The thesis is focused on the treatment of saw chains and their impact on the health parameters of chainsaw in terms of noise levels .It verifies the impact of construction of the chain type on noise level at the operator. Four types of saw chains were used for this measurement, namely chisel and semi-chisel teeth chains and PowerSharp chain. In the terms of occupational exposure limits according to government regulations about health protection, nosie and it's harmful effect on workers. The thesis describes possible medical complications and occupational diseases caused by excessive exposure to extremely loud sound. Using literature and electronical sources, marking of attenuation of noise on hearing protective equipment is described, from which the most used are shown. One of the chapters is devoted to the basic facts about physical nature of the sound waves. Except of description of three chain samples, this work also contains a noise measuring report with the ÚLDT measuring device. The problem of measuring the level of noise was solved by obtaining information from the literature and electronic sources. Conditions of this thesis were fulfilled with the help of my supervisor , who provided conslultations and czech government standards from which I could draw information.

This diploma thesis deal with evaluation of the current method of harvesting production on property of Společný les Peklo and Obecní lesy Olešnice v Orlických horách represented by motomanual harvesting and binding concentration of wood. As alternative to current mode, I chose harvesting production performed by harvestor node. In the theoretical part of work, harvesting-transporting process, basic construction parameters of harvestor technologies, the performance standards used in forestry management and also estates of interest are described. In the practical part, common comparison of technologies using SWOT analysis and performance standards including wage rate and practical comparison of technologies on specific property are performed.

Ingeniero Civil Químico / Durante el presente trabajo de título se estudió la factibilidad técnica y económica de un nuevo plan de riego de los sectores de lixviación (en pilas/heap y botaderos/dump) en la Operación Mantoverde de Anglo American, bajo el supuesto que aumenta el caudal de PLS (pregnant leaching solution) procesado desde 1.150 m3 h-1 hasta 2.000 m3 h-1. Esta modificación se analizó teniendo presente el objetivo general de aumentar en el caudal de refino generado, dado que su magnitud actual es insuficiente para regar la totalidad del mineral disponible. Durante la primera etapa de este trabajo, se realizó el balance volumétrico actual de agua, el que sirvió para generar la estrategia de riego a adoptar en caso de implementar el proyecto, la cual generaría una buena distribución de las soluciones lixiviantes. En una segunda etapa, se definieron las modificaciones que se deberían implementar en la etapa de lixiviación y se estudiaron la variación en la composición de las soluciones a riego, y sus efectos sobre la recuperación de cobre. Finalmente, se realizó una evaluación económica del proyecto y se determinó su rentabilidad en diversos escenarios. Como resultado del trabajo descrito en el párrafo anterior, se determinaron una estrategia de riego, la que considera en aumentar los módulos regados con refino en el sector heap (de 10 a 19) y aumentar los módulos en riego en los sectores dump sur (de 12 a 14) y dump norte (de 17 a 20), lo cual permitiría emplear un mayor volumen de refino minimizando el agua de reposición que se debe agregar al sistema. Por otra parte, los cambios a realizar disminuyen la concentración de cobre y ácido sulfúrico en el refino a riego, por lo que éste debería ser acidulado. En el aspecto económico, para esta etapa de evaluación del proyecto se tiene que éste es rentable, presentando para una inversión de US$ 3.000.000 un VAN de -US$ 3.600.000 en un horizonte de evaluación de 4 años. Esto se debe a que los principales ingresos del proyecto consisten en traer producción futura (que se debería realizar al final de la vida útil de la planta) al presente, lo cual no es conveniente debido al bajo precio del cobre, Sin embargo, existen otras posibilidades de emplear el mayor caudal de refino (como el aumento de las tasas de riego) que pueden ser estudiadas, para lo cual, se requiere un mayor conocimiento sobre la dinámica del proceso.

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Subject of this diploma thesis is elaborate a constructional design of the Automatic production line for wooden plate. The thesis is including study of two various solutions, basic computation unit, construction analysis of the device line. In the end of the thesis is included an economic evaluation, model of the line and documentation drawings.

The aims of the thesis are the evaluation and the assessment of the use of the small garden technology during the fire units operations. In the thesis, the operations are divided into the green area maintenance technology at the fire stations and into the techniques for performing rescue and disposal operations. The thesis is mainly focused on the technique used for performing rescue and disposal operations, which are the main activities of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic. The thesis compares and evaluates the current state and in particular proposes a new concept of fire trucks equipment with chainsaws. The proposed concept is based on a questionnaire survey, data collection from databases of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, test trials, calculations and personal experiences of the author, a chainsaw instructor. The proposed concept should improve the ability to perform even the most demanding interventions effectively, efficiently, safely and conveniently. And in cost comparison, it is even cheaper.

Type IV pili (T4P) are long adhesive surface filaments produced by bacteria and are a key virulence factor for many pathogens. T4P are produced by a dynamic intracellular nanomachine that facilitates the assembly (extension) and disassembly (retraction) of pili. Pilus dynamics are enabled by the motor subcomplex of the nanomachine, where cytoplasmic ATPases power pilus assembly (PilB) and disassembly (PilT and PilU). In many, but not all, T4P expressing bacteria – including our model organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa – two retraction ATPases are required for functional retraction, which can be assessed by measuring twitching motility. Deletion of pilT results in loss of twitching and phage susceptibility (another hallmark of pilus function) while deletion of pilU results in loss of twitching but retention of phage susceptibility, indicating pili can still be retracted. We hypothesized that PilU adds to the force of pilus retraction, facilitating disassembly when the fiber is under tension. We mutated ΔpilU and pilU::Tn5 strains with ethyl methanesulfonate and screened for gain-of-twitching mutants. Whole genome sequencing revealed multiple point mutations in the major pilin protein PilA or the pilus adhesin, PilY1. These point mutations were recapitulated in a ΔpilU strain and restored twitching to varying degrees. Complementation of pilA point mutants with pilU in trans influenced the twitching zone of only one mutant, and in trans expression of wild-type pilA resulted in a significant reduction in twitching in most. The contribution of PilU to the force of pilus retraction was further investigated by a polyacrylamide micropillar assay, where no pulling events could be detected for either ΔpilT or ΔpilU mutants. Exopolysaccharide production, a proxy for surface sensing, was uncoupled from twitching motility in the pilA point mutants. These results are a significant step forward to understanding what PilU does and, provides insight to the dynamics of the pilus fiber. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that causes serious infections. P. aeruginosa uses adhesive, “grappling hook” filaments called Type IV pili (T4P) to stick to its hosts. T4P can be repeatedly extended and retracted, allowing the bacteria to crawl on surfaces (twitching) but making them susceptible to bacteriophages, viruses that attach to pili then kill the bacterial cells. The motor proteins PilT and PilU are required for twitching, but only PilT is essential for phage killing, implying that pili are retracted even when PilU is missing. Here we hypothesized that PilU is important for twitching because it helps generate force for retraction when pili are under tension. We isolated multiple mutations in pilus components that restored twitching in the absence of PilU, and propose that these mutations allow for easier retraction of pili. This information helps us understand how T4P help the bacteria to spread during infection.

This thesis evaluates investments based on a business plan. The business plan is developed for the company Agrospol, spol. s r. o. Vračkovice, which intends to expand its product portfolio through the saw-mill site. The company is engaged in agricultural production and operation of the saw would be for her only an ancillary activity to streamline especially human and material resources of the company. Specific business plan is compiled based on the structure defined in the theoretical part. It contains basic information about the company, organizational structure, product performance, analysis of internal analysis and macro micro surrounding, based on which the SWOT matrix and determined strategy. Thereinafter it describes the marketing activities. Another part of the business plan is focused on information about technology, implementation and risks. The intended investment costs, variable and fixed costs and estimated projected cash flows from the investment are known. In conclusion, the investment is evaluated by selected static and dynamic indicators for evaluating investments.

Historically, infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) was believed to be under the exclusive competence of Moraxella bovis. However, the roles of other species of Genus Moraxella are also being considered in the pathogenesis of IBK, such as Moraxella ovis and particularly Moraxella bovoculi. This thesis describes phylogenetic and genotypic analysis based on the genes encoding type IV pili Q- and I-type (TfpQ/I) of M. bovis and cytotoxin of M. bovis (MbxA), M. bovoculi (MbvA) and M. ovis (MovA). The distinction between M. bovis, M. bovoculi and M. ovis was previously performed by PCR (16S-23S intergenic region) according to the protocol established in the literature. Then, there is described a molecular analysis based on the 3' region of genes tfpQ/I (including α1-C N-terminal subdomain and C-terminal domain) of 16 field strains and five vaccine strains of M. bovis from South America. All 47 sequences of tfp Q- and I-type genes analyzed resulted in 31 alleles designated 1 to 31. The phylogenetic reconstruction resulted in a distinction of 31 alleles in eleven groups (designated A through J and Epp). The analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence (aa) of the C-terminal region showed similarity levels between 67 and 100% within the groups, while the analysis of the D region (C-terminal subunit) resulted in levels of similarity between 60 and 100%. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis based on the 3' region of the cytotoxin gene was performed to investigate the genetic relationship among M. bovis (n = 17), M. bovoculi (n = 11) and M. ovis (n = 7) strains and reference strains. Phylogenetic reconstruction allowed the differentiation among species, and the older M. bovoculi strains remained in branch closer to M. bovis strains. The amino acid similarity level among the MbxA sequences stood at an average of 99.9%, while among the MbvA and MovA sequences the similarity was respectively 98.8% and 99.3%. The similarity between MbvA and MovA was 96.6%, while MbxA for MbvA and MovA was 77.6%. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the tfp gene may be inferred suitable for differentiate among M. bovis strains, while the cytotoxin-encoding gene is suitable for phylogenetic classification of M. bovis, M. bovoculi and M. ovis strains and perhaps for understanding the evolutionary relationships among three species. / Historicamente, acreditava-se que a ceratoconjuntivite infecciosa bovina (CIB) estáva sob competência exclusiva de Moraxella bovis. Contudo, outras espécies do Gênero Moraxella também vêm sendo estudadas quanto à participação na patogenia da CIB, como Moraxella ovis e principalmente Moraxella bovoculi. Esta tese descreve análises filogenéticas e de dados genotípicos com base nos genes codificadores dos pili tipo IV dos tipos Q e I (TfpQ/I) de M. bovis e da citotoxina de M. bovis (MbxA), M. bovoculi (MbvA) e M. ovis (MovA). A diferenciação entre M. bovis, M. bovoculi e M. ovis foi previamente realizada por PCR (região intergenica 16S-23S) conforme protocolo estabelecido na literatura. Após, é descrita uma análise molecular com base na região 3' dos genes tfpQ/I (compreendendo subdomínio α1-C N-terminal e o domínio C-terminal) de 16 isolados de campo e cinco cepas vacinais de M. bovis, provenientes da América do Sul. Todas as 47 sequencias do gene tfp tipo Q e tipo I analisadas resultaram em 31 alelos designados de 1 até 31. A reconstrução filogenética resultou em uma distinção dos 31 alelos em onze grupos (designados de A até J e Epp). A análise da sequencia de aminoácidos (aa) deduzidos da região C-terminal mostrou níveis de similaridade entre 67 e 100% dentro dos grupos, enquanto a análise da região D (subunidade C-terminal) resultou níveis de similaridade entre 60 e 100%. Além disso, um estudo filogenético com base na região 3' dos genes da citotoxina foi realizado para investigar a relação genética entre os isolados de M. bovis (n = 17), M. bovoculi (n = 11) e M. ovis (n = 7) e cepas de referência. A reconstrução filogenética permitiu a diferenciação entre as espécies, sendo que os isolados mais antigos de M. bovoculi permaneceram em ramo mais próximos aos isolados de M. bovis. O nível de similaridade de aminoácidos entre as sequencias de MbxA ficou em 99.9% de média, enquanto entre as sequencias de MbvA e MovA foi respectivamente de 98.8% e 99.3%. A similaridade entre MbvA e MovA foi de 96.6%, enquanto MbxA em relação a MbvA e MovA foi de 77.6%. Assim, é possível concluir que o gene tfp pode ser adequado para inferir distinção entre os isolados de M. bovis, enquanto o gene codificador da citotoxina é adequado para classificação filogenéticas dos isolados de M. bovis, M. bovoculi e M. ovis, e, talvez para a compreensão das relações evolutivas.

The project contains structural design of new polyfunctional apartment house in Humpolec. The building has four floors and a basement. In the first floor is designed to store food. There are apartmens in the second to fourth floors. The basement serves as the technical background and storage space for users apartments. The structural system consists of the skeletal system with a combination of brick. The building is covered with three flat roof decks at different height levels where on eis growing, on is walkable and one is not walkable.