a representative sample is examined according to all morphometric parameters. It was concluded that the presence of karst terrain at the majority of the spring sites that were examined in this study is the prevailing factor that has influenced where springs have resurged in Florida. This was observed at both scales in the study. It is also concluded that spring sites in Florida are strongly linked to lower elevations, and therefore that elevation also influences their distribution. Suggestions for future research are posed, including specific ways in which the current methodology can be expanded upon and improved.

The structure of the western three or four miles of the Bear River range east of Logan, Utah, has many times been alluded to in papers written locally on Cache Valley and the related ranges. There has not however, ever been, to the author's knowledge, an investigation made of this portion of the range for the express purpose of determining its exact structure. Although the area specifically covered by this present investigation is greatly inadequate to base the whole west range structure on, the author believes that the facts brought to light by the specific study of this area, added to the facts already known of the rest of the range, will give a clearer and more comprehensive interpretation of the whole western Bear River range front. It was with this purpose in mind that the present investigation was made. The original outline for the study included an investigation of the paleontology of the section. It was found however, after a few weeks study in the field, that the fossils in the local section are far too scarce for any comprehensive study in the present investigation. The study herein described then will be found to refer to paleontology only where it is necessary or where fossil horizons were found advantageous over lithologic units for mapping of formations. The section represented here has several times been studied in part. With a study of these investigations, it was found that there was enough lithologic difference in most of the sections to make possible local correlation and mapping on that basis. In order to make the present paper more thorough and complete it seemed advisable to branch out from the specific area in a few cases and investigate other parts of the valley and range for further insight.into some of the problems confronted on the area. It was also found necessary to make a rather complete study of the literature of related areas.

Resumo: Devido ao aumento da pressão antrópica sobre os ambientes naturais faz-se necessária a realização de levantamentos que contemplem diversos fatores ambientais (bióticos e abióticos) e corroborem com zoneamentos geoambientais e o planejamento territorial. O estudo da fisiografia permite a caracterização e classificação das paisagens terrestres levando em consideração os fatores formadores destas paisagens (clima atual e passado, hidrologia, geologia, geomorfologia e indiretamente aspectos bióticos) e as relações (processos) que os afetam. Desta forma, o objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar as características fisiográficas do município de Rio Claro-SP e, assim, contribuir para o melhor conhecimento dos aspectos do meio físico e suas relações. Para atingir o objetivo foram utilizados procedimentos e técnicas próprias das geociências, como interpretação de fotografias aéreas, geoprocessamento e levantamentos de campo. A sistemática de trabalho adotada se resume à quatro etapas: I) revisão bibliográfica; II) análise geomorfométrica; III) análise morfoestrutura e; IV) análise fisiográfica. Os resultados obtidos foram os mapas geomorfométricos (hipsometria, classes de declividade e curvatura do terreno), mapas morfoestruturais (lineamentos estruturais, traços de juntas, anomalias de drenagem e linhas de contorno estrutural não cotadas) e o mapa fisiográfico. A análise fisiográfica permitiu identificar e compreender os processos endógenos e exógenos que atuam e atuaram na evolução da paisagem. O município de Rio Claro-SP é caracterizado por paisagens policíclicas de origem fluvial, denudacional/paleoaluvial, denudacional e estrutural. A subdivisão das paisagens em unidades menores evidenciou a presença de subpaisagens do tipo planície de inundação e terraço para as paisagens fluviais; topos e encostas para as paisagens denudacionais/paleoaluviais, ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Due to the increase of anthropogenic pressure on natural environments it is necessary to make surveys involving several environmental factors (biotic and abiotic) and the corroborating with geoenvironmental zoning and land use planning. The study of the physiography enables the characterization and classification of landscapes, considering the factors of landscape formation (current and past climate, hydrology, geology, geomorphology and indirectly biotic aspects) and relations (processes) that affect them. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the physiographic characteristics of Rio Claro-SP district and thus to contribute to a better knowledge of physical environment aspects and their relationships. To achieve the main objective specific techniques and procedures from geosciences were taken, such as aerial photo interpretation, geoprocessing and field surveys. The systematic adopted for this work followed four steps: i) reiew; II) geomorphometric analysis; III) morphostructural analysis; IV) physiographic analysis. The results gathered were the geomorphometric maps (hypsometry, slope and terrain curvature), morphostructural maps (structural lineaments, traces of joints, abnormal drainage and structural contour lines unlisted) and a physiographic map. Physiographic analysis allowed us to identify and understand the endogenous and exogenous processes that acted in landscape evolution. Rio Claro-SP is characterized by polycyclic landscapes with fluvial, denudational / paleoalluvial, denudational and structural origins. The subdivision of landscapes into smaller units showed the presence of sub-landscapes, from the type floodplain and river terrace landscapes; summit and slope to the landscapes denudational / paleoalluvial, denudational and structural; abandoned ponds in landscapes denudational / paleoalluvial / Orientador: Jairo Roberto Jiménez-Rueda / Coorientador: Juércio Tavares de Mattos / Banca: Tomoyuki Ohara / Banca: Sérgio dos Anjos Ferreira Pinto / Mestre

In this thesis, I have first reviewed biodiversity status and its conservation in Nepal, which indicates the need of linking the gaps between research and conservation of rare and endangered flora and fauna. Using three mountain ungulates as model species (barking deer - Muntiacus muntjak, Himalayan goral - Naemorhedus goral and Himalayan serow - Capricornis thar), I have investigated effects of human disturbances on wildlife distribution in the human-dominated landscapes of western Nepal, spanning from the subtropical Bardia National Park to the mountainous Shey Phoksundo National Park. I have developed habitat suitability maps for these three ungulate species and recommended a conservation priority area for their conservation. A special emphasis was placed on the study of the distribution of Himalayan serow using different factors related to habitat fragmentation, hunting and patch characteristics and connectivity of forest in midhills landscape of Nepal. Finally, wildlife hunting pattern in the region was investigated in order to explore wildlife conservation issues from the social perspective.

The index of biotic integrity (IBI) comprises several fish-assemblage attributes, called metrics, that reflect how a site differs from least-disturbed (by anthropogenic influences) conditions. Understanding how metrics at least-disturbed sites vary across landscape classes (e.g., physiographies, ecoregions) and stream sizes helps one determine appropriate regions and stream-size ranges in which to develop and use the IBI. The IBI’s utility depends on how accurately and reliably each metric reflects disturbance. I make recommendations for developing the IBI for use in Virginia. I examined metric variation across landscape classes: physiographies, ecoregions, and drainage groups; and across stream sizes. I examined intra-region relations between metrics and disturbance measures and whether relations met conventional IBI assumptions. Taxonomic metrics (e.g., number of native minnow species) and reproductive metrics (e.g., proportion of individuals as lithophils) varied more across physiographies than across ecoregions or drainages. Trophic metrics (e.g., proportion as invertivores) varied least across landscape classes and most with stream size. For Virginia, I recommend three regions: Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and Mountain, in which to develop and use distinct versions of the IBI. In Coastal Plain, disturbance-vs-metric relations were mostly contrary to IBI assumptions. In Piedmont, trophic and tolerance metrics best reflected disturbance and met IBI assumptions; in Mountain, reproductive metrics did so. Disturbance measures accounted for about 20% of the variance in metrics, suggesting that my data incompletely represented disturbance effects on fish. Until further validation, I recommend that each regional IBI retain at least two taxonomic, two trophic, two reproductive, and one tolerance metric. / Master of Science

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:29:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pupim_fn_me_rcla.pdf: 11524545 bytes, checksum: 941e43a1eb1fa5d5255117d5f61a3e90 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Devido ao aumento da pressão antrópica sobre os ambientes naturais faz-se necessária a realização de levantamentos que contemplem diversos fatores ambientais (bióticos e abióticos) e corroborem com zoneamentos geoambientais e o planejamento territorial. O estudo da fisiografia permite a caracterização e classificação das paisagens terrestres levando em consideração os fatores formadores destas paisagens (clima atual e passado, hidrologia, geologia, geomorfologia e indiretamente aspectos bióticos) e as relações (processos) que os afetam. Desta forma, o objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar as características fisiográficas do município de Rio Claro-SP e, assim, contribuir para o melhor conhecimento dos aspectos do meio físico e suas relações. Para atingir o objetivo foram utilizados procedimentos e técnicas próprias das geociências, como interpretação de fotografias aéreas, geoprocessamento e levantamentos de campo. A sistemática de trabalho adotada se resume à quatro etapas: I) revisão bibliográfica; II) análise geomorfométrica; III) análise morfoestrutura e; IV) análise fisiográfica. Os resultados obtidos foram os mapas geomorfométricos (hipsometria, classes de declividade e curvatura do terreno), mapas morfoestruturais (lineamentos estruturais, traços de juntas, anomalias de drenagem e linhas de contorno estrutural não cotadas) e o mapa fisiográfico. A análise fisiográfica permitiu identificar e compreender os processos endógenos e exógenos que atuam e atuaram na evolução da paisagem. O município de Rio Claro-SP é caracterizado por paisagens policíclicas de origem fluvial, denudacional/paleoaluvial, denudacional e estrutural. A subdivisão das paisagens em unidades menores evidenciou a presença de subpaisagens do tipo planície de inundação e terraço para as paisagens fluviais; topos e encostas para as paisagens denudacionais/paleoaluviais,... / Due to the increase of anthropogenic pressure on natural environments it is necessary to make surveys involving several environmental factors (biotic and abiotic) and the corroborating with geoenvironmental zoning and land use planning. The study of the physiography enables the characterization and classification of landscapes, considering the factors of landscape formation (current and past climate, hydrology, geology, geomorphology and indirectly biotic aspects) and relations (processes) that affect them. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the physiographic characteristics of Rio Claro-SP district and thus to contribute to a better knowledge of physical environment aspects and their relationships. To achieve the main objective specific techniques and procedures from geosciences were taken, such as aerial photo interpretation, geoprocessing and field surveys. The systematic adopted for this work followed four steps: i) reiew; II) geomorphometric analysis; III) morphostructural analysis; IV) physiographic analysis. The results gathered were the geomorphometric maps (hypsometry, slope and terrain curvature), morphostructural maps (structural lineaments, traces of joints, abnormal drainage and structural contour lines unlisted) and a physiographic map. Physiographic analysis allowed us to identify and understand the endogenous and exogenous processes that acted in landscape evolution. Rio Claro-SP is characterized by polycyclic landscapes with fluvial, denudational / paleoalluvial, denudational and structural origins. The subdivision of landscapes into smaller units showed the presence of sub-landscapes, from the type floodplain and river terrace landscapes; summit and slope to the landscapes denudational / paleoalluvial, denudational and structural; abandoned ponds in landscapes denudational / paleoalluvial

This study presents a theoretical GIS model to investigate the relative impacts of geomorphic and environmental factors that govern the occurrence of landslides on the slopes of Mount Cameroon and its surrounding areas. The study area is located along the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), a major structural feature that originates from the south Atlantic and continues into the continental landmass. The quite frequent seismic activity, geologic character, humid tropical climate and high human pressure on hill slopes are the major factors behind the occurrence of landslides in Mount Cameroon. This paper, therefore, underscores the necessity of in-depth follow-up studies concerned with landslides prevention and management based on the relevance of sufficient reliable field methods in landform geomorphology and interpretation. As much is yet to be done to acquire data for structural and surface geology, hydrology, geomorphic processes and physiography of Mount Cameroon, it is difficult at this point in time to considerably apply suitable methods using GIS that would enable identifying and delineating the landslide-prone areas. In addition, the application of environmental surface monitoring instruments will not be meaningful without a clear presentation of which areas are a cause for concern (given that the employment of any slope stability monitoring and rehabilitation efforts will be only possible after appropriate problem-area identification has been done). Consequently, based on the writer’s previous work in the Mount Cameroon area and available related literature, a methodology using GIS is proposed, which provides the capability to demonstrate how the impact of individual or collective geomorphologic site-specific factors on landslides occurrence could be justified. Considering that digital data may not be readily available, a procedure for the creation of data and analysis of themes is proposed and illustrated. The factors analysis approach in landslides analysis may be cheaper and easier to employ in Mount Cameroon and similar problem regions in developing countries (given that there may be problems of limited financial resources and available expertise in GIS technology and applications). The study underscores and recommends the necessity for a later practical implementation with the availability of adequate resources.

No description available.